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Ceres is the Roman Goddess of __________.
Ceres is the Roman Goddess of the harvest, as well as fertility and motherhood. Ceres’ Greek equivalent was the Goddess Demeter.
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In the Roman pantheon, Juno is __________.
Juno is the Roman Goddess of marriage, childbirth, and the protector of women. She was the wife of Jupiter. Juno’s equivalent in Greek mythology is Hera.
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What was the name of the Roman counterpart to the Ares, the Greek god of war?
The Roman god of war was named Mars. In Roman mythology, Mars was the father of Romulus and Remus, the two supposed founders of Rome.
Inspiration for Mars was taken from Ares, the god of war in Ancient Greek Mythology. The myths and legends of Ares were often taken and reinterpreted in Roman literature with Mars taking the place of Ares.
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The Roman God Janus was principally the God of __________.
The Roman God Janus was principally the God of doors and gateways. In Roman tradition Janus also rules over beginnings and ends, making him the natural God to be celebrated at the end of a war. Janus has no equivalent in Greek mythology.
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Diana was the Roman Goddess of __________.
Diana was the Roman Goddess of hunting, the moon, nature, and wild animals. After the Roman conquest of Greece, Diana came to be associated with the Greek Goddess Artemis.
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This Roman deity was known as “the messenger of the Gods”?
Mercury is based on the Greek God Hermes and was known as “the messenger of the Gods.” Mercury was also the Roman God of luck, wealth, thieves, and travelers.
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Minerva was the Roman Goddess most closely associated with __________.
Minerva was the Roman Goddess of wisdom and learning, as well as poetry, medicine, and trading. After the Roman conquest of Greece, the Romans associated Minerva with the Greek Goddess Athena.
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Which of these Roman deities is incorrectly paired with the Greek deity they are related to?
Many of the deities in the Roman pantheon were either directly inspired by Gods in the Greek pantheon, or else were equated to Greek Gods following the Roman conquest of Greece in the second century BCE. Of these Gods, only Venus and Athena are incorrectly paired. Venus, the Roman Goddess of love and beauty, should be paired with Aphrodite. Whereas, Athena, the Greek Goddess of wisdom, should be paired with Minerva.
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Neptune was the Roman God of __________.
Neptune was the Roman God of the sea, as well as the God of ships and sailors. Neptune was the Roman equivalent of the Greek God Poseidon.
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Which of these Gods was most likely to be revered by soldiers?
Mars was the Roman God of war (the Roman equivalent of the Greek God Ares). People in the classical world tended to embrace deities who related to their personal experiences. So, soldiers, were most likely to revere the Roman God of war.
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Bacchus was the Roman God of __________.
Bacchus was the Roman God of wine, festivals, partying, and debauchery. Bacchus is equated to the Greek God Dionysus. Bacchus was introduced to Roman society by Greek settlers in southern Italy. During the latter years of the Roman Republic, a cult emerged in Rome around the depraved celebration of Bacchus, and many festivals were carried out in his name.
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Many of the Roman Gods had their origins in __________.
The Roman pantheon of Gods was very fluid and accommodating. Almost all of the Roman deities were drawn from foreign cultures, but the majority of them were inspired by the Gods of the Greek pantheon. For example, Jupiter, the chief God in the Roman pantheon, is merely the Roman equivalent of Zeus.
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Vesta was the Roman Goddess of __________.
Vesta was the Roman Goddess of hearth and home. The Romans, particularly during the era of the Roman Republic, placed a great emphasis on family and home life, and so Vesta was naturally one of the most commonly worshipped Gods in day-to-day Roman life.
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Which of these Gods was associated with craftsmen and blacksmiths?
Vulcan is the Roman God associated with craftsmen and blacksmiths. Vulcan is also the Roman God of fire and the forge. Vulcan is equated to the Greek God Hephaestus.
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Which of these was the chief God in the Roman pantheon?
In the Roman pantheon of Gods, Jupiter was the chief God. Jupiter is based on the Greek God Zeus. Many of the Gods in the Roman pantheon were either drawn from, or later equated to, Gods from Greek mythology.
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Venus was the Roman Goddess of __________.
Venus was the Roman Goddess of love and beauty. Venus was the Roman equivalent of the Greek Goddess Aphrodite.
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The Roman God Saturn is equated to which of these Gods from Greek mythology?
The Roman God Saturn is one of the earliest Gods in the mythology of ancient Rome. Saturn was viewed as the God of wealth, time, agriculture, and the city of Rome. The equivalent of Saturn in Greek mythology is the God Cronos.
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__________ were important components of worship in the Roman Republic.
Household shrines and ancestor worship were important components of worship in the Roman Republic. The early Romans placed a great deal of emphasis on family life and on connection with one’s ancestral past. They believed that ancestors had to be placated and appeased or else they would “haunt” the family home in destructive ways.
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The “tripartite” system of government in the Roman Republic included Consuls, the Senate, and __________.
The “tripartite” system of government in the Roman Republic refers to the separation of political power into the hands of the Senate (comprised of aristocratic patrician families), the Consuls (who replaced the function of king in the Roman monarchy), and Assemblies (which were made up of representatives of the common people of Rome). The separation of power was an important political concept to the Romans and has inspired the structure of governments ever since (including the structure of the modern United States’ government).
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Which virtue did Roman citizens consider most important to being a member of the Republic?
The correct answer is pietas (duty, loyalty). This refers to the great sense of loyalty the Roman citizens felt towards their country. While dignitas (dignity), gravitas (seriousness), comitas (humor), and firmitas (tenacity) were all considered important traits of a Roman citizen, pietas is the only option that refers to the duty a citizen had to serve the Republic.
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