Continuity and Change in 18th-Century States - AP European History
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Who was the first Prime Minister of Great Britain?
Who was the first Prime Minister of Great Britain?
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Sir Robert Walpole. Established parliamentary government system in constitutional monarchy.
Sir Robert Walpole. Established parliamentary government system in constitutional monarchy.
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Which 18th-century invention revolutionized the textile industry?
Which 18th-century invention revolutionized the textile industry?
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Spinning Jenny. Mechanized spinning process, increasing textile production efficiency.
Spinning Jenny. Mechanized spinning process, increasing textile production efficiency.
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What was the dominant political structure in 18th-century France?
What was the dominant political structure in 18th-century France?
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Absolute Monarchy. Centralized royal power under Louis XIV's model of divine right.
Absolute Monarchy. Centralized royal power under Louis XIV's model of divine right.
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Name the 18th-century movement that emphasized reason and science.
Name the 18th-century movement that emphasized reason and science.
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The Enlightenment. Promoted rational inquiry over traditional religious authority.
The Enlightenment. Promoted rational inquiry over traditional religious authority.
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Which 18th-century war is known as the first 'world war'?
Which 18th-century war is known as the first 'world war'?
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Seven Years' War. Fought across multiple continents involving major European powers.
Seven Years' War. Fought across multiple continents involving major European powers.
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Who was the first Prime Minister of Great Britain?
Who was the first Prime Minister of Great Britain?
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Sir Robert Walpole. Established parliamentary government system in constitutional monarchy.
Sir Robert Walpole. Established parliamentary government system in constitutional monarchy.
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Identify the author of 'A Vindication of the Rights of Woman'.
Identify the author of 'A Vindication of the Rights of Woman'.
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Mary Wollstonecraft. Pioneered women's rights arguments during Enlightenment era.
Mary Wollstonecraft. Pioneered women's rights arguments during Enlightenment era.
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Which philosopher advocated for the separation of powers in government?
Which philosopher advocated for the separation of powers in government?
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Montesquieu. Influenced American constitution with executive, legislative, judicial branches.
Montesquieu. Influenced American constitution with executive, legislative, judicial branches.
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Which event in 1789 marked the beginning of the French Revolution?
Which event in 1789 marked the beginning of the French Revolution?
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Storming of the Bastille. Symbolized popular uprising against royal tyranny and privilege.
Storming of the Bastille. Symbolized popular uprising against royal tyranny and privilege.
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Name the 18th-century war that was part of the Seven Years' War in North America.
Name the 18th-century war that was part of the Seven Years' War in North America.
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French and Indian War. Colonial theater of global Seven Years' War between European powers.
French and Indian War. Colonial theater of global Seven Years' War between European powers.
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What was the impact of the Enlightenment on 18th-century political thought?
What was the impact of the Enlightenment on 18th-century political thought?
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Challenged absolute monarchy. Popular sovereignty and natural rights undermined divine right theory.
Challenged absolute monarchy. Popular sovereignty and natural rights undermined divine right theory.
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What was the significant effect of the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century?
What was the significant effect of the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century?
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Urbanization. Factory system concentrated workers in cities, transforming society.
Urbanization. Factory system concentrated workers in cities, transforming society.
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What economic theory did Adam Smith challenge in 'The Wealth of Nations'?
What economic theory did Adam Smith challenge in 'The Wealth of Nations'?
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Mercantilism. Critiqued state intervention in favor of free market principles.
Mercantilism. Critiqued state intervention in favor of free market principles.
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What was the primary language of the European Enlightenment?
What was the primary language of the European Enlightenment?
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French. Served as lingua franca for intellectual discourse across Europe.
French. Served as lingua franca for intellectual discourse across Europe.
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Identify the 18th-century Prussian ruler known for military reforms.
Identify the 18th-century Prussian ruler known for military reforms.
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Frederick the Great. Built Prussia into major European power through military innovation.
Frederick the Great. Built Prussia into major European power through military innovation.
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What was a major effect of the Agricultural Revolution in the 18th century?
What was a major effect of the Agricultural Revolution in the 18th century?
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Increased food production. Supported population growth and urbanization trends.
Increased food production. Supported population growth and urbanization trends.
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What did the Act of Union 1707 achieve?
What did the Act of Union 1707 achieve?
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Unified England and Scotland. Created Kingdom of Great Britain from separate nations.
Unified England and Scotland. Created Kingdom of Great Britain from separate nations.
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What did the Enlightenment promote as a means of understanding the world?
What did the Enlightenment promote as a means of understanding the world?
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Reason and scientific method. Rejected tradition and superstition in favor of empirical knowledge.
Reason and scientific method. Rejected tradition and superstition in favor of empirical knowledge.
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Which 18th-century economic policy favored a favorable balance of trade?
Which 18th-century economic policy favored a favorable balance of trade?
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Mercantilism. Sought national wealth through export surplus and gold accumulation.
Mercantilism. Sought national wealth through export surplus and gold accumulation.
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Name the 18th-century ruler known for the slogan 'Enlightened Absolutism'.
Name the 18th-century ruler known for the slogan 'Enlightened Absolutism'.
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Catherine the Great. Combined absolute rule with Enlightenment reforms and religious tolerance.
Catherine the Great. Combined absolute rule with Enlightenment reforms and religious tolerance.
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What was the main focus of the Physiocrats' economic theory?
What was the main focus of the Physiocrats' economic theory?
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Agriculture. Believed agricultural productivity was the source of national wealth.
Agriculture. Believed agricultural productivity was the source of national wealth.
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Identify the country that experienced a significant industrialization in the late 18th century.
Identify the country that experienced a significant industrialization in the late 18th century.
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Great Britain. Led early Industrial Revolution with textile and steam innovations.
Great Britain. Led early Industrial Revolution with textile and steam innovations.
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Which 18th-century thinker is known for his work on political economy?
Which 18th-century thinker is known for his work on political economy?
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Adam Smith. Authored 'The Wealth of Nations' promoting free market economics.
Adam Smith. Authored 'The Wealth of Nations' promoting free market economics.
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Who is the Enlightenment thinker known for his criticism of religion?
Who is the Enlightenment thinker known for his criticism of religion?
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Voltaire. Championed religious tolerance and freedom of speech.
Voltaire. Championed religious tolerance and freedom of speech.
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What was the impact of the Enlightenment on the arts in the 18th century?
What was the impact of the Enlightenment on the arts in the 18th century?
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Neoclassicism. Revival of classical Greek and Roman artistic styles and themes.
Neoclassicism. Revival of classical Greek and Roman artistic styles and themes.
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What was the primary reason for the War of Austrian Succession?
What was the primary reason for the War of Austrian Succession?
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Maria Theresa's right to the throne. European powers disputed Habsburg inheritance through female succession.
Maria Theresa's right to the throne. European powers disputed Habsburg inheritance through female succession.
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Which 18th-century ruler is known for modernizing Russia?
Which 18th-century ruler is known for modernizing Russia?
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Peter the Great. Westernized Russia through military, administrative, and cultural reforms.
Peter the Great. Westernized Russia through military, administrative, and cultural reforms.
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What was the primary goal of the Enlightenment?
What was the primary goal of the Enlightenment?
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To promote reason and individualism. Challenged traditional authority through rational thought and natural rights.
To promote reason and individualism. Challenged traditional authority through rational thought and natural rights.
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Identify the Enlightenment thinker who wrote 'The Social Contract'.
Identify the Enlightenment thinker who wrote 'The Social Contract'.
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Advocated popular sovereignty and general will in political theory.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Advocated popular sovereignty and general will in political theory.
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Which monarch is associated with the phrase 'I am the state'?
Which monarch is associated with the phrase 'I am the state'?
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Louis XIV. Embodied absolute monarchy and divine right theory at Versailles.
Louis XIV. Embodied absolute monarchy and divine right theory at Versailles.
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