All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Which option best completes this statement: Food energy can be converted into for warmth.
Answer: Heat energy. Chemical energy from food converts to thermal energy.
Flashcard 2: Which organ system transports nutrients and oxygen to body cells for energy use?
Answer: The circulatory system. Blood carries fuel and oxygen to cells throughout the body.
Flashcard 3: Which organ system brings oxygen to cells so they can release energy from food?
Answer: The respiratory system. Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration to release energy.
Flashcard 4: Identify the correct outcome: If an animal uses more energy than it eats, what happens over time?
Answer: It loses mass by using stored energy. Body breaks down fat and muscle when energy intake is insufficient.
Flashcard 5: Identify the correct outcome: If an animal eats more energy than it uses, what happens to the extra energy?
Answer: It is stored, mainly as fat. Excess energy converts to fat for long-term storage.
Flashcard 6: Which body process uses food energy to increase an animal’s size over time?
Answer: Growth. Energy builds new cells and tissues as organisms develop.
Flashcard 7: Which body process uses food energy to repair damaged tissues?
Answer: Tissue repair (building new cells). Energy powers cell division to replace damaged cells.
Flashcard 8: Identify the body system that uses food energy to move the body.
Answer: The muscular system (working with the skeletal system). Muscles pull on bones to create body movements.
Flashcard 9: Which organ system breaks food into smaller molecules that cells can use for energy?
Answer: The digestive system. Breaks down food mechanically and chemically for absorption.
Flashcard 10: What is the main purpose of the energy animals get from food?
Answer: To power life processes such as growth, movement, and warmth. Food energy fuels all activities that keep animals alive.
Flashcard 11: Which option best completes this statement: If an animal eats more energy than it uses, the extra is mostly .
Answer: Stored as fat. Excess calories convert to fat for long-term energy storage.
Flashcard 12: Which option best describes what happens to some food energy during cellular respiration: stored, destroyed, or released as heat?
Answer: Released as heat. Energy conversion is never 100% efficient; some becomes thermal energy.
Flashcard 13: Which type of animal relies mostly on the environment for body heat?
Answer: Ectotherm (cold-blooded animal). Body temperature changes with surroundings to save energy.
Flashcard 14: Which nutrient is the body most likely to use first as a quick energy source?
Answer: Carbohydrates. Simple sugars and starches break down fastest for immediate energy.
Flashcard 15: Which nutrient is most directly used to build and repair body tissues during growth?
Answer: Protein. Amino acids from proteins form the building blocks of new tissues.
Flashcard 16: Which option best completes this statement: If an animal uses more energy than it eats, it will likely .
Answer: Lose mass by using stored energy. Body breaks down fat and muscle tissue when food energy is insufficient.
Flashcard 17: Identify the best explanation for why shivering helps a human stay warm.
Answer: Muscle movement uses energy and produces heat. Rapid muscle contractions burn energy and generate warmth as a byproduct.
Flashcard 18: Which option best explains why a lizard basks in the sun to become more active?
Answer: It gains heat from the environment to power movement. Cold-blooded animals absorb external heat to activate their metabolism.
Flashcard 19: Which type of animal uses food energy to maintain a nearly constant body temperature?
Answer: Endotherm (warm-blooded animal). These animals generate internal heat through metabolism.
Flashcard 20: What is repair in animals best described as, in terms of energy use?
Answer: Using energy to replace or fix damaged cells and tissues. Healing requires energy to rebuild damaged structures.
Flashcard 21: What is growth in animals best described as, in terms of energy use?
Answer: Using energy to build new cells and tissues. Growth requires energy to create proteins and other molecules for new cells.
Flashcard 22: What do muscles use energy from food for during physical activity?
Answer: Muscle contraction for movement. Energy powers the proteins that make muscle fibers shorten and move.
Flashcard 23: Which body system delivers nutrients from digested food to body cells?
Answer: The circulatory system. Blood vessels transport digested nutrients throughout the body.
Flashcard 24: Which body system moves oxygen to cells so they can release energy from food?
Answer: The respiratory system. Lungs take in oxygen needed for cells to release energy from nutrients.
Flashcard 25: What is the process called when an animal breaks down food to release usable energy?
Answer: Digestion. Breaks complex food molecules into simpler nutrients the body can absorb.
Flashcard 26: Choose the best explanation for why young animals need more food energy per body size than adults.
Answer: They need extra energy for rapid growth and development. Growing bodies build new tissues faster, requiring more energy per pound.
Flashcard 27: What is the term for energy stored in the body as fat for later use?
Answer: Energy reserves (stored fat). Body stores excess energy as fat for times when food is scarce.
Flashcard 28: What do animals use energy from food for when they walk, swim, fly, or run?
Answer: Movement (muscle contraction). Muscles need energy to contract and create motion.
Flashcard 29: Identify the correct match: muscles use food energy mainly for growth, movement, or warmth.
Answer: Movement. Muscle contractions require energy to produce force.
Flashcard 30: Identify the correct match: bones and tissues use food energy mainly for growth, movement, or warmth.
Answer: Growth and repair. Building new tissue requires energy and raw materials.