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This deck focuses on National Unification And Diplomatic Tensions, giving you a quick way to review the definitions, rules, and examples that matter most for AP European History.
AP European History Flashcards: National Unification And Diplomatic Tensions
Study National Unification And Diplomatic Tensions in AP European History with focused flashcards that help you recognize the idea, recall the key rule, and apply it in practice-style prompts.
AP European History
National Unification And Diplomatic Tensions
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QUESTION
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What was the primary goal of the Congress of Vienna?
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ANSWER
Restore balance of power. Prevented any single power from dominating Europe again.
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Flashcard 1: What was the primary goal of the Congress of Vienna?
Answer: Restore balance of power. Prevented any single power from dominating Europe again.
Flashcard 2: Identify the city where the German Empire was proclaimed in 1871.
Answer: Versailles. Symbolic location in French palace for German Empire proclamation.
Flashcard 3: What region did Italy gain from Austria in 1866?
Answer: Venetia. Acquired as reward for supporting Prussia against Austria.
Flashcard 4: What year did the German Empire officially unify under Prussian leadership?
Answer:
Flashcard 5: Identify the city where the German Empire was proclaimed in 1871.
Answer: Versailles. Symbolic location in French palace for German Empire proclamation.
Flashcard 6: What political ideology was a driving force behind 19th-century European unifications?
Answer: Nationalism. Belief that nations should form independent, unified states.
Flashcard 7: What significant event did the Ems Telegram precipitate?
Answer: Franco-Prussian War. Bismarck's edited dispatch provoked French declaration of war.
Flashcard 8: Which war led to the dissolution of the German Confederation?
Answer: Austro-Prussian War. Prussian victory ended Austrian influence in German affairs.
Flashcard 9: What is the term for the political movement aiming for a unified Italy?
Answer: Risorgimento. Italian national revival movement meaning 'resurgence' or 'rising again'.
Flashcard 10: What year was the Treaty of Frankfurt signed?
Answer:
Flashcard 11: What significant event did the Ems Telegram precipitate?
Answer: Franco-Prussian War. Bismarck's edited dispatch provoked French declaration of war.
Flashcard 12: What was the main goal of the Second Schleswig War?
Answer: Annexation of Schleswig and Holstein. Prussia and Austria defeated Denmark to gain these duchies.
Flashcard 13: What year did the Austro-Prussian War occur?
Answer:
Flashcard 14: What was the main objective of the Zollverein in 19th-century Germany?
Answer: Economic unity among German states. Prussian-led customs union promoted German economic integration.
Flashcard 15: Who was the Austrian Emperor during the Ausgleich of 1867?
Answer: Franz Joseph I. Agreed to compromise creating dual monarchy with Hungary.
Flashcard 16: Who was the king of Italy at the time of unification?
Answer: Victor Emmanuel II. Piedmontese king who became first ruler of unified Italy.
Flashcard 17: What year did the Austro-Prussian War occur?
Answer:
Flashcard 18: Which 1866 war helped unify northern German states under Prussian rule?
Answer: Austro-Prussian War. Excluded Austria from German affairs and created North German Confederation.
Flashcard 19: Which Congress redrew the map of Europe after the Napoleonic Wars?
Answer: Congress of Vienna. Established post-Napoleonic European order from 1814-1815.
Flashcard 20: What was the primary goal of the League of Three Emperors?
Answer: Maintain conservative order in Europe. Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia against liberalism.
Flashcard 21: What year marked the end of the Holy Roman Empire?
Answer:
Flashcard 22: What key event in 1861 marked the beginning of Italian unification?
Answer: Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy. Victor Emmanuel II declared first king of unified Italy.
Flashcard 23: Identify the treaty that established the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary.
Answer: Austro-Hungarian Compromise. Formal agreement creating the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy system.
Flashcard 24: Who was the first Chancellor of the unified German Empire?
Answer: Otto von Bismarck. Led German unification through realpolitik and three wars.
Flashcard 25: What was the primary goal of the Congress of Vienna?
Answer: Restore balance of power. Prevented any single power from dominating Europe again.
Flashcard 26: What was the primary diplomatic strategy used by Bismarck to isolate France?
Answer: Alliance System. Created network of treaties to prevent French revenge coalition.
Flashcard 27: Which event marked the end of the Papal States?
Answer: Capture of Rome. Italian troops entered Rome when French garrison withdrew in 1870.
Flashcard 28: Which event marked the end of the Papal States?
Answer: Capture of Rome. Italian troops entered Rome when French garrison withdrew in 1870.
Flashcard 29: In what year was the Austro-Hungarian Compromise signed?
Answer:
Flashcard 30: What is the term for the political movement aiming for a unified Italy?
Answer: Risorgimento. Italian national revival movement meaning 'resurgence' or 'rising again'.
Flashcard 31: In what year was the Austro-Hungarian Compromise signed?
Answer:
Flashcard 32: Which French ruler waged war against Prussia in 1870?
Answer: Napoleon III. French emperor who declared war on Prussia in 1870.
Flashcard 33: What was the main goal of the Second Schleswig War?
Answer: Annexation of Schleswig and Holstein. Prussia and Austria defeated Denmark to gain these duchies.
Flashcard 34: Name the alliance formed by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy in 1882.
Answer: Triple Alliance. Defensive alliance to counter French and Russian threats.
Flashcard 35: What was the primary outcome of the Franco-Prussian War for France?
Answer: Loss of Alsace-Lorraine. Territory ceded to Germany after French defeat in 1871.
Flashcard 36: What region did Italy gain from Austria in 1866?
Answer: Venetia. Acquired as reward for supporting Prussia against Austria.
Flashcard 37: Who was the prominent leader of the Red Shirts in Italy?
Answer: Giuseppe Garibaldi. Charismatic revolutionary who conquered southern Italy for unification.
Flashcard 38: What year did the Treaty of Villafranca occur?
Answer:
Flashcard 39: What was the primary diplomatic strategy used by Bismarck to isolate France?
Answer: Alliance System. Created network of treaties to prevent French revenge coalition.
Flashcard 40: Which French ruler waged war against Prussia in 1870?
Answer: Napoleon III. French emperor who declared war on Prussia in 1870.
Flashcard 41: Who was the first Chancellor of the unified German Empire?
Answer: Otto von Bismarck. Led German unification through realpolitik and three wars.
Flashcard 42: What was the result of the Crimean War for Russia?
Answer: Loss of influence in the Balkans. Defeat weakened Russian prestige and Black Sea position.
Flashcard 43: What political ideology was a driving force behind 19th-century European unifications?
Answer: Nationalism. Belief that nations should form independent, unified states.
Flashcard 44: What was the primary goal of the League of Three Emperors?
Answer: Maintain conservative order in Europe. Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia against liberalism.
Flashcard 45: What was the primary outcome of the Franco-Prussian War for France?
Answer: Loss of Alsace-Lorraine. Territory ceded to Germany after French defeat in 1871.
Flashcard 46: Which treaty concluded the Austro-Prussian War?
Answer: Treaty of Prague. Ended Seven Weeks' War and excluded Austria from Germany.
Flashcard 47: Who was the king of Italy at the time of unification?
Answer: Victor Emmanuel II. Piedmontese king who became first ruler of unified Italy.
Flashcard 48: What was the main objective of the Zollverein in 19th-century Germany?
Answer: Economic unity among German states. Prussian-led customs union promoted German economic integration.
Flashcard 49: What treaty ended the Franco-Prussian War?
Answer: Treaty of Frankfurt. Imposed heavy indemnity and territorial losses on France.
Flashcard 50: What year did the Treaty of Villafranca occur?
Answer:
Flashcard 51: What year was the Treaty of Frankfurt signed?
Answer:
Flashcard 52: What was the primary purpose of the Ems Dispatch?
Answer: Provoking the Franco-Prussian War. Bismarck's edited telegram inflamed French opinion against Prussia.
Flashcard 53: Which Congress redrew the map of Europe after the Napoleonic Wars?
Answer: Congress of Vienna. Established post-Napoleonic European order from 1814-1815.
Flashcard 54: Name the alliance formed by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy in 1882.
Answer: Triple Alliance. Defensive alliance to counter French and Russian threats.
Flashcard 55: Who was the prominent leader of the Red Shirts in Italy?
Answer: Giuseppe Garibaldi. Charismatic revolutionary who conquered southern Italy for unification.
Flashcard 56: Identify the kingdom that led the unification of Italy.
Answer: Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia. Provided leadership and constitutional monarchy for unified Italy.
Flashcard 57: What was the primary purpose of the Ems Dispatch?
Answer: Provoking the Franco-Prussian War. Bismarck's edited telegram inflamed French opinion against Prussia.
Flashcard 58: What year did the German Empire officially unify under Prussian leadership?
Answer:
Flashcard 59: What year did Italy achieve national unification?
Answer:
Flashcard 60: What was the result of the Crimean War for Russia?
Answer: Loss of influence in the Balkans. Defeat weakened Russian prestige and Black Sea position.
Flashcard 61: What year marked the end of the Holy Roman Empire?
Answer:
Flashcard 62: Identify the kingdom that led the unification of Italy.
Answer: Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia. Provided leadership and constitutional monarchy for unified Italy.
Flashcard 63: What year did Italy achieve national unification?
Answer:
Flashcard 64: Which 1866 war helped unify northern German states under Prussian rule?
Answer: Austro-Prussian War. Excluded Austria from German affairs and created North German Confederation.
Flashcard 65: What key event in 1861 marked the beginning of Italian unification?
Answer: Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy. Victor Emmanuel II declared first king of unified Italy.
Flashcard 66: Which treaty concluded the Austro-Prussian War?
Answer: Treaty of Prague. Ended Seven Weeks' War and excluded Austria from Germany.
Flashcard 67: Which war led to the dissolution of the German Confederation?
Answer: Austro-Prussian War. Prussian victory ended Austrian influence in German affairs.
Flashcard 68: Identify the treaty that established the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary.
Answer: Austro-Hungarian Compromise. Formal agreement creating the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy system.
Flashcard 69: What treaty ended the Franco-Prussian War?
Answer: Treaty of Frankfurt. Imposed heavy indemnity and territorial losses on France.
Flashcard 70: Who was the Austrian Emperor during the Ausgleich of 1867?
Answer: Franz Joseph I. Agreed to compromise creating dual monarchy with Hungary.