AP Psychology › Language
Which of the following best describes the difference between semantics and pragmatics?
Semantics refers to the learning of different word meanings, whereas pragmatics refers to the actual use of different words
Pragmatics refers to different word meanings, whereas semantics refers to the learning of different word uses
Semantics refers to the learning of sounds and words, whereas pragmatics refers to the learning of phrases and sentences
Semantics refers to the learning of different sentence structures, whereas pragmatics refers to paragraph structures
None of these
Semantics refers to the fact that children must learn combinations of phonemes that represent certain events, people, or objects. Pragmatics refers to the usage of different words, phrases, and slang terms. Children must learn how tone of voice and modulation can shape the meaning of a sentence. The same sentence might mean two different things in different contexts.
A gorilla which has learned a limited form of sign language gains the attention of its trainer and signs the incomplete sentence "treat, bring now."
This is most closely an example of which of the following?
Telegraphic speech
Babbling
Syntax error
Overgeneralization
Language drift
Telegraphic speech is speech during the two-word stage of language acquisition, consisting of commands or imperatives given in three-or-more word sentences consisting of functional words only. A sentence like "treat, bring now" contains enough to make the message effective, if not particularly precise.
The term paralinguistics refers to which of the following?
Unspoken features of spoken communication
Languages other than a speaker's first language
Languages of Indonesian origin
Ancient methods of communication such as petroglyphs
It is always of great help to know a large range of prefixes and suffixes when heading into standardized exams. Note that “para” means besides or outside of, therefore, paralinguistics are those vocal (excluding actual words) and non-vocal elements of communication that carry meaning. Elements of paralinguistics include pitch, rate of speech, fluency of speech, volume, and a host of signs and sounds that work to color what we are saying.
The term aprosodia most nearly means which of the following?
An inability to understand or utilize emotion in spoken language (flat speech, randomly intoned speech, etc.)
An inability to understand the way in which morphemes modify a base word in speech (morphemic errors)
An inability to apply a consistent tempo to speech (inappropriate speed of speech)
An inability to interpret tone from written language
Prosody concerns itself with the elements of speech which are generated from interactions between units of language beyond phonemic elements (syllables, word play, etc.), and covers parts of language like tone, stress, and rhythm. Aprosodia, or the inability to recognize and generate these elements of speech, is often a classic sign of Asperger's Syndrome.
A gorilla which has learned a limited form of sign language gains the attention of its trainer and signs the incomplete sentence "treat, bring now."
This is most closely an example of which of the following?
Telegraphic speech
Babbling
Syntax error
Overgeneralization
Language drift
Telegraphic speech is speech during the two-word stage of language acquisition, consisting of commands or imperatives given in three-or-more word sentences consisting of functional words only. A sentence like "treat, bring now" contains enough to make the message effective, if not particularly precise.
Which of the following best describes the difference between semantics and pragmatics?
Semantics refers to the learning of different word meanings, whereas pragmatics refers to the actual use of different words
Pragmatics refers to different word meanings, whereas semantics refers to the learning of different word uses
Semantics refers to the learning of sounds and words, whereas pragmatics refers to the learning of phrases and sentences
Semantics refers to the learning of different sentence structures, whereas pragmatics refers to paragraph structures
None of these
Semantics refers to the fact that children must learn combinations of phonemes that represent certain events, people, or objects. Pragmatics refers to the usage of different words, phrases, and slang terms. Children must learn how tone of voice and modulation can shape the meaning of a sentence. The same sentence might mean two different things in different contexts.
The term paralinguistics refers to which of the following?
Unspoken features of spoken communication
Languages other than a speaker's first language
Languages of Indonesian origin
Ancient methods of communication such as petroglyphs
It is always of great help to know a large range of prefixes and suffixes when heading into standardized exams. Note that “para” means besides or outside of, therefore, paralinguistics are those vocal (excluding actual words) and non-vocal elements of communication that carry meaning. Elements of paralinguistics include pitch, rate of speech, fluency of speech, volume, and a host of signs and sounds that work to color what we are saying.
The term aprosodia most nearly means which of the following?
An inability to understand or utilize emotion in spoken language (flat speech, randomly intoned speech, etc.)
An inability to understand the way in which morphemes modify a base word in speech (morphemic errors)
An inability to apply a consistent tempo to speech (inappropriate speed of speech)
An inability to interpret tone from written language
Prosody concerns itself with the elements of speech which are generated from interactions between units of language beyond phonemic elements (syllables, word play, etc.), and covers parts of language like tone, stress, and rhythm. Aprosodia, or the inability to recognize and generate these elements of speech, is often a classic sign of Asperger's Syndrome.
The study of kinesics is most closely associated with which of the following psychologists?
Ray Birdwhistell
Edward T. Hall
George L. Trager
Charles F. Hockett
Kinesics is the study of all forms of nonverbal communication given by bodily motions and facial expressions, and is generally considered to be founded by Ray Birdwhistell in the 1950's. The common term "body language" was actually never used by Birdwhistell, as linguists of the day would not consider bodily expressions to meet the technical definition of a language.
Which of the following words contains an example of a cranberry morpheme?
Progeny
Damaging
Sublimation
Deadly
Killed
A cranberry morpheme is a type of morpheme (the smallest meaningful unit of language) which has no independent meaning or function, but which still serves to distinguish one word from another. In this case, progeny contains the the cranberry morpheme '-geny', an obsolete term designating offspring which is also found in exogeny and endogeny.