1ST GRADE ELA • READING INFORMATIONAL TEXT

Text Features Help Us Find Information!

Learn how headings, tables of contents, glossaries, icons, and menus help you find facts fast — like a treasure map for books!

Why Do We Need Help Finding Things in Books?

Imagine you have a really big book about animals. You want to find the page about dolphins. Would you read every single page? That would take a long time! People needed a faster way to find things. That is why text features were made.

Text features are special parts of a book or website that help you find facts fast. They have been around for a very, very long time. Let's look at how they grew over the years!

Long, Long Ago
People wrote on scrolls. There were no page numbers. Finding facts was hard!
About 500 Years Ago
Books got tables of contents and page numbers. Now readers could jump to the right page!
About 200 Years Ago
Glossaries were added to the back of books so readers could look up hard words.
About 30 Years Ago
Computers and the internet brought electronic menus and clickable icons. Now you can find information with one click!

So, from old scrolls to websites on a tablet, people have always wanted to find facts quickly. Text features are like signs on a road — they point you where you need to go!

What Are Text Features?

A text feature is any part of a book or screen that is NOT the regular words of a story. Text features are helpers. They help you find things, understand hard words, and know what a page is about — all without reading every word.

Here are the five main text features you will learn today!

1

Headings

Big, bold words at the top of a section. They tell you what that part is about.
2

Table of Contents

A list at the front of a book. It shows all the topics and their page numbers.
3

Glossary

A mini-dictionary at the back of a book. It tells you what hard words mean.
4

Electronic Menus

Lists on a computer or tablet that you click to go to different pages.
5

Icons

Small pictures on a screen that stand for something, like a 🔍 for search.
KEY TAKEAWAY
Think of text features like signs at a zoo. The big sign that says "REPTILE HOUSE" is like a heading. The map you get at the front gate is like a table of contents. The little card next to each animal that tells you its name is like a glossary. They all help you find what you want without walking everywhere!

See the Text Features in a Book!

Look at the picture below. It shows what a page in a nonfiction book might look like. Can you find all the text features? Each one is labeled with a color to help you spot it!

In this picture, you can see a table of contents on the left page. It lists every chapter and its page number. On the right page, the heading says "Chapter 3: Stars" so you know exactly what this part is about. The glossary at the bottom left tells you what hard words mean. And the picture with a caption helps you see what a star looks like!

How Do Text Features Help Us?

Each text feature does a special job. Let's learn when to use each one.

📖 Headings help when you are flipping through pages. You look at the big, bold words at the top. If the heading says what you need, stop and read! If not, keep flipping.

📋 Table of Contents helps when you first open a book. It is always near the front. Read the list, find your topic, then go to that page number.

📚 Glossary helps when you see a word you do not know. Go to the back of the book. The glossary lists hard words in ABC order and tells you what they mean.

💻 Electronic Menus help on a computer or tablet. You click on a word in the menu and it takes you right to that page. No flipping needed!

🔍 Icons are small pictures on a screen. A little magnifying glass means "search." A little house means "home page." Icons help you do things fast.

This flowchart shows you how to pick the right text feature. If you want to know what page a topic is on, use the table of contents. If you want to know what a section is about, look at the heading. If you see a tricky word, check the glossary. And on a computer, look for menus and icons!

A Closer Look at Each Text Feature

Let's look at each text feature side by side. This table tells you where to find it, what it looks like, and how it helps.

Text FeatureWhere Is It?What Does It Look Like?How Does It Help?
HeadingTop of a page or sectionBig, bold wordsTells you the topic of that part
Table of ContentsFront of a bookA list with page numbersShows all topics and where to find them
GlossaryBack of a bookWords in ABC order with meaningsTells you what hard words mean
Electronic MenuTop or side of a websiteClickable words or barsTakes you to a new page with one click
IconOn screens and appsSmall pictures or symbolsShows an action like search or home
KEY TAKEAWAY
Text features are like the different tools in a toolbox. A hammer does one job. A screwdriver does another. You pick the right tool for the job. You pick the right text feature for what you need to find!

Let's Try It Together!

Pretend you have a book called "All About Animals." You want to find out about penguins. Let's use text features to find them fast!

Finding Penguins in "All About Animals"
1
Step 1 — Open to the Table of ContentsYou open the book to the very first pages. You see this list:
Table of Contents Dogs ............ page 4 Cats ............ page 10 Birds ........... page 16 Fish ............ page 22 Glossary ........ page 28 Penguins are birds! So you turn to page 16.
2
Step 2 — Look at the HeadingsYou get to the Birds section. You see headings on the pages:
Page 16: Eagles Page 18: Penguins ← This is it! Page 20: Parrots The heading "Penguins" tells you that page 18 is all about penguins. You found it!
3
Step 3 — Check the Glossary for Hard WordsOn page 18, you read: "Penguins live in cold habitats." You do not know what "habitats" means. So you flip to page 28 — the Glossary.
habitat — the place where an animal lives Now you know! A habitat is where an animal lives. You used three text features to find facts fast!

Books vs. Screens: Where Are Text Features?

Text features are in books, but they are also on computers and tablets! Some look a little different on a screen. Let's compare.

In a BookOn a ScreenSame or Different?
Table of contents at the frontMenu bar at the top of a websiteSame idea, different look!
Headings in big, bold printHeadings in big, bold text on a webpageAlmost the same!
Glossary at the backClick on a word and a box pops upSame idea, different look!
Pictures with captionsIcons you can clickA little different — icons do things!
Turn pages with your handsClick or tap to go to a new pageDifferent, but the same goal
KEY TAKEAWAY
Whether you hold a book in your hands or tap on a screen, text features do the same job. They help you find information without reading every single word. A menu on a website is just like a table of contents in a book — it shows you where to go!

What Will You Learn Next?

Now you know how to use text features to find facts. That is a superpower for reading! As you grow, you will learn about even more text features. Here are some you will see later.

You Know NowYou Will Learn Later
HeadingsSubheadings (smaller headings under big ones)
Table of ContentsIndex (a list at the back with even more page numbers)
GlossarySidebar (a box on the side with fun facts)
Icons on a screenHyperlinks (words you click that take you to a new page)

Every year, you will get better and better at using text features. Soon, you will be able to find any fact in any book — super fast!

Practice Time! 🎉

Now it is your turn! Try to answer each question. When you are ready, click the button to see the answer.

PROBLEM 1WHAT IS IT?
What is a heading?
PROBLEM 2WHERE DO I LOOK?
You want to find which page talks about volcanoes in a book about Earth. Which text feature should you use?
PROBLEM 3TRICKY WORD!
You are reading a book about weather. You see the word "precipitation" and you do not know what it means. Which text feature can help you?
PROBLEM 4ON A SCREEN!
You are on a website about dinosaurs. You see a little picture of a magnifying glass 🔍 at the top of the page. What is this little picture called, and what does it do?
PROBLEM 5PUT IT ALL TOGETHER!
Imagine you have a book about the ocean. You want to learn about sharks. But you also see a word you don't know: "predator." Tell which TWO text features you would use, and explain why.

What We Learned Today

Today, you learned that text features are special parts of books and screens that help you find facts fast. A heading is a big, bold title that tells you what a section is about. A table of contents is a list at the front of a book that shows topics and page numbers. A glossary is a mini-dictionary at the back that explains hard words in ABC order. An electronic menu is a clickable list on a computer or tablet. And an icon is a small picture on a screen that stands for something, like a magnifying glass for search.

Remember: text features are like signs at a zoo or tools in a toolbox. Each one does a different job. When you know how to use them, you can find any fact in any book — without reading every page! Keep practicing, and you will be a reading superstar! ⭐

Varsity Tutors • 1st Grade English Language Arts (Common Core) • Text Features to Locate Key Facts