All flashcards
Flashcard 1: What term describes an animal that eats both plants and animals in an energy model?
Answer: Omnivore. Omnivores can obtain energy from both plant and animal sources.
Flashcard 2: What term describes an animal that eats other animals in an energy model?
Answer: Carnivore. Carnivores are consumers that obtain energy only from other animals.
Flashcard 3: What is a food chain model?
Answer: A model showing who eats whom and how energy moves. Shows linear energy flow from producers through consumers.
Flashcard 4: What is a food web model?
Answer: A model of many connected food chains in an ecosystem. Shows complex feeding relationships and energy pathways.
Flashcard 5: Which direction should arrows point in an energy transfer model: toward the eater or toward the eaten?
Answer: Toward the eater (the organism receiving energy). Arrows show energy flow direction from food source to consumer.
Flashcard 6: What process do plants use to turn sunlight into stored chemical energy (food)?
Answer: Photosynthesis. Plants convert light energy into glucose using chlorophyll.
Flashcard 7: In a food chain, what is the correct order: producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer?
Answer: Producer → primary consumer → secondary consumer. Energy flows from plants to herbivores to carnivores.
Flashcard 8: Identify the producer in this chain: grass → rabbit → hawk.
Answer: Grass. Grass produces its own food using sunlight energy.
Flashcard 9: Identify the primary consumer in this chain: grass → rabbit → hawk.
Answer: Rabbit. Rabbit eats the grass, making it the first consumer.
Flashcard 10: Identify the secondary consumer in this chain: grass → rabbit → hawk.
Answer: Hawk. Hawk eats the rabbit, making it the second-level consumer.
Flashcard 11: What is the original source of most energy in a food chain that starts with plants?
Answer: The Sun. Plants capture solar energy through photosynthesis to start food chains.
Flashcard 12: What is a producer in an energy transfer model involving plants and animals?
Answer: An organism that makes its own food, usually a plant. Producers convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
Flashcard 13: What is a consumer in an energy transfer model involving plants and animals?
Answer: An organism that gets energy by eating other organisms. Consumers cannot make their own food and must eat to obtain energy.
Flashcard 14: What term describes an animal that eats only plants in an energy model?
Answer: Herbivore. Herbivores are primary consumers that get energy directly from plants.
Flashcard 15: Choose the correct arrow direction for energy transfer: plant and deer.
Answer: Plant → deer. Arrow points from plant to deer showing energy transfer.
Flashcard 16: In the chain seeds → mouse → snake, which organism has energy that originally came from the Sun?
Answer: All of them (seeds, mouse, and snake). All energy in food chains originates from the Sun.
Flashcard 17: Which organism receives energy directly from the plant in this chain: algae → fish → heron?
Answer: Fish. Fish eats algae directly, receiving its stored energy.
Flashcard 18: What do decomposers do in an ecosystem energy model after plants and animals die?
Answer: They break down dead matter and recycle nutrients. Decomposers return nutrients to soil for plants to use.
Flashcard 19: Identify the herbivore in this chain: tree leaves → caterpillar → bird.
Answer: Caterpillar. Caterpillar only eats plants (tree leaves).
Flashcard 20: Which model correctly shows energy transfer: Sun → plant → rabbit or rabbit → plant → Sun?
Answer: Sun → plant → rabbit. Energy flows from Sun to producers to consumers.
Flashcard 21: What is the term for an organism that must get energy by eating other organisms?
Answer: Consumer. Consumers cannot make their own food and depend on other organisms for energy.
Flashcard 22: What is the term for a consumer that eats primary consumers?
Answer: Secondary consumer. Second-level consumers feed on herbivores (primary consumers).
Flashcard 23: What is the term for organisms that break down dead plants and animals and recycle nutrients?
Answer: Decomposers. These organisms recycle nutrients back to soil for producers to use.
Flashcard 24: Which model shows more connected feeding relationships: a food chain or a food web?
Answer: Food web. Food webs show multiple interconnected chains, unlike single linear chains.
Flashcard 25: Which organism gets energy directly from plants in this chain: corn → mouse → owl?
Answer: Mouse. Mouse feeds directly on corn (the producer) in this chain.
Flashcard 26: What is the name for a consumer that eats both plants and animals?
Answer: Omnivore. These consumers have varied diets including both plant and animal sources.
Flashcard 27: What is the name for a consumer that eats only animals?
Answer: Carnivore. These meat-eating consumers get energy from other animals only.
Flashcard 28: What is the name for a consumer that eats only plants?
Answer: Herbivore. These plant-eating consumers get energy directly from producers.
Flashcard 29: Which direction does energy move in a food chain: from prey to predator or predator to prey?
Answer: From prey to predator. Energy flows from the organism being eaten to the one eating it.
Flashcard 30: What do the arrows in a food chain model show: the direction of energy flow or who is bigger?
Answer: Direction of energy flow. Arrows point from eaten to eater, showing energy transfer path.