AP Biology Flashcards: Population Genetics

Study Population Genetics in AP Biology with focused flashcards that help you recognize the idea, recall the key rule, and apply it in practice-style prompts.

AP Biology

Population Genetics

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QUESTION

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What is the Hardy–Weinberg equation relating allele frequencies for two alleles?

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ANSWER

$p + q = 1$ . Shows that frequencies of two alleles must sum to 1.

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What this deck covers

This deck focuses on Population Genetics, giving you a quick way to review the definitions, rules, and examples that matter most for AP Biology.

How to use these flashcards

Work through these flashcards in short sessions. Try to answer each prompt before flipping the card, then revisit any cards you miss until the explanation feels automatic.

All flashcards

Flashcard 1: What is the Hardy–Weinberg equation relating allele frequencies for two alleles?

Answer: $p + q = 1$ . Shows that frequencies of two alleles must sum to 1.

Flashcard 2: What is stabilizing selection?

Answer: Selection favors intermediate phenotypes; reduces extremes. Maintains population mean while reducing variation around it.

Flashcard 3: What genotype frequency does $2pq$ represent under Hardy–Weinberg?

Answer: Frequency of heterozygous genotype ( $Aa$ ). Factor of 2 accounts for two ways to inherit different alleles ( $Aa$ or $aA$ ).

Flashcard 4: Find $p$ if $q = 0.2$ in a two-allele Hardy–Weinberg model.

Answer: $p = 0.8$ . Since $p + q = 1$ , subtract q from 1 to find p.