Nervous tissue contains a variety of support cells in order to preserve the neurons in the brain, known as glial cells. Microglia are similar to monocytes, a type of white blood cell. They are used to remove debris and pathogens from the central nervous system.

Schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes are all part of the neural glia. Schwann cells produce myelin around the axons of neurons in the peripheral nervous system, while oligodendrocytes produce myelin for the axons of neurons in the central nervous system. Astrocytes around found in the central nervous system and help create the blood-brain barrier.

White matter is white due to the myelin sheath. Since the myelin sheath only covers the axon, neural tissue that is referred to as white matter is only located on a neuron's axon. Grey matter actually refers to the cell body due to its grayish appearance. Accordingly, one neuron is actually part of both the white and the gray matter in the nervous system.

White matter is white due to the myelin sheath. Since the myelin sheath only covers the axon, neural tissue that is referred to as white matter is only located on a neuron's axon. Grey matter actually refers to the cell body due to its grayish appearance. Accordingly, one neuron is actually part of both the white and the gray matter in the nervous system.

Nervous tissue contains a variety of support cells in order to preserve the neurons in the brain, known as glial cells. Microglia are similar to monocytes, a type of white blood cell. They are used to remove debris and pathogens from the central nervous system.

Schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes are all part of the neural glia. Schwann cells produce myelin around the axons of neurons in the peripheral nervous system, while oligodendrocytes produce myelin for the axons of neurons in the central nervous system. Astrocytes around found in the central nervous system and help create the blood-brain barrier.

Neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminal into the synaptic cleft.

Neurons are essential for transmitting signals, but do so without actually touching one another. The space between neurons is known as the synaptic cleft, or synapse. When a signal reaches the end of one neuron at the axon terminal, it causes neurotransmitters to be released from vesicles. The neurotransmitter molecules travel to the dendrites of the next neuron, which receives the signal and passes it down the next axon.

The soma is the cell body of the neuron, which synthesizes proteins and integrates incoming signals. Nodes of Ranvier are regions along myelinated axons that allow for faster action potential conduction.

Neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminal into the synaptic cleft.

Neurons are essential for transmitting signals, but do so without actually touching one another. The space between neurons is known as the synaptic cleft, or synapse. When a signal reaches the end of one neuron at the axon terminal, it causes neurotransmitters to be released from vesicles. The neurotransmitter molecules travel to the dendrites of the next neuron, which receives the signal and passes it down the next axon.

The soma is the cell body of the neuron, which synthesizes proteins and integrates incoming signals. Nodes of Ranvier are regions along myelinated axons that allow for faster action potential conduction.

At rest, the neuron will have large amounts of sodium outside the cell and large amounts of potassium inside the cell. When an action potential reaches the axon of the neuron, it opens voltage-gated sodium channels. Sodium immediately rushes through these channels to enter the cell, flowing from high sodium concentration to low sodium concentration. This event is known as depolarization.

Later in the action potential, potassium channels will open and potassium will rush out of the cell along its concentration gradient. This is part of the action potential leads to hyperpolarization.

At rest, the neuron will have large amounts of sodium outside the cell and large amounts of potassium inside the cell. When an action potential reaches the axon of the neuron, it opens voltage-gated sodium channels. Sodium immediately rushes through these channels to enter the cell, flowing from high sodium concentration to low sodium concentration. This event is known as depolarization.

Later in the action potential, potassium channels will open and potassium will rush out of the cell along its concentration gradient. This is part of the action potential leads to hyperpolarization.

Astrocytes are responsible for proliferating in regards to brain injury. They also help to make the blood brain barrier (BBB) and are a glycogen fuel reserve buffer. Microglial cells are phagocytes of the central nervous system. They respond to tissue damage by differentiation into large phagocytic cells. Myelin helps to wrap and and insulate axons. It increases space constant (length constant) and increases conduction velocity. Oligodendrocytes myelinate the axons of neurons in the central nervous system.

The inside of a neuron always has a net negative charge at resting state and only becomes positive briefly when threshold is reached causing an action potential. This is due to the concentration and flow of positive sodium and potassium ions that exist at differing gradients when the neuron is at rest.