All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Which document served as the preamble to the French Constitution of 1791?
Answer: Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Rights declaration formed the constitutional basis for individual liberties.
Flashcard 2: Which revolutionary government replaced the National Assembly in 1791?
Answer: Legislative Assembly. New legislature created under the Constitution of 1791's constitutional monarchy.
Flashcard 3: Which document, adopted in 1789, declared the rights of French citizens?
Answer: Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Established fundamental rights including liberty, property, and equality before the law.
Flashcard 4: What was the impact of the French Revolution on the concept of citizenship?
Answer: Promotion of equal rights and secular citizenship. Revolution established citizenship based on individual rights rather than social status.
Flashcard 5: What political body was formed by the Third Estate in 1789?
Answer: National Assembly. Formed when Third Estate delegates broke from Estates-General to create a new governing body.
Flashcard 6: Identify the event that marked the beginning of the French Revolution.
Answer: Storming of the Bastille. July 14, 1789 attack on royal fortress symbolically launched revolutionary action.
Flashcard 7: Which document, adopted in 1789, declared the rights of French citizens?
Answer: Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Established fundamental rights including liberty, property, and equality before the law.
Flashcard 8: What was the primary objective of the Committee of Public Safety?
Answer: To protect the Revolution from its enemies. Revolutionary government body created to defend against internal and external threats.
Flashcard 9: Who led the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror?
Answer: Maximilien Robespierre. Radical Jacobin leader who dominated the Committee during 1793-1794.
Flashcard 10: Which 1793 event led to the execution of King Louis XVI?
Answer: His trial and conviction for treason. National Convention found him guilty of conspiring against liberty and executed him.
Flashcard 11: What was the primary goal of the Women's March on Versailles in 1789?
Answer: To demand bread and force the royal family to Paris. Parisian women marched to address food shortages and royal resistance to reforms.
Flashcard 12: Identify the system abolished by the National Assembly in August 1789.
Answer: Feudalism. Night of August 4 eliminated serfdom, feudal dues, and noble privileges.
Flashcard 13: What was the result of the Thermidorian Reaction in 1794?
Answer: Fall of Robespierre and end of the Reign of Terror. July 1794 coup that overthrew Robespierre and moderated revolutionary extremism.
Flashcard 14: Which revolutionary government replaced the National Assembly in 1791?
Answer: Legislative Assembly. New legislature created under the Constitution of 1791's constitutional monarchy.
Flashcard 15: Identify the main role of the Directory established in 1795.
Answer: Governing France after the National Convention. Five-member executive body that ruled France from 1795-1799.
Flashcard 16: Which 1799 event led to the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte?
Answer: Coup of 18 Brumaire. Napoleon's military coup that overthrew the Directory and established the Consulate.
Flashcard 17: What was the primary economic problem faced by France before the Revolution?
Answer: Financial crisis and national debt. Massive debt from wars and inefficient tax system bankrupted the monarchy.
Flashcard 18: Identify the revolutionary slogan that encapsulated the ideals of the Revolution.
Answer: Liberty, Equality, Fraternity. The three core revolutionary principles that inspired democratic movements worldwide.
Flashcard 19: What was one major impact of the French Revolution on Europe?
Answer: Spread of revolutionary ideas and nationalism. Revolutionary principles inspired liberal and nationalist movements across the continent.
Flashcard 20: What system of government was established by the French Constitution of 1791?
Answer: Constitutional monarchy. Limited the king's power while maintaining monarchy within constitutional framework.
Flashcard 21: Which group primarily benefited from the abolition of feudal privileges?
Answer: The bourgeoisie and peasants. Middle class and farmers gained land, rights, and economic opportunities.
Flashcard 22: Identify the 1792 conflict that resulted from the Revolution.
Answer: War of the First Coalition. European monarchies united against revolutionary France to prevent spread of revolution.
Flashcard 23: What was the role of the Estates-General in 1789?
Answer: To address the financial crisis and propose reforms. First meeting since 1614 called to solve France's severe financial problems.
Flashcard 24: What event in 1795 ended the French Revolution's radical phase?
Answer: Establishment of the Directory. Thermidorian Reaction created moderate government replacing radical National Convention rule.
Flashcard 25: Which document served as the preamble to the French Constitution of 1791?
Answer: Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Rights declaration formed the constitutional basis for individual liberties.
Flashcard 26: What was one consequence of the French Revolution for the Catholic Church?
Answer: Loss of land and political power. Nationalization of Church property and elimination of Church's political influence.
Flashcard 27: Which French leader established the Consulate in 1799?
Answer: Napoleon Bonaparte. Military general who seized power and became First Consul of France.
Flashcard 28: Identify the legislative body that governed France during the Reign of Terror.
Answer: National Convention. Radical assembly that abolished monarchy and executed the king.
Flashcard 29: What system was replaced by the Napoleonic Code in 1804?
Answer: Feudal legal systems. Napoleon's legal code replaced complex feudal laws with unified civil law.
Flashcard 30: Which class emerged as a powerful social group during the French Revolution?
Answer: The bourgeoisie. Middle class gained political power and economic dominance during revolutionary changes.