All flashcards
Flashcard 1: What is meant by a paragraph’s key concept in RI.8.5 analysis?
Answer: The main idea the paragraph explains, argues, or clarifies. The central point that all other sentences support or develop.
Flashcard 2: Identify the sentence role: “For example, urban trees lower street temperatures.”
Answer: Example. "For example" signals a specific instance will follow.
Flashcard 3: What is the central purpose of analyzing a paragraph’s structure in informational text?
Answer: To explain how sentences develop and refine a key concept. Understanding structure reveals how authors build and support their ideas.
Flashcard 4: What is the function of an explanation sentence after evidence is presented?
Answer: It connects the evidence to the key concept or claim. Shows why the evidence matters and how it proves the point.
Flashcard 5: Which option best describes a sentence that refines a key concept: add new topic or clarify meaning?
Answer: Clarify meaning. Refining means making clearer, not introducing new topics.
Flashcard 6: What is the role of a concluding sentence in a well-structured paragraph?
Answer: It reinforces the key concept and signals closure or a shift. Wraps up the discussion and transitions to the next idea.
Flashcard 7: What is a topic sentence in an informational paragraph?
Answer: A sentence that states the paragraph’s main idea or claim. Usually appears first and introduces what the paragraph will discuss.
Flashcard 8: What is the function of an evidence sentence in an informational paragraph?
Answer: It supports a claim with facts, data, quotations, or details. Provides proof to make the argument credible and convincing.
Flashcard 9: Identify the sentence role: “In other words, the system rewards efficiency.”
Answer: Restatement/clarification. "In other words" signals the same idea in different terms.
Flashcard 10: What is the function of a definition sentence within an informational paragraph?
Answer: It explains the meaning of an important term or concept. Ensures readers understand key vocabulary before proceeding.
Flashcard 11: Which organizational pattern best fits a paragraph that explains steps in a process in order?
Answer: Sequence/chronological order. Time order shows the progression from first to last step.
Flashcard 12: Which organizational pattern best fits a paragraph that lists similarities and differences?
Answer: Compare-and-contrast. This pattern shows how things are alike and different.
Flashcard 13: What does a sentence that provides a counterclaim or opposing view usually do in a paragraph?
Answer: It acknowledges an objection to strengthen the overall reasoning. Shows the author considered other viewpoints before concluding.
Flashcard 14: Identify the best description of coherence in a paragraph’s structure.
Answer: Ideas are logically ordered and linked with clear connections. Coherent paragraphs flow smoothly from one idea to the next.
Flashcard 15: Which organizational pattern best fits a paragraph that explains why something happens and its results?
Answer: Cause-and-effect. Shows relationships between actions and their consequences.
Flashcard 16: What is the purpose of a rebuttal sentence following a counterclaim?
Answer: It responds to the objection and restores the author’s position. Defends against the counterclaim to maintain the argument.
Flashcard 17: Which transition most strongly signals cause and effect: “therefore” or “meanwhile”?
Answer: Therefore. "Therefore" shows one thing results from another.
Flashcard 18: Which transition most strongly signals contrast between sentences: “however” or “for instance”?
Answer: However. "However" introduces an opposing or contrasting idea.
Flashcard 19: Identify the sentence role: “This means the policy reduces costs over time.”
Answer: Explanation/interpretation. "This means" signals the writer is interpreting evidence.
Flashcard 20: What is the function of an example sentence within an informational paragraph?
Answer: It illustrates an idea with a specific case or instance. Makes abstract concepts concrete through real-world instances.
Flashcard 21: What is the most accurate way to describe a sentence that narrows a broad idea into a specific claim?
Answer: It refines the key concept by increasing specificity. Moving from general to specific adds precision and clarity.
Flashcard 22: Which option best describes a paragraph that states the main idea first and then gives evidence?
Answer: Deductive structure (main idea first, then support). General claim is proven through specific supporting details.
Flashcard 23: Which option best describes a paragraph that begins with examples and ends by stating the main idea?
Answer: Inductive structure (examples lead to the main idea). Specific examples build up to a general conclusion.
Flashcard 24: What is the role of supporting detail sentences in a well-structured informational paragraph?
Answer: They explain, prove, or elaborate on the key concept. Supporting details provide evidence and development for the main point.
Flashcard 25: What is the primary purpose of a paragraph’s topic sentence in an informational text?
Answer: It states the paragraph’s main idea or key concept. Topic sentences introduce what the entire paragraph will discuss.
Flashcard 26: Which revision best improves structure by adding a clear topic sentence at the start?
Answer: Add a sentence that states the paragraph’s key concept first. Topic sentences establish focus before providing details.
Flashcard 27: Identify the sentence role: “As a result, many cities have banned single-use plastic bags.”
Answer: Cause-and-effect sentence. "As a result" shows the effect of the previously stated cause.
Flashcard 28: What is the function of a statistic or data sentence in an informational paragraph?
Answer: It provides measurable evidence supporting the key concept. Numbers and data offer concrete proof for claims.
Flashcard 29: Identify the sentence role: “This shows that plastic waste harms marine food chains.”
Answer: Analysis/interpretation sentence. "This shows" signals the writer is explaining what evidence means.
Flashcard 30: Identify the sentence role: “For instance, sea turtles often mistake bags for jellyfish.”
Answer: Example sentence. "For instance" introduces a specific case illustrating the concept.