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Master Biochemistry

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86 skills · 1,861 questions

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86 core skills 100% total weight

01

Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway and Protein Degradation

02

Amino Acid Structure, Properties, pKa Behavior

03

Disulfide Bonds and Post-Translational Modifications

04

Peptide Bonds and Primary Structure

05

Protein Folding, Stability, and Denaturation

06

Protein Function: Binding Sites, Allostery, Specificity

07

Protein Purification Concepts (Chromatography Overview)

08

Secondary Structure

09

Tertiary and Quaternary Structure; Domains/Motifs

10

Basic Statistics for Biochem Data

11

Chromatography Methods

12

ELISA and Immunodetection

13

Enzyme Assay Data

14

Experimental Design: Controls, Replicates, and Confounds

15

Interpreting Graphs and Multi-Panel Figures

16

PCR, Cloning, and DNA Sequencing

17

SDS-PAGE and Western Blot

18

Spectrophotometry and Beer–Lambert Law

19

ATP, Phosphoryl Transfer, High-Energy Compounds

20

Citric Acid Cycle

21

Fermentation and Anaerobic Metabolism

22

Gluconeogenesis and Reciprocal Regulation with Glycolysis

23

Glycogen Metabolism

24

Glycolysis: Key Steps, Regulation, Energy Yield

25

Pentose Phosphate Pathway

26

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase and Acetyl-CoA Formation

27

Carbohydrate Roles: Energy Storage, Cell Recognition

28

Glycolipids and Glycoproteins

29

Glycosidic Bonds and Disaccharides/Polysaccharides

30

Monosaccharide Structure, Stereochemistry, and Anomers

31

Reducing Sugars and Carbohydrate Reactivity

32

Covalent Bonding, Functional Groups, and Reactivity

33

Noncovalent Interactions

34

Redox Chemistry and Biological Electron Carriers

35

Thermodynamics in Biochemistry

36

Water Structure, pH, and Buffer Systems

37

Drug–Target Interactions and Enzyme Inhibitors

38

Hemoglobin/Oxygen Binding

39

Metabolic Disorders and Pathway Defects

40

Nutrition and Macronutrient Metabolism

41

ATP Synthase and Oxidative Phosphorylation

42

Chemiosmotic Theory and Proton Motive Force

43

Electron Transport Chain Components

44

Photosynthesis: Light Reactions and Calvin Cycle

45

Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Systems

46

Uncouplers and Inhibitors of OxPhos

47

Allosteric Regulation and Cooperative Binding

48

Catalytic Strategies

49

Cofactors and Coenzymes

50

Enzyme Function and Active Site Chemistry

51

Enzyme Inhibition: Competitive, Noncompetitive, Uncompetitive, Mixed

52

Lineweaver–Burk and Alternative Linear Plots

53

Michaelis–Menten Kinetics: Vmax, Km, kcat

54

pH, Temperature, and Enzyme Activity

55

Amino Acid Catabolism and Nitrogen Handling

56

Cholesterol Biosynthesis and the Mevalonate Pathway

57

Fatty Acid Synthesis and Regulation

58

Ketone Bodies: Formation and Utilization

59

Oxidation of Fatty Acids and Regulation

60

Transamination and Amino Group Transfer (PLP)

61

Urea Cycle and Nitrogen Excretion

62

Fatty Acids, Triacylglycerols, and Energy Density

63

Lipoproteins and Lipid Transport

64

Membrane Proteins: Channels, Transporters, Receptors

65

Membrane Structure and Fluid Mosaic Model

66

Phospholipids, Sphingolipids, and Cholesterol

67

Transport Mechanisms: Diffusion, Facilitated, Active Transport

68

Energetic Efficiency and Flux

69

Fasting vs Fed States: Metabolic Adaptations

70

Hormonal Regulation of Metabolism

71

Metabolic Control Analysis, Rate-Limiting Steps

72

Tissue-Specific Metabolism: Liver, Muscle, Adipose

73

DNA Repair Mechanisms

74

mRNA Processing: Capping Splicing and Polyadenylation

75

Nucleotide Biosynthesis: De Novo/Salvage Pathways

76

DNA Structure, Replication Principles, and Fidelity

77

Mutations and Molecular Consequences

78

Nucleotide Structure and Base Pairing

79

RNA Structure and Types

80

Transcription Principles and Regulation

81

Translation and the Genetic Code

82

G-Protein Coupled Receptors, Second Messengers

83

Protein Kinases/Phosphatases and Phosphorylation Cascades

84

Receptors and Ligand Binding (Affinity, Kd)

85

RTKs and MAPK Signaling

86

Signal Amplification, Desensitization, and Feedback