The Great Library of Alexandria was built in Ptolemaic Egypt (the name of the Hellenistic dynasty in Egypt) in the third century BCE. It was a center of learning for three centuries and attracted scholars from around the world.

Euclid lived in Alexandria (in Egypt) during the height of Hellenistic rule in Egypt. He is most famous for his contributions to geometry. His most influential work is called Elements and was an instrumental text in the teaching of geometry up to the nineteenth century.

Archimedes is one of the most famous and accomplished mathematicians and scientists of the classical era. He lived in Syracuse, on the island of Sicily, during the third century BCE. Among other accomplishments, Archimedes is remembered for determining a rough approximation of pi and developing a rudimentary system of calculus.

Hippocrates is most famous for his contributions to medicine. He is often referred to as “the father of western medicine” for his efforts in establishing medicine as an independent and esteemed discipline. He may or may not have coined the Hippocratic Oath which bears his name.