As amino acids are added to a polypeptide during translation, tRNA molecules will enter the A site of the ribosome. The tRNA is then transferred to the P site, where a peptide bond is formed between the amino acid residue and the amino acid chain. Finally, the tRNA moves to the E site to release its tRNA and exit the ribosome.

The genetic code is considered both degenerative and unambiguous. A codon will only code for one amino acid, making the code unambiguous. In contrast, multiple codons can code for the same amino acid, making it degenerative. For example, UGU will always code for cysteine, but UGC also codes for cysteine.

Nearly every living organism uses the same genetic code. tRNA anticodons are complementary to mRNA codons; they are not the same code.

DNA contains genetic information that is transcribed into mRNA. This process is known as transcription, and occurs in the nucleus. After modification in the nucleus, mRNA exits the nucleus and enters the cell cytoplasm. In a process called translation, mRNA (in conjuction with tRNA and a ribosome) is used as a template to join amino acids to form specific polypeptides.

In summary, DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is translated into protein.

The ribosome contains three sites: the A, P, and E sites.

The A site is where activation occurs, starting translation. This is where a tRNA molecule enters the ribosome and matches its anticodon to the mRNA codon.

The tRNA then shifts over to the P site to attach the amino acid. The ribosome facilitates the formation of a peptide bond, adding the amino acid to the chain.

At the E site, the empty tRNA exits the ribosome and dissociates from mRNA.

Ribosomes are made up of rRNA and proteins. rRNA synthesis, and ribosome assembly takes place in the nucleolus.

Translation refers to the processing of an mRNA script into a protein. This process utilizes ribosomes and tRNA. In translation, messenger RNA (which is produced by transcription from DNA) is decoded by a ribosome to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide. The polypeptide is later folded into an active protein.

Translation is the process of creating protein from an mRNA template, and consists of initiation, elongation, and termination. Modification of protein strands may occur after translation, but the three defined steps of translation are initiation, elongation, and termination. Many types of transcribed RNA, such as tRNA, rRNA (ribosomal), and small nuclear RNA, do not undergo translation in order to become functional proteins.

Protein synthesis starts in the nucleus with transcription. Transcription is the process where DNA is transcribed into mRNA. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm within ribosomes where mRNA is translated and becomes a protein with the help of rRNA and tRNA.

tRNA is responsible for bringing individual amino acids to the ribosome in order to be incorporated into the protein. It has an anticodon that attaches to a specific codon found on the mRNA. Once the tRNA and mRNA are bound, a peptide bond if formed between the amino acid residue from the tRNA and the amino acid chain on the ribosome. This is how amino acids are added to the growing protein.

During translation, the ribosome binds to mRNA and to the appropriate tRNAs. On the ribosome, the mRNA condons are translated into the amino acid sequence of a protein with the help of the tRNA anticodons.

Transcription refers to the synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template. Transformation occurs when a bacterium is able to absorb and incorporate genetic material from the extracellular environment. Transfusion is the transfer of blood from a donor to a recipient. Transfection is the infection of bacteria by phage DNA.