Identifying Synonyms

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ISEE Upper Level: Verbal Reasoning › Identifying Synonyms

Questions 1 - 10
1

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

PAROCHIAL

Limited

Heavenly

Posh

Naive

Ponderous

Explanation

"Parochial" means having a limited worldview, provincial. So the best answer choice is "limited." To provide further help, "posh" means wealthy and refined; "ponderous" means slow moving, boring; "naive" means gullible, easily tricked into believing lies; "heavenly" means lovely, divine.

2

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

FURTIVE

Hidden

Explicit

Refulgent

Clear

Passionate

Explanation

Several of the proposed answers attempt to get you to confuse "furtive" with "fervent." The latter word means passionate and fierce. The word _"_furtive" actually comes from the Latin word for "thief". A thief acts under the cover of darkness and behaves secretively. Thus, when something is "furtive" it is secret or hidden. Therefore, the best option among those provided is "hidden."

3

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

CAPRICIOUS

Fickle

Dreary

Ephemeral

Insolent

Reverent

Explanation

"Capricious" means changing one's mood in a fickle, unpredictable manner, so the answer choice that is its best synonym is "fickle," or changing frequently.

4

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

AFFLUENT

Prosperous

Mobile

Sober

Arrogant

Direct

Explanation

The word "affluent" does have roots that mean to flow. While this meaning was once upon a time reflected in the word, it no longer is used in this manner. Instead, the word means wealthy—as though someone is "flowing" with money. Thus, the only option that is appropriate is "prosperous." (Note that "mobile" is not the same as flowing. A walking person is mobile—yet is not flowing, strictly speaking.)

5

Answer the following question by selecting the word that is most nearly the same in meaning as the word in capital letters.

STIPPLE

dapple

stupefy

surmise

transmute

vilify

Explanation

"Stipple" and "dapple" both mean to mark with numerous small dots or marks. "Stupefy" means to stun or astonish. "Surmise" means to come to a conclusion. "Transmute" means to convert or alter. "Vilify" means to criticize over harshly.

6

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

ADAMANT

Insistent

Contrite

Humane

Flexible

Inopportune

Explanation

The adjective "adamant" is etymologically related to the word "diamond"—the hardest stone. Someone who is "adamant" is "hard" in the sense of being relentless, unyielding, or insistent.

7

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

MEANDERING

Circuitous

Foolish

Impatient

Annoying

Tedious

Explanation

When something "meanders" it moves in a way that is not direct but, instead, zigzags from one point to another. Now, this can be used to describe physical motion ("meandering in the fields"). It can also be used to describe something physical and motionless, like a path that zigzags and thus is said to "meander." Finally, it can be used to describe things like thought processes. Someone's "meandering thoughts" circle about, considering different things for some time before finally resting in a conclusion. Thus, the word "circuitous" works well as a synonym. This word comes from roots meaning circle or around. "Circuitous" reasoning is a kind of thinking that takes a much longer time to arrive at its end than is strictly necessary. A circuitous path is one that meanders quite a bit before reaching its destination.

8

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

MYRIAD

Innumerable

Structure

Pyramid

Portrait

Overabundance

Explanation

The word “myriad” is derived from the Greek for "10,000." In general, it is used to describe a countless multitude of things. For that reason, the best option among the provided answers is “innumerable.” An example usage would be, “Roger wished to do something so foolish that his friends were able to provide him with myriad reasons, overwhelming him with reasons for making such a stupid choice.”

9

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

SALUTARY

Beneficial

Dire

Reluctant

Premeditated

Feisty

Explanation

"Salutary" means promoting health, advantageous, beneficial. To provide further help, "premeditated" means planned; "feisty" means surprisingly tough; "dire" means a bad situation, desperate; "reluctant" means unwilling, not wanting to do something.

10

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

REVOLTING

Nauseating

Disquieted

Progressive

Irritated

Rotting

Explanation

Something that is "revolting" is disgusting. Now, this could also be the present participle of the verb "revolt," meaning to rebel, butnone of the options presented match that meaning. Therefore, we are looking for something that is akin to "disgusting." While something that is "rotting" is likely to be disgusting, this is not the same being revolting, as "rotting" refers to a specific process of organic decay, not the feeling produced by that process.The only option that provides a direct synonym is "nauseating," which describes something that is sickening (in the way that something revolting is sickening).

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