Context Clues in One-Blank Sentences
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PSAT Critical Reading › Context Clues in One-Blank Sentences
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
After suffering countless defeats, the football team was utterly __________, to the point of no longer hoping for victories in the coming season.
despondent
dejected
sober
stoical
resigned
Explanation
In contrast to the other words given as possible answers, being “despondent” implies lack of hope—not merely disappointment or emotional detachment. This is called for by the key phrase, “to the point of no longer hoping for . . .”
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
Although the Gutenberg press revolutionized the world of book sales, some monasteries continued to produce __________ by the old-fashioned methods of handwriting for some time.
manuscripts
codices
scrolls
papyri
tomes
Explanation
The key phrase here is “by the old-fashioned methods of handwriting.” Works that are “handwritten” are called “manuscripts,” a word that literally means “hand-written.” The “manu-” portion is found in English words like “manual” and “manicure,” from the Latin roots for “hand.” “Script,” clearly comes from root meanings related to writing, as is obvious from other related English words such as “scribe,” “subscription,” and “prescription.”
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
After suffering countless defeats, the football team was utterly __________, to the point of no longer hoping for victories in the coming season.
despondent
dejected
sober
stoical
resigned
Explanation
In contrast to the other words given as possible answers, being “despondent” implies lack of hope—not merely disappointment or emotional detachment. This is called for by the key phrase, “to the point of no longer hoping for . . .”
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
Although the Gutenberg press revolutionized the world of book sales, some monasteries continued to produce __________ by the old-fashioned methods of handwriting for some time.
manuscripts
codices
scrolls
papyri
tomes
Explanation
The key phrase here is “by the old-fashioned methods of handwriting.” Works that are “handwritten” are called “manuscripts,” a word that literally means “hand-written.” The “manu-” portion is found in English words like “manual” and “manicure,” from the Latin roots for “hand.” “Script,” clearly comes from root meanings related to writing, as is obvious from other related English words such as “scribe,” “subscription,” and “prescription.”
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
Although Odo had rarely expressed any dislike for any of his academic adversaries, he showed a surprising amount of __________ against Severinus when he wrote his latest book.
animus
pettiness
disgust
machinating
conspiring
Explanation
The contrast here is between the rarity of Odo showing any dislike and a recent case that differed from this normal practice. When someone shows “animus,” he or she is said to show ill will or hostility. The word comes from the Latin for “soul” or “mind” as found in words like “animal” and “animated.”
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
Although Odo had rarely expressed any dislike for any of his academic adversaries, he showed a surprising amount of __________ against Severinus when he wrote his latest book.
animus
pettiness
disgust
machinating
conspiring
Explanation
The contrast here is between the rarity of Odo showing any dislike and a recent case that differed from this normal practice. When someone shows “animus,” he or she is said to show ill will or hostility. The word comes from the Latin for “soul” or “mind” as found in words like “animal” and “animated.”
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
Laura had a personality quite different from that of her husband, who often was __________ from the very dramatic social situations in which she wanted to be involved.
aloof
vexed
perturbed
saddened
morose
Explanation
Since the two personalities are opposed, it is necessary to think of an opposite for Laura’s troublesome drama. While this might be annoying to her husband, the key is to choose the word most opposed to this dramatic persona. That would be “aloof,” not any of the others.
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
Laura had a personality quite different from that of her husband, who often was __________ from the very dramatic social situations in which she wanted to be involved.
aloof
vexed
perturbed
saddened
morose
Explanation
Since the two personalities are opposed, it is necessary to think of an opposite for Laura’s troublesome drama. While this might be annoying to her husband, the key is to choose the word most opposed to this dramatic persona. That would be “aloof,” not any of the others.
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
William, whose outlook on life was particularly dour, was easily annoyed by the opposite, __________ temperament of his roommate.
saccharine
immature
puerile
nagging
carping
Explanation
Someone who is “saccharine” is excessively sentimental or sweet. It comes from the Latin word for sugar, and in modern times the manufactured substance called “saccharin” has been used as a substitute for sugar.
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
Many of Francis’ college friends were amazed that he had settled down in a monogamous, married relationship, as he had been quite a __________ when they knew him in college.
philanderer
chauvinist
partier
layabout
drinker
Explanation
By looking at the contrast established in this sentence, we can say that Francis must have been something of a womanizer or rather promiscuous during his college days. Such a person is called a “philanderer,” a term almost always applied to men.
This is in because of its literal meaning, “man of (many) love(s)” from “phil+anderer.” The “phil-” portion is found in words like “philosophy,” which means “love of wisdom,” and “Philadelphia,” “(the city of) brotherly love.” The second half comes from the Greek word for man and is found in English words like “android,” and “polyandry” (meaning “having many husbands”).