New Monarchies - AP European History
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Which general trend best describes the relationship between New Monarchs and representative assemblies?
Which general trend best describes the relationship between New Monarchs and representative assemblies?
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Monarchs limited assemblies’ influence while expanding royal bureaucracy. Parliaments/Cortes weakened as royal administration grew.
Monarchs limited assemblies’ influence while expanding royal bureaucracy. Parliaments/Cortes weakened as royal administration grew.
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Which country’s New Monarchy is most closely linked to early Atlantic exploration and expansion?
Which country’s New Monarchy is most closely linked to early Atlantic exploration and expansion?
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Portugal. Maritime ventures enhanced royal prestige and revenue.
Portugal. Maritime ventures enhanced royal prestige and revenue.
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What is meant by "state-building" in the context of the New Monarchies?
What is meant by "state-building" in the context of the New Monarchies?
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Creating centralized administration, law, taxation, and military capacity. Transforming feudal realms into unified territorial states.
Creating centralized administration, law, taxation, and military capacity. Transforming feudal realms into unified territorial states.
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Which Portuguese figure is traditionally associated with sponsoring early navigation on Africa’s coast?
Which Portuguese figure is traditionally associated with sponsoring early navigation on Africa’s coast?
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Prince Henry the Navigator. Promoted systematic exploration down African coastline.
Prince Henry the Navigator. Promoted systematic exploration down African coastline.
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Which institution in Spain functioned as a royal police force to suppress disorder and banditry?
Which institution in Spain functioned as a royal police force to suppress disorder and banditry?
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The Santa Hermandad. "Holy Brotherhood" enforced royal justice over local lords.
The Santa Hermandad. "Holy Brotherhood" enforced royal justice over local lords.
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What policy did Spain use in 1492 to remove practicing Jews from the kingdom?
What policy did Spain use in 1492 to remove practicing Jews from the kingdom?
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The Alhambra Decree (Edict of Expulsion). Forced conversion or exile, creating religious uniformity.
The Alhambra Decree (Edict of Expulsion). Forced conversion or exile, creating religious uniformity.
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Which event in 1492 symbolized the completion of the Reconquista?
Which event in 1492 symbolized the completion of the Reconquista?
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The conquest of Granada. Last Muslim stronghold fell to Ferdinand and Isabella.
The conquest of Granada. Last Muslim stronghold fell to Ferdinand and Isabella.
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What does the term "Reconquista" mean in the context of Spanish consolidation?
What does the term "Reconquista" mean in the context of Spanish consolidation?
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The Christian reconquest of Iberia from Muslim rule. 800-year campaign ending Muslim political power in Iberia.
The Christian reconquest of Iberia from Muslim rule. 800-year campaign ending Muslim political power in Iberia.
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What was the primary purpose of the Spanish Inquisition for Ferdinand and Isabella?
What was the primary purpose of the Spanish Inquisition for Ferdinand and Isabella?
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Enforce Catholic orthodoxy and strengthen royal control. Religious unity served political centralization goals.
Enforce Catholic orthodoxy and strengthen royal control. Religious unity served political centralization goals.
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Which Spanish rulers completed the dynastic union that anchored the Spanish New Monarchy?
Which Spanish rulers completed the dynastic union that anchored the Spanish New Monarchy?
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Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile. Their 1469 marriage united Spain's two largest kingdoms.
Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile. Their 1469 marriage united Spain's two largest kingdoms.
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What was the French taille in the context of New Monarchy state-building?
What was the French taille in the context of New Monarchy state-building?
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A direct royal tax that funded the crown and its army. Bypassed noble consent, providing steady royal income.
A direct royal tax that funded the crown and its army. Bypassed noble consent, providing steady royal income.
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Which French king is most associated with strengthening royal authority after the Hundred Years’ War?
Which French king is most associated with strengthening royal authority after the Hundred Years’ War?
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Louis XI. Called "Spider King" for his cunning centralization tactics.
Louis XI. Called "Spider King" for his cunning centralization tactics.
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What was the English "Court of Star Chamber" primarily used to do under the Tudors?
What was the English "Court of Star Chamber" primarily used to do under the Tudors?
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Prosecute and intimidate nobles outside common-law jury courts. Avoided jury trials where nobles could protect each other.
Prosecute and intimidate nobles outside common-law jury courts. Avoided jury trials where nobles could protect each other.
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Which English monarch used the Court of Star Chamber to control powerful nobles?
Which English monarch used the Court of Star Chamber to control powerful nobles?
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Henry VII. Founded Star Chamber to bypass noble-dominated courts.
Henry VII. Founded Star Chamber to bypass noble-dominated courts.
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Which English dynasty is most associated with New Monarchy consolidation after 1485?
Which English dynasty is most associated with New Monarchy consolidation after 1485?
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The Tudor dynasty. Henry VII established this dynasty after Bosworth Field.
The Tudor dynasty. Henry VII established this dynasty after Bosworth Field.
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What financial development most directly enabled New Monarchs to maintain standing armies?
What financial development most directly enabled New Monarchs to maintain standing armies?
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More effective taxation and expanded royal revenue systems. Regular income freed monarchs from noble financial control.
More effective taxation and expanded royal revenue systems. Regular income freed monarchs from noble financial control.
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What was the primary military innovation that helped New Monarchs curb noble power?
What was the primary military innovation that helped New Monarchs curb noble power?
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Standing, professional armies loyal to the monarch. Replaced feudal levies dependent on noble cooperation.
Standing, professional armies loyal to the monarch. Replaced feudal levies dependent on noble cooperation.
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What was the main political goal shared by the New Monarchs?
What was the main political goal shared by the New Monarchs?
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To reduce noble autonomy and centralize power in the crown. Feudal decentralization gave way to royal supremacy.
To reduce noble autonomy and centralize power in the crown. Feudal decentralization gave way to royal supremacy.
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Which four kingdoms are most commonly identified as the core New Monarchies?
Which four kingdoms are most commonly identified as the core New Monarchies?
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France, England, Spain, and Portugal. These Atlantic powers pioneered centralized royal authority.
France, England, Spain, and Portugal. These Atlantic powers pioneered centralized royal authority.
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What does the term "New Monarchies" refer to in late $15^{th}$-century Europe?
What does the term "New Monarchies" refer to in late $15^{th}$-century Europe?
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Centralizing monarchies that strengthened royal authority after the Middle Ages. Emerged after feudalism's decline, marking shift to modern state power.
Centralizing monarchies that strengthened royal authority after the Middle Ages. Emerged after feudalism's decline, marking shift to modern state power.
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What was the Reconquista completed by Spain in $1492$?
What was the Reconquista completed by Spain in $1492$?
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The conquest of Granada, ending Muslim rule in Iberia. This victory expelled the last Islamic kingdom from the peninsula.
The conquest of Granada, ending Muslim rule in Iberia. This victory expelled the last Islamic kingdom from the peninsula.
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What English dynasty began with Henry VII after the Wars of the Roses ended in $1485$?
What English dynasty began with Henry VII after the Wars of the Roses ended in $1485$?
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The Tudor dynasty. Henry Tudor defeated Richard III to establish this dynasty.
The Tudor dynasty. Henry Tudor defeated Richard III to establish this dynasty.
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Which Spanish monarchs created dynastic unity by marrying in $1469$?
Which Spanish monarchs created dynastic unity by marrying in $1469$?
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Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile. Their marriage united Spain's two largest kingdoms.
Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile. Their marriage united Spain's two largest kingdoms.
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What policy did Ferdinand and Isabella use to limit the power of the Spanish nobility?
What policy did Ferdinand and Isabella use to limit the power of the Spanish nobility?
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Use of royal councils and the Hermandad to enforce order. The Hermandad was a royal police force that bypassed noble courts.
Use of royal councils and the Hermandad to enforce order. The Hermandad was a royal police force that bypassed noble courts.
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Which French king is most associated with consolidating royal power after the Hundred Years’ War?
Which French king is most associated with consolidating royal power after the Hundred Years’ War?
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Louis XI. Known as the "Spider King" for his cunning political tactics.
Louis XI. Known as the "Spider King" for his cunning political tactics.
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What was the primary political goal shared by most New Monarchs?
What was the primary political goal shared by most New Monarchs?
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To reduce noble autonomy and centralize power under the crown. They sought to break feudal fragmentation and create unified kingdoms.
To reduce noble autonomy and centralize power under the crown. They sought to break feudal fragmentation and create unified kingdoms.
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What was Louis XI’s key strategy for weakening great French nobles like Burgundy?
What was Louis XI’s key strategy for weakening great French nobles like Burgundy?
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Diplomacy, alliances, and absorption of rival territories. He avoided direct conflict, preferring intrigue and negotiation.
Diplomacy, alliances, and absorption of rival territories. He avoided direct conflict, preferring intrigue and negotiation.
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Which battle in $1485$ brought Henry VII to the English throne?
Which battle in $1485$ brought Henry VII to the English throne?
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The Battle of Bosworth Field. Henry Tudor's victory ended the York-Lancaster civil war.
The Battle of Bosworth Field. Henry Tudor's victory ended the York-Lancaster civil war.
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What does the term "New Monarchies" refer to in late $15^{\text{th}}$-century Europe?
What does the term "New Monarchies" refer to in late $15^{\text{th}}$-century Europe?
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Centralizing rulers who strengthened royal authority and state power. They emerged after medieval crises to build stronger, unified states.
Centralizing rulers who strengthened royal authority and state power. They emerged after medieval crises to build stronger, unified states.
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What permanent tax did French kings use to fund a standing army in the late Middle Ages?
What permanent tax did French kings use to fund a standing army in the late Middle Ages?
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The taille. This direct royal tax bypassed feudal obligations.
The taille. This direct royal tax bypassed feudal obligations.
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