Probability

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AP Statistics › Probability

Questions 1 - 10
1

Assume there is an election involving three parties: D, R, and I. The probability of D winning is .11, R winning is .78, and I winning is .11. What is the probability of D or R winning?

.89

.78

1

0

Explanation

Since all of the events are mutually exclusive (one of the parties must win), you can get the probability of either D or R winning by adding their probabilities.

Since the probability of D winning is .11 and R winning is .78, the probability of D or R winning is .89.

2

Assume there is an election involving three parties: D, R, and I. The probability of D winning is .11, R winning is .78, and I winning is .11. What is the probability of D or R winning?

.89

.78

1

0

Explanation

Since all of the events are mutually exclusive (one of the parties must win), you can get the probability of either D or R winning by adding their probabilities.

Since the probability of D winning is .11 and R winning is .78, the probability of D or R winning is .89.

3

Which of the following is a discrete random variable?

The number of times heads comes up on 10 coin flips

The amount of water that passes through a dam in a random hour

The rate of return on a random stock investment

The length of a random caterpillar

Explanation

A discrete variable is a variable which can only take a countable number of values. For example, the number of times that a coin can come up heads in ten flips can only be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10. Thus, there are a countable number of possible outcomes (in this case 11). This is true for coin flips, but not for caterpillar length, water flow, or rates of return for stocks.

4

Assume there is an election involving three parties: D, R, and I. The probability of D winning is .11, R winning is .78, and I winning is .11. What is the probability of D or R winning?

.89

.78

1

0

Explanation

Since all of the events are mutually exclusive (one of the parties must win), you can get the probability of either D or R winning by adding their probabilities.

Since the probability of D winning is .11 and R winning is .78, the probability of D or R winning is .89.

5

When rolling a 6 sided dice, what is the probability of rolling a 2 or a 4?

Explanation

In the single roll of a dice, rolling a 2 is mutually exclusive of rolling a 4. When a question asks for the probability of event A "or" event B, the probability is the sum of each event.

First, find the probability of each individual event.

Because the problem asks for a 2 OR a 4, add the indivual probabilities together.

6

Students collected 150 cans for a food drive. There were 23 cans of corn, 48 cans of beans, and 12 cans of tomato sauce. If a student randomly selects one can to give away, what is the probability that the can will be either tomato sauce or beans?

Explanation

In this case, we want to know the probability of multiple, mutually exclusive possible outcomes. The possible outcomes are mutually exclusive because one can of food could not be both beans and tomato sauce. To determine the probability of the two possible outcomes, add them together and then find the least common denominator.

7

Which of the following is a discrete random variable?

The number of times heads comes up on 10 coin flips

The amount of water that passes through a dam in a random hour

The rate of return on a random stock investment

The length of a random caterpillar

Explanation

A discrete variable is a variable which can only take a countable number of values. For example, the number of times that a coin can come up heads in ten flips can only be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10. Thus, there are a countable number of possible outcomes (in this case 11). This is true for coin flips, but not for caterpillar length, water flow, or rates of return for stocks.

8

When rolling a 6 sided dice, what is the probability of rolling a 2 or a 4?

Explanation

In the single roll of a dice, rolling a 2 is mutually exclusive of rolling a 4. When a question asks for the probability of event A "or" event B, the probability is the sum of each event.

First, find the probability of each individual event.

Because the problem asks for a 2 OR a 4, add the indivual probabilities together.

9

Which of the following is a discrete random variable?

The number of times heads comes up on 10 coin flips

The amount of water that passes through a dam in a random hour

The rate of return on a random stock investment

The length of a random caterpillar

Explanation

A discrete variable is a variable which can only take a countable number of values. For example, the number of times that a coin can come up heads in ten flips can only be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10. Thus, there are a countable number of possible outcomes (in this case 11). This is true for coin flips, but not for caterpillar length, water flow, or rates of return for stocks.

10

Students collected 150 cans for a food drive. There were 23 cans of corn, 48 cans of beans, and 12 cans of tomato sauce. If a student randomly selects one can to give away, what is the probability that the can will be either tomato sauce or beans?

Explanation

In this case, we want to know the probability of multiple, mutually exclusive possible outcomes. The possible outcomes are mutually exclusive because one can of food could not be both beans and tomato sauce. To determine the probability of the two possible outcomes, add them together and then find the least common denominator.

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