1ST GRADE SCIENCE • SPACE SYSTEMS: PATTERNS AND CYCLES

What Does the Sky Do Every Day?

Let's find out why the Sun, Moon, and stars follow the same path across the sky again and again!

What's Happening in the Sky?

🔍 LOOK AT THIS!

This happens every single day! It never skips a day. Isn't that amazing?

The Sun rises in the east, moves high at noon, and sets in the west.
💭 THINK ABOUT IT

Big Ideas About the Sky

The sky changes during the day and night. But these changes happen in a pattern. That means the same things happen again and again.

1

The Sun Moves Across the Sky

Every day, the Sun looks like it moves. It comes up on one side of the sky. It goes across. Then it goes down on the other side. This happens every single day.
2

Day and Night Take Turns

When the Sun is up, we have daytime. When the Sun goes down, we have nighttime. Day and night take turns. This pattern never stops!
3

Stars Come Out at Night

When it gets dark, you can see stars. Stars look like tiny dots of light. They come out every night if the sky is clear. The stars also move slowly across the sky.
KEY TAKEAWAY
KEY TAKEAWAY

Let's Try It!

Scientists watch the sky carefully. They write down what they see. This is called making observations. That means looking closely and remembering what you notice. Let's try it!

🔬 LET'S INVESTIGATE!

What you need: crayons and paper

  • In the morning, look out a window. Draw where you see the Sun. Is it low or high?
  • At lunchtime, look again. Draw the Sun where it is now.
  • In the afternoon, look one more time. Draw the Sun again.
  • Do this for 3 days. Are your drawings the same each day?

You are thinking like a scientist! 🎉

A chart showing Sun observations at three times of day across three days, illustrating that the pattern repeats each day.

What We Discovered

When we watch the Sun for many days, we see the same thing happen over and over. The Sun comes up. It goes high. Then it goes down. This is a predictable pattern. That means we can guess what will happen next because it always happens the same way.

The Moon follows a pattern too! At night, the Moon moves across the sky. But the Moon also changes shape over many nights. Sometimes it looks round. Sometimes it looks like a banana!

The Moon changes shape over time, from a thin crescent to a full circle and back again, showing a repeating pattern.

The sky gives us clues about what will happen next. If the Sun went up this morning, we know it will go up tomorrow morning too. We can predict it. That means we can say what will happen before it happens!

Patterns Are Everywhere!

A pattern is when something happens the same way again and again. Can you spot patterns? They are everywhere — not just in the sky!

Where?What Pattern?
☀️ The SkyThe Sun comes up every morning and goes down every evening.
🌧️ The WeatherSummer is hot. Winter is cold. This pattern repeats every year.
🐛 AnimalsBirds sing in the morning. Owls hoot at night. They do this every day.
🌸 PlantsFlowers open in the spring and lose their leaves in the fall. This happens every year.
KEY TAKEAWAY
KEY TAKEAWAY

How People Use Sky Patterns

People have watched the sky for a very long time. Sky patterns help us in many ways!

🌍 PEOPLE USE SCIENCE!

Can you design a way to track the sky? You could make a simple chart. Draw the Moon every night for a week. See if you can spot the pattern!

Words to Know

📖 KEY VOCABULARY
  • Pattern — When something happens the same way again and again.
  • Observe — To look at something very carefully and notice things about it.
  • Predict — To say what you think will happen next, based on a pattern.
  • Sun — The big, bright star we see in the sky during the day.
  • Moon — The big, round object we see in the sky, mostly at night. It changes shape over time.

Show What You Know!

1
Mia looked outside every morning for a week. She noticed the Sun always appeared on the same side of her house. What does this tell us?
2
Leo drew pictures of the Moon each night for many nights. He noticed the Moon seemed to change shape over time, then looked the same as it did at the start. What sky pattern did Leo observe?
3
A class kept a chart of when the sky got dark each evening for two months. In the first month, it got dark at about 6:00 PM. In the second month, it got dark at about 5:30 PM. What can the students say based on their observations?
4
Tara noticed that stars appear in the sky at night, but she cannot see them during the day. Her friend says the stars disappear during the day. Which answer best uses observations to describe this sky pattern?

What's Next?

🔮 WHAT'S NEXT?
Varsity Tutors • 1st Grade Science (NGSS) • Predictable Sky Patterns