AP Biology › Biochemical Concepts
Cholesterol is soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform, but is insoluble in water. Based on this information, to which class of macromolecule does cholesterol belong?
Lipid
Enzyme
Nucleic acid
Oligosaccharide
Water is a very polar substance that will not interact well with nonpolar macromolecules. Enzymes (proteins), oligosaccharides (carbohydrates), and nucleic acids all contain polar regions that make them soluble in aqueous environments. Lipids, however, are hydrocarbons and generally lack a polar region. Lipids would not be soluble in water, but would be soluble in nonpolar organic solvents, like chloroform. We can conclude that cholesterol is a lipid.
Cholesterol is soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform, but is insoluble in water. Based on this information, to which class of macromolecule does cholesterol belong?
Lipid
Enzyme
Nucleic acid
Oligosaccharide
Water is a very polar substance that will not interact well with nonpolar macromolecules. Enzymes (proteins), oligosaccharides (carbohydrates), and nucleic acids all contain polar regions that make them soluble in aqueous environments. Lipids, however, are hydrocarbons and generally lack a polar region. Lipids would not be soluble in water, but would be soluble in nonpolar organic solvents, like chloroform. We can conclude that cholesterol is a lipid.
Cholesterol is soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform, but is insoluble in water. Based on this information, to which class of macromolecule does cholesterol belong?
Lipid
Enzyme
Nucleic acid
Oligosaccharide
Water is a very polar substance that will not interact well with nonpolar macromolecules. Enzymes (proteins), oligosaccharides (carbohydrates), and nucleic acids all contain polar regions that make them soluble in aqueous environments. Lipids, however, are hydrocarbons and generally lack a polar region. Lipids would not be soluble in water, but would be soluble in nonpolar organic solvents, like chloroform. We can conclude that cholesterol is a lipid.
ATP and GTP provide energy for several cellular processes, and are composed of all except which of the following components?
A pyrimidine
A pentose sugar
A purine
Three phosphate groups
ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate and GTP stands for guanosine triphosphate. Both of them are nucleic acids, meaning that they must contain a pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and phosphate groups. Both ATP and GTP contain three phosphate groups. The only difference between ATP and GTP is their nitrogenous base. ATP contains adenine whereas GTP contains guanine. Recall that adenine and guanine are both purines.
ATP and GTP do not contain any pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, and uracil).
ATP and GTP provide energy for several cellular processes, and are composed of all except which of the following components?
A pyrimidine
A pentose sugar
A purine
Three phosphate groups
ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate and GTP stands for guanosine triphosphate. Both of them are nucleic acids, meaning that they must contain a pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and phosphate groups. Both ATP and GTP contain three phosphate groups. The only difference between ATP and GTP is their nitrogenous base. ATP contains adenine whereas GTP contains guanine. Recall that adenine and guanine are both purines.
ATP and GTP do not contain any pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, and uracil).
In reference to water, what to do cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion all have in common?
All are properties related to hydrogen bonding
All are results of the structure of hydrogen atoms
All are aspects of a crystalline structure
All are produced by covalent bonding
All are produced by ionic bonding
These properties of water are all a result of hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonds result from the electrical attraction between partially positive hydrogen atoms and partially negative oxygen atoms of adjacent water molecules. The differences in electronegativity between hydrogen and oxygen give rise to the hydrogen bonding and associated properties.
Attraction and polarity in water molecules cause them to "stick" to one another. Attraction between water molecules results in cohesion, and attraction between the water molecules and other compounds in the environment results in adhesion. The high surface tension of water is caused by the "sticking" of water molecules to one another, which keep vapor pressure low.
Hydrogen bonding is a temporary intermolecular force, and is different from covalent or ionic bonding. Covalent and ionic bonding result in permanently joined atoms to build molecular structures.
ATP and GTP provide energy for several cellular processes, and are composed of all except which of the following components?
A pyrimidine
A pentose sugar
A purine
Three phosphate groups
ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate and GTP stands for guanosine triphosphate. Both of them are nucleic acids, meaning that they must contain a pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and phosphate groups. Both ATP and GTP contain three phosphate groups. The only difference between ATP and GTP is their nitrogenous base. ATP contains adenine whereas GTP contains guanine. Recall that adenine and guanine are both purines.
ATP and GTP do not contain any pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, and uracil).
In reference to water, what to do cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion all have in common?
All are properties related to hydrogen bonding
All are results of the structure of hydrogen atoms
All are aspects of a crystalline structure
All are produced by covalent bonding
All are produced by ionic bonding
These properties of water are all a result of hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonds result from the electrical attraction between partially positive hydrogen atoms and partially negative oxygen atoms of adjacent water molecules. The differences in electronegativity between hydrogen and oxygen give rise to the hydrogen bonding and associated properties.
Attraction and polarity in water molecules cause them to "stick" to one another. Attraction between water molecules results in cohesion, and attraction between the water molecules and other compounds in the environment results in adhesion. The high surface tension of water is caused by the "sticking" of water molecules to one another, which keep vapor pressure low.
Hydrogen bonding is a temporary intermolecular force, and is different from covalent or ionic bonding. Covalent and ionic bonding result in permanently joined atoms to build molecular structures.
In reference to water, what to do cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion all have in common?
All are properties related to hydrogen bonding
All are results of the structure of hydrogen atoms
All are aspects of a crystalline structure
All are produced by covalent bonding
All are produced by ionic bonding
These properties of water are all a result of hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonds result from the electrical attraction between partially positive hydrogen atoms and partially negative oxygen atoms of adjacent water molecules. The differences in electronegativity between hydrogen and oxygen give rise to the hydrogen bonding and associated properties.
Attraction and polarity in water molecules cause them to "stick" to one another. Attraction between water molecules results in cohesion, and attraction between the water molecules and other compounds in the environment results in adhesion. The high surface tension of water is caused by the "sticking" of water molecules to one another, which keep vapor pressure low.
Hydrogen bonding is a temporary intermolecular force, and is different from covalent or ionic bonding. Covalent and ionic bonding result in permanently joined atoms to build molecular structures.
Which of the following has both a hydrophobic and hydrophillic portion?
phospholipids
starch
proteins
steriods
chitin
A phospholipid has a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophillic head. The hydrocarbon section composes the hydrophobic tail and dislikes water. The phosphate group composes of the hydrophillic head and likes water. The combination makes a semi-permeable membrane that we know as the lipid bilayer.