All flashcards
Flashcard 1: What is an unseen particle in matter that is too small to see directly, such as an atom or molecule?
Answer: A tiny piece of matter, such as an atom or molecule, that cannot be seen directly. These particles are too small for our eyes or regular microscopes to detect.
Flashcard 2: What inference about gas particles is supported when a closed soda bottle hisses when opened?
Answer: Pressurized gas particles were inside and escaped when the cap was removed. Dissolved CO₂ particles escape when pressure is released.
Flashcard 3: What observation provides evidence that gases are compressible because particles have spaces between them?
Answer: Air in a syringe can be compressed into a smaller volume. Particles can move closer together when pressure is applied.
Flashcard 4: What is the key evidence that a gas is present even if it is invisible?
Answer: It can exert pressure, take up space, or cause movement of objects. These observable effects prove invisible gas particles are present.
Flashcard 5: Which conclusion is supported when a wet towel dries faster on a windy day than on a still day?
Answer: Water particles evaporate and are carried away, allowing more to evaporate. Wind removes water vapor, maintaining the concentration gradient.
Flashcard 6: What inference is supported when steam fogs a cold mirror and then forms liquid droplets?
Answer: Water particles in gas form condense into liquid particles on the cold surface. Temperature change causes phase transition from gas to liquid.
Flashcard 7: Which claim is best supported by evidence from diffusion, dissolving, and compression observations?
Answer: All matter is made of tiny particles that move and have spaces between them. These phenomena all demonstrate particle behavior and properties.
Flashcard 8: Which observation best supports that matter is conserved even when particles cannot be seen?
Answer: Mass stays the same before and after a substance dissolves in a closed container. Particles rearrange but total mass remains constant.
Flashcard 9: What inference about salt is supported when salt seems to disappear in water but the water tastes salty?
Answer: Salt particles spread throughout the water even when not visible. Salt breaks into tiny particles distributed throughout the solution.
Flashcard 10: What is the name of the process where a solid dissolves in a liquid because particles separate and mix?
Answer: Dissolving. The solid breaks into individual particles that mix with liquid particles.
Flashcard 11: What inference is supported when perfume spreads faster in a warm room than in a cold room?
Answer: Warmer temperatures make gas particles move faster, increasing diffusion. Faster-moving particles spread and mix more quickly.
Flashcard 12: Which statement correctly links temperature to particle motion: higher temperature means faster motion or slower motion?
Answer: Higher temperature means faster particle motion. Heat energy increases the kinetic energy of particles.
Flashcard 13: Which observation best supports that air is made of particles: a sealed syringe resists being pushed or not?
Answer: A sealed syringe resists being pushed. The resistance shows air particles take up space and can't be compressed infinitely.
Flashcard 14: What conclusion about particles is supported when a balloon expands as air is blown into it?
Answer: Air is matter made of particles that take up space. The balloon stretches because air particles need room inside.
Flashcard 15: Which property of gases explains why a smell spreads across a room without being carried by wind?
Answer: Diffusion of gas particles. Gas particles move randomly and spread from high to low concentration.
Flashcard 16: What inference is supported when food coloring spreads through still water over time?
Answer: Water and dye are made of moving particles that mix by diffusion. Particles naturally spread from high to low concentration without stirring.
Flashcard 17: Which inference is supported when pollen grains jitter under a microscope in still water?
Answer: Invisible water molecules are moving and colliding with the pollen. The jittering proves water contains moving particles we can't see.
Flashcard 18: What inference about air particles is supported when a vacuum-sealed bag shrinks as air is removed?
Answer: Air particles take up space and can be removed from a container. Removing particles creates empty space, causing the bag to collapse.
Flashcard 19: What observation supports that gases are matter even though they are invisible?
Answer: A filled ball has more mass than an empty ball. Gas particles have mass even though we can't see them.
Flashcard 20: Identify the best inference: You smell perfume across a room. What does this suggest about air?
Answer: Air contains moving particles that spread the perfume molecules. Perfume molecules mix with air particles that carry them throughout the room.
Flashcard 21: What observation supports that gas particles can exert force and do work?
Answer: Wind can move leaves or push a sail. Moving gas particles transfer momentum when they collide with objects.
Flashcard 22: What is the name of the process where liquid particles escape into the air at the surface?
Answer: Evaporation. Surface particles with enough energy escape from liquid to gas phase.
Flashcard 23: Which observation best supports that dissolved particles remain in the water: clear water, or crystals left after evaporation?
Answer: Crystals left after evaporation. Evaporating water leaves dissolved particles behind as visible crystals.
Flashcard 24: Which change is evidence that particles move faster when heated: dye spreads faster in warm water, or ice forms in a freezer?
Answer: Dye spreads faster in warm water. Heat increases particle motion, making dye spread faster; freezing slows particles.
Flashcard 25: What is the main scientific skill used when you conclude unseen particles exist based on observations?
Answer: Making an inference from evidence. Scientists use evidence to draw conclusions about things they cannot directly observe.
Flashcard 26: Which state of matter has particles far apart and moving freely: solid, liquid, or gas?
Answer: Gas. Gas particles have high energy and move independently with large spaces between them.
Flashcard 27: What observation supports that dissolving does not destroy matter but spreads particles through a solution?
Answer: Salt seems to disappear but the water tastes salty. Salt particles separate and spread between water molecules but remain present.
Flashcard 28: Identify the best inference: a drop of ink spreads in water; what does this imply about water?
Answer: Water is made of moving particles with spaces. Ink spreading shows water particles are moving and have gaps.
Flashcard 29: Which change is evidence of evaporation: a puddle disappears, or a stone cracks?
Answer: A puddle disappears. Water particles leave the puddle and enter the air.
Flashcard 30: What is the particle-level explanation for why a sealed bag puffs up in the sun?
Answer: Faster-moving air particles push outward more. Heat makes particles move faster and spread apart.