Human beings have somatic (body) cells that are diploid. This means that each cell has two copies of each of the 23 chromosomes: one from the father and one from the mother. As a result, the karyotype of a human being would show 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. Diploid cells contain two non-identical copies of the same genes. All diploid cells will contain two separate alleles for each gene in the genome, represented by the two homologous chromosomes.

An important note to make is that human germ (sex) cells are haploid, meaning that the chromosomes are not paired in sperm cells and egg cells.

Human beings have somatic (body) cells that are diploid. This means that each cell has two copies of each of the 23 chromosomes: one from the father and one from the mother. As a result, the karyotype of a human being would show 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. Diploid cells contain two non-identical copies of the same genes. All diploid cells will contain two separate alleles for each gene in the genome, represented by the two homologous chromosomes.

An important note to make is that human germ (sex) cells are haploid, meaning that the chromosomes are not paired in sperm cells and egg cells.

Nucleosomes are the basic, repeating units of eukaryotic chromatin. They consist of chromosomal DNA wrapped around special DNA-binding proteins called histones. There are many examples of non-chromosomal DNA, such as plasmids, but they do not contain nucleosomes. Nuclear import is controlled by importin proteins.

Nucleosomes are the basic, repeating units of eukaryotic chromatin. They consist of chromosomal DNA wrapped around special DNA-binding proteins called histones. There are many examples of non-chromosomal DNA, such as plasmids, but they do not contain nucleosomes. Nuclear import is controlled by importin proteins.

DNA is stored in loosely wound euchromatin before mitosis. During mitosis, the DNA condenses into chromosomes, which are made of heterochromatin. It becomes more dense during prophase, and stays that way until the end of mitosis. Euchromatin is more lightly packed than heterochromatin.

Mitosis follows the following sequence: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis. Interphase refers to the time period between mitotic divisions. During interphase, most DNA is euchromatin, but some regions remain as heterochromatin to prevent unwanted transcription; thus DNA exists as both types of chromatin during interphase, but only as heterochromatin during mitosis. Matching euchromatin to telophase is the answer, as this is a false statement.

DNA is stored in loosely wound euchromatin before mitosis. During mitosis, the DNA condenses into chromosomes, which are made of heterochromatin. It becomes more dense during prophase, and stays that way until the end of mitosis. Euchromatin is more lightly packed than heterochromatin.

Mitosis follows the following sequence: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis. Interphase refers to the time period between mitotic divisions. During interphase, most DNA is euchromatin, but some regions remain as heterochromatin to prevent unwanted transcription; thus DNA exists as both types of chromatin during interphase, but only as heterochromatin during mitosis. Matching euchromatin to telophase is the answer, as this is a false statement.

Karyotypes describe whole chromosome structure, including the number and size of chromosomes, position of centromeres, distribution of heterochromatin versus euchromatin, and the presence of satellite chromosomes that are found near the centromeres. However, a karyotype is unable to label specific gene sequences and determine their chromosomal locations. Most karyotypes depict chromosomes of a cell in metaphase.

Karyotypes describe whole chromosome structure, including the number and size of chromosomes, position of centromeres, distribution of heterochromatin versus euchromatin, and the presence of satellite chromosomes that are found near the centromeres. However, a karyotype is unable to label specific gene sequences and determine their chromosomal locations. Most karyotypes depict chromosomes of a cell in metaphase.

The correct answer is histones. DNA wraps around histones to form the nucleosomes. Further condensation of many nucleosomes results in chromatin (DNA state). Histone methyltransferases are important enzymes that modify histones during epigenetic gene regulation; however, they are not necessary for nucleosome formation. DNA ligase is responsible for catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds, but is unrelated to nucleosome formation.

The correct answer is histones. DNA wraps around histones to form the nucleosomes. Further condensation of many nucleosomes results in chromatin (DNA state). Histone methyltransferases are important enzymes that modify histones during epigenetic gene regulation; however, they are not necessary for nucleosome formation. DNA ligase is responsible for catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds, but is unrelated to nucleosome formation.