Enlightened and Other Approaches to Power - AP European History
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What is a key feature of Mercantilism?
What is a key feature of Mercantilism?
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Government control of trade. State regulation to achieve favorable balance.
Government control of trade. State regulation to achieve favorable balance.
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Identify a key principle of Enlightenment thought.
Identify a key principle of Enlightenment thought.
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Reason and individualism. Emphasized logic and personal freedom.
Reason and individualism. Emphasized logic and personal freedom.
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What was the purpose of the Encyclopédie?
What was the purpose of the Encyclopédie?
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To compile knowledge and promote Enlightenment ideas. Spread Enlightenment through systematic organization.
To compile knowledge and promote Enlightenment ideas. Spread Enlightenment through systematic organization.
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What was the primary focus of Enlightenment salons?
What was the primary focus of Enlightenment salons?
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Intellectual exchange. Elite gatherings spread new philosophical ideas.
Intellectual exchange. Elite gatherings spread new philosophical ideas.
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What economic policy did Adam Smith advocate?
What economic policy did Adam Smith advocate?
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Laissez-faire. Government should not interfere with markets.
Laissez-faire. Government should not interfere with markets.
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What did the Pragmatic Sanction aim to secure?
What did the Pragmatic Sanction aim to secure?
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Maria Theresa's succession. Ensured female inheritance of Habsburg throne.
Maria Theresa's succession. Ensured female inheritance of Habsburg throne.
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Which Enlightenment thinker promoted separation of powers?
Which Enlightenment thinker promoted separation of powers?
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Montesquieu. Advocated checks and balances in government.
Montesquieu. Advocated checks and balances in government.
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What did the Pragmatic Sanction aim to secure?
What did the Pragmatic Sanction aim to secure?
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Maria Theresa's succession. Ensured female inheritance of Habsburg throne.
Maria Theresa's succession. Ensured female inheritance of Habsburg throne.
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Which monarch is known as the 'philosopher king'?
Which monarch is known as the 'philosopher king'?
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Frederick the Great. Prussian king who promoted Enlightenment ideals.
Frederick the Great. Prussian king who promoted Enlightenment ideals.
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What is Enlightened Absolutism?
What is Enlightened Absolutism?
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Monarchs implementing Enlightenment ideas while maintaining power. Combined rational reforms with absolute rule.
Monarchs implementing Enlightenment ideas while maintaining power. Combined rational reforms with absolute rule.
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What was the main goal of the Congress of Vienna?
What was the main goal of the Congress of Vienna?
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Restore balance of power in Europe. Prevented any nation from dominating Europe.
Restore balance of power in Europe. Prevented any nation from dominating Europe.
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Name the treaty that ended the War of Austrian Succession.
Name the treaty that ended the War of Austrian Succession.
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Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Concluded conflict over Austrian throne (1748).
Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Concluded conflict over Austrian throne (1748).
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What economic policy did Adam Smith advocate?
What economic policy did Adam Smith advocate?
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Laissez-faire. Government should not interfere with markets.
Laissez-faire. Government should not interfere with markets.
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Name the document that limited the power of the English monarchy in 1689.
Name the document that limited the power of the English monarchy in 1689.
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Bill of Rights. Guaranteed parliamentary control over monarchy.
Bill of Rights. Guaranteed parliamentary control over monarchy.
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Which philosopher's ideas influenced Enlightened Absolutism?
Which philosopher's ideas influenced Enlightened Absolutism?
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Voltaire. Promoted reason, tolerance, and reform ideas.
Voltaire. Promoted reason, tolerance, and reform ideas.
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Identify a key result of the Glorious Revolution.
Identify a key result of the Glorious Revolution.
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Constitutional monarchy established. Limited royal power through Parliament.
Constitutional monarchy established. Limited royal power through Parliament.
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What is Voltaire best known for advocating?
What is Voltaire best known for advocating?
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Freedom of speech and religion. Defended civil liberties against oppression.
Freedom of speech and religion. Defended civil liberties against oppression.
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What did the Edict of Toleration in Austria accomplish?
What did the Edict of Toleration in Austria accomplish?
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Religious freedom for non-Catholics. Ended Catholic monopoly on worship.
Religious freedom for non-Catholics. Ended Catholic monopoly on worship.
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Who is credited with the phrase 'I think, therefore I am'?
Who is credited with the phrase 'I think, therefore I am'?
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René Descartes. Founded modern philosophy on rational doubt.
René Descartes. Founded modern philosophy on rational doubt.
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Identify a major outcome of the Treaty of Westphalia.
Identify a major outcome of the Treaty of Westphalia.
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End of the Thirty Years' War. Established principle of state sovereignty.
End of the Thirty Years' War. Established principle of state sovereignty.
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Name a cultural achievement of Louis XIV's reign.
Name a cultural achievement of Louis XIV's reign.
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Palace of Versailles. Symbol of absolute monarchy's grandeur.
Palace of Versailles. Symbol of absolute monarchy's grandeur.
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What is the 'General Will' according to Rousseau?
What is the 'General Will' according to Rousseau?
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Collective interest of the people. Democratic ideal beyond individual self-interest.
Collective interest of the people. Democratic ideal beyond individual self-interest.
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Who was the monarch during the Seven Years' War in Prussia?
Who was the monarch during the Seven Years' War in Prussia?
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Frederick the Great. Led Prussia in major European conflict.
Frederick the Great. Led Prussia in major European conflict.
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Which ruler enacted the Charter of Nobility?
Which ruler enacted the Charter of Nobility?
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Catherine the Great. Formalized privileges of Russian nobility.
Catherine the Great. Formalized privileges of Russian nobility.
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Identify one objective of the Enlightenment.
Identify one objective of the Enlightenment.
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Progress and reform in society. Sought to improve human condition through reason.
Progress and reform in society. Sought to improve human condition through reason.
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What was the significance of the Edict of Nantes?
What was the significance of the Edict of Nantes?
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Granted religious freedom to Huguenots. Protected Protestant minority from persecution.
Granted religious freedom to Huguenots. Protected Protestant minority from persecution.
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Who wrote 'The Wealth of Nations'?
Who wrote 'The Wealth of Nations'?
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Adam Smith. Father of modern economics and capitalism.
Adam Smith. Father of modern economics and capitalism.
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What was the primary aim of the Physiocrats?
What was the primary aim of the Physiocrats?
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Economic reform through agriculture. Believed land was source of all wealth.
Economic reform through agriculture. Believed land was source of all wealth.
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Identify the main goal of Mercantilism.
Identify the main goal of Mercantilism.
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Increase state wealth by maximizing exports. Accumulate gold and maintain trade surplus.
Increase state wealth by maximizing exports. Accumulate gold and maintain trade surplus.
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What was one result of the War of Spanish Succession?
What was one result of the War of Spanish Succession?
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Treaty of Utrecht. Ended French dominance under Louis XIV.
Treaty of Utrecht. Ended French dominance under Louis XIV.
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