Basic Concepts
In a nutshell: Biological molecules are essential chemicals that make up and run living cells.
## The Chemicals of Life
All living things are made up of four main types of biological molecules: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
### Carbohydrates
Sugars and starches that provide energy and structural support.
### Proteins
Made of amino acids, proteins perform most cellular functions, from enzymes to structural components.
### Lipids
Fats and oils that store energy and make up cell membranes.
### Nucleic Acids
DNA and RNA store and transmit genetic information.
### Everyday Importance
A healthy diet requires a balance of these molecules. Disorders like diabetes and high cholesterol stem from imbalances in these biological molecules.
Examples
- Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body.
- DNA stores genetic information in the nucleus of cells.