Multivariable Calculus

Find the equation of the tangent plane to $z=\ln(4x^3+10y^2)$ at .

$z=\frac{6}{127}x+\frac{50}{127}y-\frac{256}{127}+\ln(254)$

$z=\frac{6}{127}x+\frac{50}{127}y-\frac{256}{127}$

$z=\frac{6}{127}x-\frac{50}{127}y+\frac{256}{127}+\ln(254)$

$z=-\frac{6}{127}x+\frac{50}{127}y-\frac{256}{127}-\ln(254)$

$z=\frac{6}{127}x+\frac{50}{127}y+\ln(254)$

Explanation

First, we need to find the partial derivatives in respect to , and , and plug in .

$f(x,y)=\ln(4x^3+10y^2)$ , $f(0,5)=\ln(4(1)^3+10(5)^2)=\ln(254)$

$f_x(x,y)=\frac{12x^2}{4x^3+10y^2}$ , $f_x(0,5)=\frac{12(1)^2}{4(1)^3+10(5)^2}=\frac{12}{254}=\frac{6}{127}$

$f_y(x,y)=\frac{20y}{4x^3+10y^2}$ , $f_y(0,5)=\frac{20(5)}{4(1)^3+10(5)^2}=\frac{100}{254}=\frac{50}{127}$

Remember that the general equation for a tangent plane is as follows:

Now lets apply this to our problem

$z-\ln(254)=\frac{6}{127}(x-1)+\frac{50}{127}(y-5)$

$z=\frac{6}{127}(x-1)+\frac{50}{127}(y-5)+\ln(254)$

$z=\frac{6}{127}x-\frac{6}{127}+\frac{50}{127}y-\frac{250}{127}+\ln(254)$

$z=\frac{6}{127}x+\frac{50}{127}y-\frac{256}{127}+\ln(254)$

Determine the length of the curve $\vec{r}(t)=\left \langle t,4\sin(2t),4\cos(2t)\right \rangle$ , on the interval $0\leq t\leq 2\pi$ .

$2\pi\sqrt{65}$

$2\pi$

$\sqrt{65}$

$\pi$

Explanation

First we need to find the tangent vector, and find its magnitude.

$\vec{v}(t)=\vec{r}\ '(t)=\left \langle 1, 8\cos(2t), -8\sin(2t)\right \rangle$

$\left | \vec{v}(t)\right |=\sqrt{1^2+(8\cos(2t))^2+(-8\sin(2t))^2}$

$\left | \vec{v}(t)\right |=\sqrt{1+64\cos^2(2t)+64\sin^2(2t)}$

$\left | \vec{v}(t)\right |=\sqrt{1+64(\cos^2(2t)+\sin^2(2t))}$

$\left | \vec{v}(t)\right |=\sqrt{1+64}=\sqrt{65}$

Now we can set up our arc length integral

$L=\int_{a}^{b}\left | \vec{v}(t)\right |dt$

$L=\int_{0}^{2\pi} \sqrt{65}\ dt=t\sqrt{65}\Big|_{0}^{2\pi}=2\pi\sqrt{65}$

Find $\frac{\partial f}{dz}$ .

$f(x,y,z)=xyz^{10}+\frac{xy}{\ln(yz)}+10e^z+e^{xy}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=10xyz^9-\frac{xy}{z\ln^2(yz)}+10e^z$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=10xyz^9+10e^z$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=10xyz^9$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=\frac{xy}{z\ln^2(yz)}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=10e^z$

Explanation

In order to find $\frac{\partial f}{dz}$ , we need to take the derivative of in respect to , and treat , and as constants. We also need to remember what the derivatives of natural log, exponential functions and power functions are for single variables.

Natural Log:

$f(x)=\ln(g(x))$

$f'(x)=\frac{g'(x)}{g(x)}$

Exponential Functions:

$f(x)=e^{g(x)}$

$f'(x)=g'(x)e^{g(x)}$

Power Functions:

$f'(x)=nx^{n-1}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=10xyz^9-xy(\ln(yz))^{-2}(\frac{y}{yz})+10e^z+0$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=10xyz^9-\frac{xy}{z\ln^2(yz)}+10e^z$

Find $\frac{\partial f}{dx}$ .

$f(x,y,z)=xyz^{10}+\frac{xy}{\ln(yz)}+10e^z+e^{xy}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=yz^{10}+\frac{y}{\ln(yz)}+ye^{xy}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=\frac{y}{\ln(yz)}+ye^{xy}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=yz^{10}+\frac{y}{\ln(yz)}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=xyz^{10}+\frac{xy}{\ln(yz)}+ye^{xy}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=xz^{10}+\frac{1}{\ln(yz)}+xe^{xy}$

Explanation

In order to find $\frac{\partial f}{dx}$ , we need to take the derivative of in respect to , and treat , and as constants. We also need to remember what the derivatives of natural log, exponential functions and power functions are for single variables.

Natural Log:

$f(x)=\ln(g(x))$

$f'(x)=\frac{g'(x)}{g(x)}$

Exponential Functions:

$f(x)=e^{g(x)}$

$f'(x)=g'(x)e^{g(x)}$

Power Functions:

$f'(x)=nx^{n-1}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=yz^{10}+\frac{y}{\ln(yz)}+0+ye^{xy}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=yz^{10}+\frac{y}{\ln(yz)}+ye^{xy}$

Write down the equation of the line in vector form that passes through the points , and .

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2+5t, 10+6t, -6-20t\right \rangle$

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2+5t, 10-6t, -6-20t\right \rangle$

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2-5t, 10+6t, -6-20t\right \rangle$

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2+5t, 10+6t, -6-2t\right \rangle$

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2+5t, 1+t, -6-20t\right \rangle$

Explanation

Remember the general equation of a line in vector form:

$\vec{r}=r_0+t\vec{v}=\left \langle x_0,y_0,z_0\right \rangle+t\left \langle a,b,c\right \rangle$ , where $\left \langle x_0,y_0,z_0\right \rangle$ is the starting point, and $\left \langle a,b,c\right \rangle$ is the difference between the start and ending points.

Lets apply this to our problem.

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2, 10, -6\right \rangle+t\left \langle 5, 6, -20\right \rangle$

Distribute the

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2, 10, -6\right \rangle+\left \langle 5t, 6t, -20t\right \rangle$

Now we simply do vector addition to get

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2+5t, 10+6t, -6-20t\right \rangle$

Find $\frac{\partial f}{dx}$ .

$f(x,y,z)=xyz^{10}+\frac{xy}{\ln(yz)}+10e^z+e^{xy}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=yz^{10}+\frac{y}{\ln(yz)}+ye^{xy}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=\frac{y}{\ln(yz)}+ye^{xy}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=yz^{10}+\frac{y}{\ln(yz)}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=xyz^{10}+\frac{xy}{\ln(yz)}+ye^{xy}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=xz^{10}+\frac{1}{\ln(yz)}+xe^{xy}$

Explanation

Natural Log:

$f(x)=\ln(g(x))$

$f'(x)=\frac{g'(x)}{g(x)}$

Exponential Functions:

$f(x)=e^{g(x)}$

$f'(x)=g'(x)e^{g(x)}$

Power Functions:

$f'(x)=nx^{n-1}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=yz^{10}+\frac{y}{\ln(yz)}+0+ye^{xy}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dx}=yz^{10}+\frac{y}{\ln(yz)}+ye^{xy}$

Find $\frac{\partial f}{dz}$ .

$f(x,y,z)=xyz^{10}+\frac{xy}{\ln(yz)}+10e^z+e^{xy}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=10xyz^9-\frac{xy}{z\ln^2(yz)}+10e^z$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=10xyz^9+10e^z$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=10xyz^9$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=\frac{xy}{z\ln^2(yz)}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=10e^z$

Explanation

Natural Log:

$f(x)=\ln(g(x))$

$f'(x)=\frac{g'(x)}{g(x)}$

Exponential Functions:

$f(x)=e^{g(x)}$

$f'(x)=g'(x)e^{g(x)}$

Power Functions:

$f'(x)=nx^{n-1}$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=10xyz^9-xy(\ln(yz))^{-2}(\frac{y}{yz})+10e^z+0$

$\frac{\partial f}{dz}=10xyz^9-\frac{xy}{z\ln^2(yz)}+10e^z$

Write down the equation of the line in vector form that passes through the points , and .

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2+5t, 10+6t, -6-20t\right \rangle$

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2+5t, 10-6t, -6-20t\right \rangle$

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2-5t, 10+6t, -6-20t\right \rangle$

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2+5t, 10+6t, -6-2t\right \rangle$

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2+5t, 1+t, -6-20t\right \rangle$

Explanation

Remember the general equation of a line in vector form:

Lets apply this to our problem.

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2, 10, -6\right \rangle+t\left \langle 5, 6, -20\right \rangle$

Distribute the

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2, 10, -6\right \rangle+\left \langle 5t, 6t, -20t\right \rangle$

Now we simply do vector addition to get

$\vec{r}=\left \langle 2+5t, 10+6t, -6-20t\right \rangle$

Calculate the curl for the following vector field.

$\vec{F}=x^3y^2\ \vec{i}+x^2y^3z^4\ \vec{j}+x^2z^2\ \vec{k}$

$curl\ \vec{F}=\Big(-4x^2y^3z^3\Big)\vec{i}+\Big(-2xz^2\Big)\vec{j}+\Big(2xy^3z^4-2x^3y\Big)\vec{k}$

$curl\ \vec{F}=\Big(4x^2y^3z^3\Big)\vec{i}+\Big(2xz^2\Big)\vec{j}+\Big(-2xy^3z^4+2x^3y\Big)\vec{k}$

$curl\ \vec{F}=\Big(2x^2z^3\Big)\vec{i}+\Big(2yz^2\Big)\vec{j}+\Big(-2x^3y\Big)\vec{k}$

$curl\ \vec{F}=0$

$curl\ \vec{F}=\Big(2x^2z^3\Big)\vec{i}-\Big(2yz^2\Big)\vec{j}-\Big(-2x^3y\Big)\vec{k}$

Explanation

In order to calculate the curl, we need to recall the formula.

$\curl\ \vec{F}=\triangledown \times \vec{F}=\begin{vmatrix} \vec{i} & \vec{j} & \vec{k}\ \frac{\partial}{\partial x}& \frac{\partial}{\partial y} & \frac{\partial}{\partial z} \ P & Q & R \end{vmatrix}\ \ \ =\Big(\frac{\partial R}{\partial y}-\frac{\partial Q}{\partial z}\ \Big)\vec{i}+\Big(\frac{\partial P}{\partial z}-\frac{\partial R}{\partial x}\ \Big)\vec{j}+\Big(\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x}-\frac{\partial P}{\partial y}\ \Big)\vec{k}$

where , , and correspond to the components of a given vector field: $\vec{F}=P\vec{i}+Q\vec{j}+R\vec{k}$

Now lets apply this to out situation.

$curl\ \vec{F}=\triangledown \times \vec{F}=\begin{vmatrix} \vec{i} & \vec{j} & \vec{k}\\ \frac{\partial}{\partial x}& \frac{\partial}{\partial y} & \frac{\partial}{\partial z} \\ x^3y^2 & x^2y^3z^4 & x^2z^2 \end{vmatrix}$

$\=\Big(\frac{\partial }{\partial y}\Big(x^2z^2\Big)-\frac{\partial}{\partial z}\Big(x^2y^3z^4\Big)\ \Big)\vec{i}+\Big(\frac{\partial}{\partial z}\Big(x^3y^2\Big)-\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\Big(x^2z^2\Big)\ \Big)\vec{j}+\Big(\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\Big(x^2y^3z^4\Big)-\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\Big(x^3y^2\Big)\ \Big)\vec{k}$

$=\Big(0-4x^2y^3z^3\Big)\vec{i}+\Big(0-2xz^2\Big)\vec{j}+\Big(2xy^3z^4-2x^3y\Big)\vec{k}$

Thus the curl is

$=\Big(-4x^2y^3z^3\Big)\vec{i}+\Big(-2xz^2\Big)\vec{j}+\Big(2xy^3z^4-2x^3y\Big)\vec{k}$

Calculate the curl for the following vector field.

$\vec{F}=x^3y^2\ \vec{i}+x^2y^3z^4\ \vec{j}+x^2z^2\ \vec{k}$

$curl\ \vec{F}=\Big(-4x^2y^3z^3\Big)\vec{i}+\Big(-2xz^2\Big)\vec{j}+\Big(2xy^3z^4-2x^3y\Big)\vec{k}$

$curl\ \vec{F}=\Big(4x^2y^3z^3\Big)\vec{i}+\Big(2xz^2\Big)\vec{j}+\Big(-2xy^3z^4+2x^3y\Big)\vec{k}$

$curl\ \vec{F}=\Big(2x^2z^3\Big)\vec{i}+\Big(2yz^2\Big)\vec{j}+\Big(-2x^3y\Big)\vec{k}$

$curl\ \vec{F}=0$

$curl\ \vec{F}=\Big(2x^2z^3\Big)\vec{i}-\Big(2yz^2\Big)\vec{j}-\Big(-2x^3y\Big)\vec{k}$

Explanation

In order to calculate the curl, we need to recall the formula.

where , , and correspond to the components of a given vector field: $\vec{F}=P\vec{i}+Q\vec{j}+R\vec{k}$

Now lets apply this to out situation.

$=\Big(0-4x^2y^3z^3\Big)\vec{i}+\Big(0-2xz^2\Big)\vec{j}+\Big(2xy^3z^4-2x^3y\Big)\vec{k}$

Thus the curl is

$=\Big(-4x^2y^3z^3\Big)\vec{i}+\Big(-2xz^2\Big)\vec{j}+\Big(2xy^3z^4-2x^3y\Big)\vec{k}$

Help Questions

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation