Gametes are formed during the process of meiosis. Oogenesis is the process by which the female games are produced, which occurs in the ovary. The product of oogenesis is one mature egg from one primary oocyte; this occurs about once every four weeks in humans.

Oogonia are the primordial oocytes formed inside females either during or shortly after birth. At this time, the formation of primary oocytes occurs during dictyate, which lasts until the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) just before the onset of puberty. After menarche, a few of these cells will further develop each period into secondary oocytes, which are halted in metaphase II until fertilization. At the end of meiosis II, both polar bodies created to discard extra haploid sets of chromosomes disintegrate, leaving behind the oocyte which can then mature into an ovum. Thus, the correct order is the following order: oogonium, primary oocyte, secondary oocyte, and ovum.

Gametes are formed during the process of meiosis. Oogenesis is the process by which the female games are produced, which occurs in the ovary. The product of oogenesis is one mature egg from one primary oocyte; this occurs about once every four weeks in humans.

Oogonia are the primordial oocytes formed inside females either during or shortly after birth. At this time, the formation of primary oocytes occurs during dictyate, which lasts until the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) just before the onset of puberty. After menarche, a few of these cells will further develop each period into secondary oocytes, which are halted in metaphase II until fertilization. At the end of meiosis II, both polar bodies created to discard extra haploid sets of chromosomes disintegrate, leaving behind the oocyte which can then mature into an ovum. Thus, the correct order is the following order: oogonium, primary oocyte, secondary oocyte, and ovum.

Crossing over is a process that happens between homologous chromosomes in order to increase genetic diversity. During crossing over, part of one chromosome is exchanged with another. The result is a hybrid chromosome with a unique pattern of genetic material. Gametes gain the ability to be genetically different from their neighboring gametes after crossing over occurs. This allows for genetic diversity, which will help cells participate in survival of the fittest and evolution.

Crossing over is a process that happens between homologous chromosomes in order to increase genetic diversity. During crossing over, part of one chromosome is exchanged with another. The result is a hybrid chromosome with a unique pattern of genetic material. Gametes gain the ability to be genetically different from their neighboring gametes after crossing over occurs. This allows for genetic diversity, which will help cells participate in survival of the fittest and evolution.

Spermatogenesis is the process of producing the male gametes, spermatozoa (sperm). The spermatogonia in the seminiferous tubules of the testes mature into spermatocytes, which undergo meiosis to form spermatozoa. The spermatozoa complete their maturation process in the epididymas, then they are ready to enter the vas deferens before ejaculation. Lumen is a general term that means "an opening." Although spermatogenesis does occur in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules, the term lumen is too broad and is not the best answer. An ampulla is a general term that, in anatomy, means "the dilated end of a duct." There is an ampulla of the vas deferens before it enters the prostate gland, but spermatogenesis does not occur there. The prostate gland produces a milky, alkaline solution that comprises about 30% of semen. The seminal vesicles are glands that produce the majority of the solution that will become semen. Note the difference between semen (fluid) and sperm (cells).

A spermatid is the final product of spermatogenesis. It is a haploid cell, meaning it has only one copy of each allele (one of each chromosome instead of two). Normal diploid cells have two copies of each chromosome, for a total of 46. Spermatids have half this number, for a total of 23 chromosomes. Each chromosome is composed of only a single chromatid following division, for a total of 23 chromatids.

When the zygote is formed during the fusion of the sperm and egg cells, the final cell is diploid, containing 46 chromosomes (23 from each gamete).

An outline of spermatogenesis is given here for further understanding.

Spermatogenesis Timeline:

1. Spermatogonium (46 chromosomes, 92 chromatids)

- Has a pair of each chromosome, and each individual chromosome has two chromatids.

- Undergoes mitosis (normal cell division) to produce a primary speratocyte.

1. Primary spermatocyte (46 chromosomes, 46 chromatids)

- Has a pair of each chromosome and each individual chromosome has one chromatid.

- Then replicates its DNA, resulting in 46 chromosomes with 92 chromatids.

- Then undergoes meiosis I (homologous chromosome pairs separate), producing two secondary spermatocytes.

1. Secondary spermatocytes (23 chromosomes, 46 chromatids)

- Has one of each chromosome, and each individual chromosome has two chromatids.

- Each secondart spermatocyte undergoes meiosis II (chromatids of each chromosome separate, similar to mitosis), producing a total of four spermatids.

1. Spermatids (23 chromosomes, 23 chromatids).

- Has one of each chromosome, and each individual chromosome has one chromatid

Follicular atresia is a hormone-controlled, apoptotic (cell-suicide) process by which immature follicles degenerate and are resorbed into the main body of the ovary, leaving one out of typically 20 primary follicles standing as a secondary follicle. This process, moderated by follicle stimulating hormone and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), assists the body in forming the corpus luteum out of the remaining follicle following ovulation, as the body would otherwise not be able to generate enough progesterone to continue the process.

Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tube. After fertilization, the diploid zygote will begin the process of implantation into the uterus, where it undergoes mitotic divisions. The resulting multicellular organism is called the embryo, which further develops in the uterus into a fetus.