GRE Subject Test: Biology › Cell Biology
Proteins have many functions. Which of the following can be functions of proteins?
I. Enzymes
II. Transcriptional regulators
III. Structural proteins
IV. Hormones
I, II, III, and IV
I, III, and IV
I and II
I, II, and III
I, III, IV
Proteins serve all of these functions and many more. Most enzymes are proteins, which help to catalyze spontaneous reactions. Ribozymes can also serve this function but are instead made out of RNA. Proteins can act as transcriptional regulators which can turn on or off gene transcription. Structural proteins, such as actin, can help to maintain the shape of a cell. Other small proteins, such as insulin, can act as hormones which can diffuse throughout the body relaying important messages.
Proteins have many functions. Which of the following can be functions of proteins?
I. Enzymes
II. Transcriptional regulators
III. Structural proteins
IV. Hormones
I, II, III, and IV
I, III, and IV
I and II
I, II, and III
I, III, IV
Proteins serve all of these functions and many more. Most enzymes are proteins, which help to catalyze spontaneous reactions. Ribozymes can also serve this function but are instead made out of RNA. Proteins can act as transcriptional regulators which can turn on or off gene transcription. Structural proteins, such as actin, can help to maintain the shape of a cell. Other small proteins, such as insulin, can act as hormones which can diffuse throughout the body relaying important messages.
Proteins have many functions. Which of the following can be functions of proteins?
I. Enzymes
II. Transcriptional regulators
III. Structural proteins
IV. Hormones
I, II, III, and IV
I, III, and IV
I and II
I, II, and III
I, III, IV
Proteins serve all of these functions and many more. Most enzymes are proteins, which help to catalyze spontaneous reactions. Ribozymes can also serve this function but are instead made out of RNA. Proteins can act as transcriptional regulators which can turn on or off gene transcription. Structural proteins, such as actin, can help to maintain the shape of a cell. Other small proteins, such as insulin, can act as hormones which can diffuse throughout the body relaying important messages.
In the Calvin cycle, carbon is reduced to ultimately form glucose. Where does this carbon come from?
Air
Soil
Sun
Water
Mineralized rock
The carbon fixed in the Calvin cycle comes from the air in the form of . This carbon is reduced through the usage of NADPH and ATP, produced in the light reactions of photosynthesis, in order to make glucose.
The soil provides valuable water and mineral nutrients for the plant. The sun provides the energy necessary to drive photosynthesis. And pure water contains only hydrogen and oxygen. Lithotrophs utilize inorganic carbon, usually from rocks.
In the Calvin cycle, carbon is reduced to ultimately form glucose. Where does this carbon come from?
Air
Soil
Sun
Water
Mineralized rock
The carbon fixed in the Calvin cycle comes from the air in the form of . This carbon is reduced through the usage of NADPH and ATP, produced in the light reactions of photosynthesis, in order to make glucose.
The soil provides valuable water and mineral nutrients for the plant. The sun provides the energy necessary to drive photosynthesis. And pure water contains only hydrogen and oxygen. Lithotrophs utilize inorganic carbon, usually from rocks.
Proteins have many functions. Which of the following can be functions of proteins?
I. Enzymes
II. Transcriptional regulators
III. Structural proteins
IV. Hormones
I, II, III, and IV
I, III, and IV
I and II
I, II, and III
I, III, IV
Proteins serve all of these functions and many more. Most enzymes are proteins, which help to catalyze spontaneous reactions. Ribozymes can also serve this function but are instead made out of RNA. Proteins can act as transcriptional regulators which can turn on or off gene transcription. Structural proteins, such as actin, can help to maintain the shape of a cell. Other small proteins, such as insulin, can act as hormones which can diffuse throughout the body relaying important messages.
In the Calvin cycle, carbon is reduced to ultimately form glucose. Where does this carbon come from?
Air
Soil
Sun
Water
Mineralized rock
The carbon fixed in the Calvin cycle comes from the air in the form of . This carbon is reduced through the usage of NADPH and ATP, produced in the light reactions of photosynthesis, in order to make glucose.
The soil provides valuable water and mineral nutrients for the plant. The sun provides the energy necessary to drive photosynthesis. And pure water contains only hydrogen and oxygen. Lithotrophs utilize inorganic carbon, usually from rocks.
Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the reappearance of the nuclear envelope?
Telophase
Metaphase
Prophase
Anaphase
Once the cell has split and transported its sister chromatids to opposite ends of the cell, the nuclear envelopes can begin to regenerate around the genetic material at each pole. This event occurs during the end of mitosis, commonly known as telophase.
Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the reappearance of the nuclear envelope?
Telophase
Metaphase
Prophase
Anaphase
Once the cell has split and transported its sister chromatids to opposite ends of the cell, the nuclear envelopes can begin to regenerate around the genetic material at each pole. This event occurs during the end of mitosis, commonly known as telophase.
Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the reappearance of the nuclear envelope?
Telophase
Metaphase
Prophase
Anaphase
Once the cell has split and transported its sister chromatids to opposite ends of the cell, the nuclear envelopes can begin to regenerate around the genetic material at each pole. This event occurs during the end of mitosis, commonly known as telophase.