All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Which country was primarily blamed for World War I in the Treaty of Versailles?
Answer: Germany. War Guilt Clause held Germany solely responsible.
Flashcard 2: What was Wilson's plan for peace known as?
Answer: Fourteen Points. Wilson's idealistic blueprint for post-war reconstruction.
Flashcard 3: Which nation was allocated the Saar Basin for 15 years?
Answer: France. Coal-rich region given as war compensation.
Flashcard 4: Who was the Italian leader at the Versailles Conference?
Answer: Vittorio Orlando. Italy's Prime Minister during the peace negotiations.
Flashcard 5: What was the primary criticism of the Treaty in Germany?
Answer: Harsh reparations and territorial losses. Germans viewed terms as vindictive and humiliating diktat.
Flashcard 6: Which treaty dealt with Austria after WWI?
Answer: Treaty of Saint-Germain. Reduced Austria to small German-speaking rump state.
Flashcard 7: What was the major naval limitation imposed on Germany?
Answer: Limit of 6 battleships, no submarines. Eliminated German naval threat through severe restrictions.
Flashcard 8: Which area was demilitarized as part of the Treaty of Versailles?
Answer: Rhineland. Buffer zone occupied by Allies for 15 years.
Flashcard 9: What was the main purpose of the Versailles Conference?
Answer: To negotiate peace terms after World War I. Established post-war order after Central Powers' defeat.
Flashcard 10: What was the 'War Guilt Clause' in the Treaty of Versailles?
Answer: Article 231. Forced Germany to accept full responsibility for war damages.
Flashcard 11: Identify the year the Treaty of Versailles was signed.
Answer:
- Signed June 28, exactly five years after archduke's assassination.
Flashcard 12: Which international organization was established by the Treaty of Versailles?
Answer: League of Nations. International peacekeeping body proposed by Wilson's Fourteen Points.
Flashcard 13: What were the 'Big Four' countries at the Versailles Conference?
Answer: United States, United Kingdom, France, Italy. Major Allied powers that dominated peace negotiations.
Flashcard 14: Which U.S. President played a significant role at the Versailles Conference?
Answer: Woodrow Wilson. Promoted his Fourteen Points plan for lasting peace.
Flashcard 15: Which nation was not allowed to participate in the Versailles Conference?
Answer: Germany. Excluded as defeated power, forced to accept terms.
Flashcard 16: What was the primary economic penalty imposed on Germany by the Treaty?
Answer: Reparations. Massive financial compensation for war damages and costs.
Flashcard 17: What territory was returned to France as part of the Treaty of Versailles?
Answer: Alsace-Lorraine. Rich industrial region lost to Germany in 1871.
Flashcard 18: Which clause in the Treaty of Versailles limited German military forces?
Answer: Disarmament Clause. Restricted German army to 100,000 men, banned conscription.
Flashcard 19: Which empire was dismantled as a result of the peace settlement?
Answer: Austro-Hungarian Empire. Multiethnic empire divided into new successor states.
Flashcard 20: What was the main territorial change in Eastern Europe after the Treaty?
Answer: Creation of new states like Poland and Czechoslovakia. Applied self-determination principle to former Habsburg territories.
Flashcard 21: Identify the treaty that addressed the Ottoman Empire post-WWI.
Answer: Treaty of Sèvres. Dismantled Ottoman Empire, later replaced by Treaty of Lausanne.
Flashcard 22: What was the main goal of the League of Nations?
Answer: To maintain world peace and prevent future conflicts. Collective security through international cooperation and diplomacy.
Flashcard 23: Which treaty officially ended WWI with Germany?
Answer: Treaty of Versailles. Main peace settlement between Allies and Germany.
Flashcard 24: Identify the policy aimed at preventing future wars included in the Treaty.
Answer: Collective security. League members pledged mutual defense against aggression.
Flashcard 25: Which territories were mandated to other powers under the League of Nations?
Answer: Former German and Ottoman territories. Administered by Allied powers under League supervision.
Flashcard 26: Who was the British Prime Minister at the Versailles Conference?
Answer: David Lloyd George. Britain's moderate voice between Wilson's idealism and French revenge.
Flashcard 27: Who was the French Premier at the Versailles Conference?
Answer: Georges Clemenceau. Demanded harsh terms to ensure German weakness.
Flashcard 28: What was Italy's primary goal at the Versailles Conference?
Answer: Territorial expansion. Sought territorial gains promised in secret wartime treaties.
Flashcard 29: What was the impact of the Treaty on the German economy?
Answer: Severe economic hardship. Reparations burden crippled German finances and currency.
Flashcard 30: What was a major consequence of the Treaty for Eastern Europe?
Answer: Redrawing of national borders. Self-determination created new nation-states from empires.