All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Choose the best meaning of “transportation” using morphology (trans + port + -ation).
Answer: The act or process of carrying across. Trans (across) + port (carry) + -ation (process) = carrying across.
Flashcard 2: What does the suffix “-ment” most often signal in a word?
Answer: A noun meaning an act, process, or result. This suffix turns verbs into nouns showing action or state.
Flashcard 3: What does the Greek root “tele” mean in words such as “telephone”?
Answer: Far; distant. This Greek root relates to distance in many technology words.
Flashcard 4: What does the suffix “-less” mean when added to a base word?
Answer: Without. This suffix creates adjectives meaning 'lacking' something.
Flashcard 5: What does the suffix “-ful” mean when added to a base word?
Answer: Full of. This suffix creates adjectives meaning 'having much of' something.
Flashcard 6: What does the prefix “mis-” mean in an unfamiliar word?
Answer: Wrongly; badly. This prefix indicates error or incorrect action.
Flashcard 7: What does the prefix “un-” mean in an unfamiliar word?
Answer: Not; the opposite of. This prefix negates or reverses the base word's meaning.
Flashcard 8: What does the prefix “pre-” mean in an unfamiliar word?
Answer: Before. This prefix indicates something happens earlier in time.
Flashcard 9: What does the syllable type “closed syllable” usually signal about the vowel sound?
Answer: The vowel is usually short. Closed syllables end with consonants, making the vowel short.
Flashcard 10: What is the first decoding step when you meet an unfamiliar multisyllabic word out of context?
Answer: Chunk it into syllables using known syllable patterns. Breaking words into syllables helps decode each part systematically.
Flashcard 11: Identify the syllable division pattern in “pumpkin” and show the split.
Answer: VCC/CV: pump/kin. Keep consonant blends together, then divide after them.
Flashcard 12: Identify the syllable division pattern in “hotel” and show the split.
Answer: VC/V: ho/tel. Divide after the consonant when only one follows a vowel.
Flashcard 13: Identify the syllable division pattern in “rabbit” and show the split.
Answer: VC/CV: rab/bit. Divide between two consonants when they appear together.
Flashcard 14: What is a consonant-le syllable, and where does it usually appear in a word?
Answer: A final syllable like -ble, -cle, -dle after a consonant. These syllables contain a consonant + le at word endings.
Flashcard 15: What does an “r-controlled syllable” mean for the vowel sound?
Answer: The vowel sound is changed by the following r. R controls and modifies the vowel sound before it.
Flashcard 16: What does a “vowel team syllable” mean for pronunciation of the vowel sound?
Answer: Two vowels work together to make one vowel sound. Vowel teams like 'ea' or 'oa' create a single sound together.
Flashcard 17: What does a “silent-e (VCe) syllable” usually signal about the vowel sound?
Answer: The vowel is usually long and the final e is silent. The silent e makes the preceding vowel say its name.
Flashcard 18: What does the syllable type “open syllable” usually signal about the vowel sound?
Answer: The vowel is usually long. Open syllables end with vowels, which say their name (long sound).
Flashcard 19: What does the prefix “re-” mean in an unfamiliar word?
Answer: Again; back. This prefix indicates repetition or return to a previous state.
Flashcard 20: Identify the base word in “carelessness” after removing affixes.
Answer: care. Remove -less (without) and -ness (state) to find the base.
Flashcard 21: Which syllable division pattern is shown by the word "rabbit": rab/bit?
Answer: VC/CV (divide between two consonants). This pattern splits between the double consonants bb.
Flashcard 22: Identify the two most common consonant sounds of the letter c used in decoding words.
Answer: Hard c = /k/; soft c = /s/. C sounds like /k/ before a, o, u and /s/ before e, i, y.
Flashcard 23: Identify the base word in "unhappiness" to help decode and understand it.
Answer: happy. Remove prefixes (un-) and suffixes (-ness) to find the root.
Flashcard 24: Which strategy uses surrounding words to confirm the correct pronunciation of an unfamiliar word?
Answer: Use context clues to check and adjust your pronunciation. Sentence meaning helps determine if your decoded word makes sense.
Flashcard 25: What is the most reliable first step for decoding an unfamiliar multisyllabic word out of context?
Answer: Divide the word into syllables, then blend the syllables. Breaking words into smaller parts makes them easier to read and pronounce.
Flashcard 26: What does the prefix "re-" mean in unfamiliar multisyllabic words?
Answer: Again; back. This prefix indicates repetition or return to a previous state.
Flashcard 27: What does the suffix "-less" mean when added to a base word?
Answer: Without. This suffix creates an adjective meaning lacking something.
Flashcard 28: What does the prefix "un-" mean in unfamiliar multisyllabic words?
Answer: Not; the opposite of. This prefix negates or reverses the meaning of the base word.
Flashcard 29: What does the suffix "-tion" usually signal at the end of a word?
Answer: A noun ending, usually pronounced /shun/. This suffix turns verbs into nouns showing action or result.
Flashcard 30: What does an open syllable usually signal about the vowel sound in that syllable?
Answer: The vowel is usually long (says its name). Open syllables end in a vowel with no consonant blocking it.