Advanced Placement Practice Tests

Topics

• AP Chemistry

  • Compounds and Molecules

    • Bonding and Forces

      • Intermolecular Forces

      • Covalent Bonds

      • Hydrogen Bonding

      • Ionic Bonds

      • Polarity and Dipole

      • Other Bonding Concepts

      • Types of Chemical Bonds

      • Intramolecular Force and Potential Energy

      • VSEPR and Bond Hybridization

    • Compounds

      • Mass

      • Polyatomic Ions and Functional Groups

      • Naming Compounds

      • Organic Compounds

      • Properties of Compounds

    • Molecules

      • Molecular Formula

      • Lewis Diagrams

      • Molecular and Electronic Geometries

      • VSEPR Theory

      • Other Molecular Concepts

    • Structure of Ionic Solids

  • Elements and Atoms

    • Electrons and Quantum Theory

      • Electron Configuration

      • History and Experiments with Electrons

      • Orbitals and Hybridization

      • Quantum Numbers

    • Elements, Ions, and Isotopes

      • Isotopes

      • Atomic Mass

      • Atoms

      • Ions

      • Other Atomic Concepts

      • Radioactive Decay and Nuclear Chemistry

    • The Periodic Table

      • Elemental Properties and Types

      • History of the Periodic Table

      • Periodic Trends

      • Special Groups

  • Laboratory Techniques and Analysis

    • Calculations

      • Data Analysis and Other Calculations

      • Interpreting Graphs and Tables

      • Significant Figures

      • Yield and Error

    • Laboratory Equipment and Procedure

      • Drawing Conclusions from Observations

      • Hypotheses and Procedures

      • Laboratory Equipment

      • Safety

  • Reactions and Equilibrium

    • Chemical Equilibrium

      • Equilibrium and Thermodynamics

      • Equilibrium Constant and Reaction Quotient

      • Le Chatelier's Principle

      • System Equilibrium

      • Properties of the Equilibrium Constant

      • Calculating the Equilibrium Concentrations

    • Reaction Types

      • Acid-Base Reactions+7 topics

        • pH

        • Buffers

        • Identifying and Defining Acids and Bases

        • Titrations and Indicators

        • Molecular Structure of Acids and Bases

        • PH and Pka

        • pH and POH of Strong Acids and Bases

      • Fundamental Reaction Concepts+3 topics

        • Addition and Decomposition Reactions

        • Balancing and Predicting Reactions

        • Single and Double Replacement Reactions

      • Oxidation-Reduction Reactions+7 topics

        • Combustion

        • Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

        • Electrochemistry

        • Half Reactions

        • Oxidation State

        • Reduction Potential

        • Principles of Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

  • Solutions and States of Matter

    • Gases

      • Effusion

      • Gas Laws

      • Other Gas Concepts

      • Partial Pressure

      • Properties of Gases

      • Deviations from Ideal Gas Law

      • Ideal Gas Law

    • Phase Changes

      • Energy of Phase Changes

      • Phase Diagrams

      • Types of Phase Changes

    • Solids and Liquids

      • Properties of Liquids

      • Properties of Solids

    • Solutions

      • Colligative Properties

      • Concentration and Units

      • Precipitates and Calculations

      • Solubility Rules

      • Solubility and Equilibrium

      • Other Solution Concepts

      • Representations of Solutions

      • Spectroscopy and Electromagnetic Spectrum

      • Solubility

    • Solids, Liquids, and Gases

  • Stoichiometry

    • Avogadro's Number

    • Balancing Equations

    • Empirical and Molecular Formulas

    • Limiting Reagent

    • Molar Mass

    • Other Stoichiometric Calculations

    • Stoichiometry with Reactions

    • Unit Conversions

  • Thermochemistry and Kinetics

    • Kinetics and Energy

      • Activation Energy

      • Energy Diagrams

      • Enzymes and Catalysts

      • Kinetic Molecular Theory

      • Reaction Rate and Rate Law

      • Principles of Reaction Kinetics

      • Integrated Rate Laws

      • Reaction Mechanisms

      • Reaction Energy Profile

    • Thermodynamics

      • Calorimetry, Specific Heat, and Calculations

      • Endergonic and Exergonic Reactions

      • Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions

      • Enthalpy

      • Entropy

      • Gibbs Free Energy and Spontaneity

      • Laws of Thermodynamics

      • Hess' Law

      • Cell Potential Under Non-standard Conditions

      • Electrolysis and Faraday's Law

      • Galvanic (Voltai) and Elecrolytic Cells

      • Cell Potential and Free Energy

  • Atomic Structure and Properties

    • Composition of mixtures

    • Photoelectron Spectroscopy

    • Moles and Molar Mass

    • Mass Spectroscopy of the Elements

    • Elemental Composition of Pure Substances

    • Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration

  • Chemical Reactions

    • Net Ionic Equations

    • Introduction for Reactions

• AP Environmental Sciences

  • Introductory Concepts and Earth Science

    • Earth Science

      • Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes

      • Natural Disasters

      • Seasons

      • Earth-Sun Relationships

    • Atmosphere

      • Atmospheric Organization

      • Weather

      • Atmospheric Movement and Patterns

      • Atmosphere-Ocean Relationships

      • ENSO

    • Water Resources

      • Freshwater

      • Salt Water

      • Surface Water and Underground Water

      • Ocean Dynamics

      • General Water Usage

      • Water Problems and Solutions

    • Soil and Geology

      • Geological Time Scale

      • Rock Cycle

      • Soil Formation, Composition, and Properties

      • Types of Soil

      • Soil Problems and Solutions

  • Ecosystems and Biology

    • Ecosystem Development and Relationships

      • Populations and Communities

      • Niches

      • Species Relationships and Diversity

      • Biomes

      • Food Webs and Pyramids

    • Ecological Change

      • Change Due to Natural Events

      • Evolution

      • Natural Selection

      • Ecological Succession

      • Human Impact on Ecological Change

    • Energy and Biochemical Cycles

      • Energy Dynamics+3 topics

        • Photosynthesis

        • Cellular Respiration

        • Trophic Levels

      • Biochemical Cycles+5 topics

        • Carbon Cycle

        • Nitrogen Cycle

        • Phosphorus Cycle

        • Sulfur Cycle

        • Water Cycle

    • Population Ecology

      • Carrying Capacity

      • Reproductive Patterns and Principles

      • The Human Population

  • Material Resources

    • Agriculture

    • Forests

    • Rangelands

    • Mining

    • Fishing

    • Other Material Resources

    • Economics and Resources

    • Politics and Resources

  • Energy Production and Usage

    • Introductory Energy Topics

      • Types of Energy

      • Units and Conversions

      • Laws of Thermodynamics

    • Energy Usage

      • Large-Scale Energy Usage

      • Small-Scale Energy Usage

    • Energy Sources and Production

      • Fossil Fuels+5 topics

        • Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas

        • Formation, Extraction, and Purification

        • Global Fossil Fuel Supplies and Demands

        • Advantages and Disadvantages of Fossil Fuels

      • Nuclear Energy+5 topics

        • Fission and Fusion

        • Electricity Production and Nuclear Reactors

        • Advantages and Disadvantages of Nuclear Energy

        • Safety and Radiation

      • Hydroelectric Energy+3 topics

        • Dams

        • Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydroelectric Energy

      • Other Energy Sources+7 topics

        • Solar Energy

        • Biomass

        • Hydrogen and Fuel Cells

        • Geothermal Energy

        • Other Energy Sources

    • Energy Conservation

      • Efficiency

      • CAFE Standards

  • Pollution

    • Types of Pollution

    • Ecological Impacts

    • Health Impacts

    • Economic Impacts

  • Global Effects and Dynamics

    • Ozone

      • Ozone Formation

      • Ultraviolet Light and Radiation

      • Causes and Effects of Ozone Loss

      • Politics and Ozone

      • Conservation of Ozone

    • Global Warming

      • Greenhouse Gases

      • Greenhouse Effect

      • Impact of Global Warming

      • Politics and Global Warming

      • Reducing Global Warming

    • Ecological Consequences

      • Habitats and Biomes

      • Biodiversity

      • Other Ecological Consequences

• AP Physics 2

  • Thermodynamics

    • Laws of Thermodynamics

    • Heat Transfer and Thermal Equilibrium

    • Kinetic Molecular Theory

    • Properties of Ideal Gases

    • Ideal Gas Law

    • Other Thermodynamics Concepts

    • Work, Enthalpy, and Internal Energy

  • Fluids

    • Fluid Dynamics

      • Poiseuille Flow

      • Turbulence

      • Flow Rate

      • Bernoulli's Equation

      • Other Fluid Dynamics

    • Fluid Statics

      • Buoyant Force

      • Pressure

      • Density and Specific Gravity

      • Archimedes' Principle

  • Optics

    • Thin Lens Equation

    • Magnification

    • Mirrors

    • Lenses

    • Snell's Law

    • Total Internal Reflection

    • Index of Refraction

    • Other Optics Principles

  • Electricity and Magnetism

    • Circuits

      • Circuit Components+5 topics

        • Capacitors and Capacitance

        • Capacitor Energy

        • Properties of Capacitors and Dielectrics

        • Capacitors and Electric Fields

        • Resistors and Resistance

      • Circuit Properties+7 topics

        • Ohm's Law

        • Current and Voltage

        • Understanding DC Circuit Diagrams

        • Understanding RC Circuit Diagrams

        • Resistivity

        • Circuit Power

        • Other Circuit Principles

    • Electrostatics

      • Point Charges

      • Electric Fields

      • Electric Force in an Electric Field

      • Electric Force Between Point Charges

      • Electric Potential Energy

      • Gauss's Law

      • Charge Distribution

      • Other Electrostatic Concepts

    • Magnetism and Electromagnetism

      • Electromotive Force and Magnetic Flux

      • Magnetic Fields

      • Magnetic Force

      • Right Hand Rule for Current-Carrying Wire

      • Right Hand Rule for Charge in a Magnetic Field

      • Induction

      • Solenoids

      • Other Magnetism Concepts

  • Quantum and Nuclear Physics

    • Principles of Quantum Mechanics

      • Electromagnetic Spectrum and Radiation

      • Photons and Photon Energy

      • Wave-Particle Duality

      • Mass-Energy Equivalence

      • Principles of General Relativity

      • Principles of Special Relativity

      • Other Principles of Quantum Mechanics

    • Atomic and Nuclear Physics

      • Atomic Models

      • Electron Energy Levels

      • Subatomic Particles

      • Radioactive Nuclear Decay

      • Fusion and Fission

      • Nuclear Forces and Interactions

      • Other Principles of Nuclear Physics

  • Waves

    • Representing Waves as Sine and Cosine Functions

    • Wave Interference and Diffraction

    • Doppler Effect

    • Slit Experiments

    • Other Wave Concepts

• GRE Subject Test: Literature in English

  • History and Theory of Literary Criticism

    • Structuralism and Deconstruction

      • Structuralism / Semiotics

      • Post-Structuralism / Deconstruction

    • Formalism and Historicism

      • Formalism / New Criticism

      • New Historicism / Cultural Studies

    • Other Critical Lenses

      • Postcolonial Criticism

      • Feminist Criticism

      • Gender/Queer Studies

      • Reader-Response Theory

      • Marxist Criticism

      • Psychoanalytic Criticism

      • Aristotelian Criticism

      • Other Critical Schools of Thought

  • Literary Analysis

    • Literary Analysis of Poetry

      • Literary Analysis of British Poetry+3 topics

        • Literary Analysis of British Poetry 1660–1925

        • Literary Analysis of British Poetry After 1925

        • Literary Analysis of British Poetry to 1660

      • Literary Analysis of American Poetry+2 topics

        • Literary Analysis of American Poetry Before 1925

        • Literary Analysis of American Poetry After 1925

      • Literary Analysis of World Poetry+2 topics

        • Literary Analysis of World Poetry Before 1925

        • Literary Analysis of World Poetry After 1925

    • Literary Analysis of Prose

      • Literary Analysis of British Prose

      • Literary Analysis of American Prose

      • Literary Analysis of World Prose

    • Literary Analysis of Plays

      • Literary Analysis of British Plays

      • Literary Analysis of American Plays

  • Identification

    • Identification of Poetry

      • Identification of British Poetry+3 topics

        • Identification of British Poetry After 1925

        • Identification of British Poetry 1660–1925

        • Identification of British Poetry to 1660

      • Identification of American Poetry+2 topics

        • Identification of American Poetry Before 1925

        • Identification of American Poetry After 1925

      • Identification of World Poetry+2 topics

        • Identification of World Poetry Before 1925

        • Identification of World Poetry After 1925

    • Identification of Prose

      • Identification of British Prose+3 topics

        • Identification of British Prose to 1660

        • Identification of British Prose After 1925

        • Identification of British Prose 1660–1925

      • Identification of American Prose+2 topics

        • Identification of American Prose Before 1925

        • Identification of American Prose After 1925

      • Identification of World Prose+2 topics

        • Identification of World Prose Before 1925

        • Identification of World Prose After 1925

    • Identification of Plays

      • Identification of British Plays+3 topics

        • Identification of British Plays to 1660

        • Identification of British Plays After 1925

        • Identification of British Plays 1660–1925

      • Identification of American Plays+2 topics

        • Identification of American Plays Before 1925

        • Identification of American Plays After 1925

      • Identification of World Plays+2 topics

        • Identification of World Plays Before 1925

        • Identification of World Plays After 1925

  • Cultural and Historical Contexts

    • Contexts of Poetry

      • Contexts of British Poetry+3 topics

        • Contexts of British Poetry After 1925

        • Contexts of British Poetry 1660–1925

        • Contexts of British Poetry to 1660

      • Contexts of American Poetry+2 topics

        • Contexts of American Poetry Before 1925

        • Contexts of American Poetry After 1925

      • Contexts of World Poetry+3 topics

        • Contexts of World Poetry to 1660

        • Contexts of World Poetry 1660–1925

        • Contexts of World Poetry After 1925

    • Contexts of Prose

      • Contexts of British Prose+3 topics

        • Contexts of British Prose to 1660

        • Contexts of British Prose 1660–1925

        • Contexts of British Prose After 1925

      • Contexts of American Prose+2 topics

        • Contexts of American Prose Before 1925

        • Contexts of American Prose After 1925

      • Contexts of World Prose+2 topics

        • Contexts of World Prose Before 1925

        • Contexts of World Prose After 1925

    • Contexts of Plays

      • Contexts of British Plays+3 topics

        • Contexts of British Plays to 1660

        • Contexts of British Plays 1660–1925

        • Contexts of British Plays After 1925

      • Contexts of American Plays+2 topics

        • Contexts of American Plays Before 1925

        • Contexts of American Plays After 1925

      • Contexts of World Plays+2 topics

        • Contexts of World Plays Before 1925

        • Contexts of World Plays After 1925

• AP World History

  • Cultural History

    • Religions

      • Religions from Prehistory to 600 BCE

      • Religions 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Religions 600 CE to 1450

      • Religions 1450 to 1750

      • Religions 1750 to 1900

      • Religions 1900 to Present

    • Philosophies and Ideologies

      • Philosophies and Ideologies 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Philosophies and Ideologies 600 CE to 1450

      • Philosophies and Ideologies 1450 to 1750

      • Philosophies and Ideologies 1750 to 1900

      • Philosophies and Ideologies 1900 to Present

    • Literature, Art, and Architecture

      • Literature, Art, and Architecture from Prehistory to 600 BCE

      • Literature, Art, and Architecture 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Literature, Art, and Architecture 600 CE to 1450

      • Literature, Art, and Architecture 1450 to 1750

      • Literature, Art, and Architecture 1750 to 1900

      • Literature, Art, and Architecture 1900 to Present

    • Science and Technology

      • Science and Technology from Prehistory to 600 BCE

      • Science and Technology 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Science and Technology 600 CE to 1450

      • Science and Technology 1450 to 1750

      • Science and Technology 1750 to 1900

      • Science and Technology 1900 to Present

  • Social History

    • Gender

      • Gender from Prehistory to 600 BCE

      • Gender 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Gender 600 CE to 1450

      • Gender 1450 to 1750

      • Gender 1750 to 1900

      • Gender 1900 to Present

    • Family and Kinship

      • Family and Kinship Prehistory to 600 BCE

      • Family and Kinship 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Family and Kinship 600 CE to 1450

      • Family and Kinship 1450 to 1750

      • Family and Kinship 1750 to 1900

      • Family and Kinship 1900 to Present

    • Ethnic Identities

      • Ethnic Identities 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Ethnic Identities 600 CE to 1450

      • Ethnic Identities 1450 to 1750

      • Ethnic Identities 1750 to 1900

      • Ethnic Identities 1900 to Present

    • Socioeconomic Classes

      • Socioeconomic Classes 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Socioeconomic Classes 600 CE to 1450

      • Socioeconomic Classes 1450 to 1750

      • Socioeconomic Classes 1750 to 1900

      • Socioeconomic Classes 1900 to Present

  • Demographic and Environmental History

    • Migration, Settlement, and Demography

      • Migration, Settlement, and Demography from Prehistory to 600 BCE

      • Migration, Settlement, and Demography 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Migration, Settlement, and Demography 600 CE to 1450

      • Migration, Settlement, and Demography 1450 to 1750

      • Migration, Settlement, and Demography 1750 to 1900

      • Migration, Settlement, and Demography 1900 to Present

    • Agriculture

      • Agriculture from Prehistory to 600 BCE

      • Agriculture 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Agriculture 600 CE to 1450

      • Agriculture 1450 to 1750

      • Agriculture 1750 to 1900

      • Agriculture 1900 to Present

    • Environmental Interactions

      • Environmental Interactions from Prehistory to 600 BCE

      • Environmental Interactions 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Environmental Interactions 600 CE to 1450

      • Environmental Interactions 1900 to Present

  • Political History

    • Political and Governmental Structures

      • Political and Governmental Structures 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Political and Governmental Structures 600 CE to 1450

      • Political and Governmental Structures 1450 to 1750

      • Political and Governmental Structures 1750 to 1900

      • Political and Governmental Structures 1900 to Present

    • Empires, Colonialism, Imperialism, and Decolonization

      • Empires, Colonialism, Imperialism, Decolonization, and Globalization 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Empires, Colonialism, Imperialism, Decolonization, and Globalization 600 CE to 1450

      • Empires, Colonialism, Imperialism, Decolonization, and Globalization 1450 to 1750

      • Empires, Colonialism, Imperialism, Decolonization, and Globalization 1750 to 1900

      • Empires, Colonialism, Imperialism, Decolonization, and Globalization 1900 to Present

    • Political Protest, Reforms, and Revolution

      • Political Protest, Reforms, and Revolution 600 CE to 1450

      • Political Protest, Reforms, and Revolution 1450 to 1750

      • Political Protest, Reforms, and Revolution 1750 to 1900

      • Political Protest, Reforms, and Revolution 1900 to Present

    • War and Civil Conflict

      • War and Civil Conflict 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • War and Civil Conflict 600 CE to 1450

      • War and Civil Conflict 1450 to 1750

      • War and Civil Conflict 1750 to 1900

      • War and Civil Conflict 1900 to Present

    • Regional and Global Groups and Organizations

      • Regional and Global Groups and Organizations 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Regional and Global Groups and Organizations 600 CE to 1450

      • Regional and Global Groups and Organizations 1450 to 1750

      • Regional and Global Groups and Organizations 1750 to 1900

      • Regional and Global Groups and Organizations 1900 to Present

  • Economic History

    • Trade, Commerce, and Market Competition

      • Trade, Commerce, and Market Competition from Prehistory to 600 BCE

      • Trade, Commerce, and Market Competition 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Trade, Commerce, and Market Competition 600 CE to 1450

      • Trade, Commerce, and Market Competition 1450 to 1750

      • Trade, Commerce, and Market Competition 1750 to 1900

      • Trade, Commerce, and Market Competition 1900 to Present

    • Labor Systems and Economic Systems

      • Labor Systems and Economic Systems from Prehistory to 600 BCE

      • Labor Systems and Economic Systems 600 BCE to 600 CE

      • Labor Systems and Economic Systems 600 CE to 1450

      • Labor Systems and Economic Systems 1450 to 1750

      • Labor Systems and Economic Systems 1750 to 1900

      • Labor Systems and Economic Systems 1900 to Present

• AP Latin Language

  • Syllabus Passages

    • Vergil

      • Content in Vergil+3 topics

        • Vocabulary in Vergil

        • Passage Comprehension in Vergil

        • Context-Based Meaning of Words and Phrases in Vergil

      • Context of Vergil+5 topics

        • Authors and Literary Conventions in Vergil

        • Mythology and Legends in Vergil

        • Perspectives of Roman Culture in Vergil

        • Influential People and Events in Vergil

        • References to Rome in Vergil

      • Grammar, Syntax, and Scansion in Vergil+3 topics

        • Scanning Dactylic Hexameter in Vergil

        • Syntax in Vergil

        • Grammatical and Syntactic Terminology in Vergil

    • Caesar

      • Content in Caesar+3 topics

        • Vocabulary in Caesar

        • Passage Comprehension in Caesar

        • Context-Based Meaning of Words and Phrases in Caesar

      • Context of Caesar+5 topics

        • Authors and Literary Conventions in Caesar

        • Perspectives of Roman Culture in Caesar

        • Influential People and Events in Caesar

      • Grammar, Syntax, and Scansion in Caesar+3 topics

        • Syntax in Caesar

        • Grammatical and Syntactic Terminology in Caesar

  • Latin Essentials

    • Latin Syntax

      • Latin Relative Clauses+2 topics

        • Using relative clauses in Latin

        • Using relative clauses of characteristic in Latin

      • Latin Constructions of Place and Time+2 topics

        • Using constructions of time in Latin

        • Using constructions of place in Latin

      • Latin Indirect Statements+2 topics

        • Using indirect statements in Latin

        • Using reported speech in Latin

    • Latin Prepositions

      • Using prepositions in Latin

      • Using prepositional idioms in Latin

    • Latin Pronouns

      • Using relative pronouns in Latin

      • Using possessive pronouns in Latin

      • Using reflexive pronouns in Latin

      • Using personal pronouns in Latin

      • Using intensive pronouns in Latin

    • Latin Adjectives

      • Using comparative adjectives in Latin

      • Using dative with adjectives in Latin

      • Using first-declension adjectives in Latin

      • Using second-declension adjectives in Latin

      • Using third-declension adjectives in Latin

    • Latin Nouns

      • Latin Noun Paradigms+6 topics

        • Using first declension Latin nouns

        • Using second declension Latin nouns

        • Using typical-form third declension Latin nouns

        • Using I-stem third declension Latin nouns

        • Using fourth declension Latin nouns

        • Using fifth declension Latin nouns

      • Latin Cases+30 topics

        • Latin Ablative Case+15 topics

          • Using ablative of cardinal numbers in Latin

          • Using ablative of agent in Latin

          • Using ablative of time in Latin

          • Using ablative of means in Latin

          • Using ablative of accompaniment in Latin

          • Using ablative of manner in Latin

          • Using ablative of place from which in Latin

          • Using ablative of comparison in Latin

          • Using ablative of separation in Latin

          • Using ablatives with special deponents in Latin

          • Using ablative of description in Latin

          • Using ablative absolute in Latin

          • Using ablative case in Latin

          • Using Latin ablative with prepositions

          • Using accusative case in Latin

        • Latin Genitive Case+5 topics

          • Using genitive of cardinal numbers in Latin

          • Using genitive of the whole in Latin

          • Using genitive case in Latin

          • Using genitive of description in Latin

          • Using Latin genitive with prepositions

        • Latin Accusative Case+1 topic

          • Using Latin accusative with prepositions

        • Latin Dative Case+2 topics

          • Using dative case in Latin

          • Using Latin dative with prepositions

        • Latin Nominative and Vocative Cases+2 topics

          • Using nominative case in Latin

          • Using vocative case in Latin

    • Latin Verbs

      • Latin Verb Tense+6 topics

        • Using future tense in Latin

        • Using present tense in Latin

        • Using future perfect tense in Latin

        • Using pluperfect tense in Latin

        • Using imperfect tense in Latin

        • Using perfect tense in Latin

      • Voice in Latin Verbs+4 topics

        • Using active voice in Latin

        • Using passive voice in Latin

        • Using passive periphrastic in Latin

        • Using deponents in Latin

      • Mood in Latin Verbs+3 topics

        • Using subjunctive mood in Latin

        • Using imperative mood in Latin

        • Using indicative mood in Latin

      • Latin Participles / Gerunds / Infinitives+3 topics

        • Using infinitives in Latin

        • Using gerunds and gerundives in Latin

        • Using participles in Latin

      • Conjugation of Latin Verbs+4 topics

        • Using first-conjugation verbs in Latin

        • Using second-conjugation verbs in Latin

        • Using third-conjugation verbs in Latin

        • Using fourth-conjugation verbs in Latin

  • Sight Reading

    • Poetry

      • Content of Poetry+3 topics

        • Vocabulary in Poetry Passages

        • Passage Comprehension in Poetry Passages

        • Context-Based Meaning of Words and Phrases in Poetry Passages

      • Context of Poetry+5 topics

        • Authors and Literary Conventions in Poetry Passages

        • Mythology and Legends in Poetry Passages

        • Perspectives of Roman Culture in Poetry Passages

        • References to Rome in Poetry Passages

      • Grammar, Syntax, and Scansion in Poetry+3 topics

        • Scanning Dactylic Hexameter in Poetry Passages

        • Poetic Syntax

        • Grammatical and Syntactic Terminology in Poetry Passages

    • Prose

      • Content of Prose Passages+3 topics

        • Vocabulary in Prose Passages

        • Passage Comprehension in Prose Passages

        • Context-Based Meaning of Words and Phrases in Prose Passages

      • Context of Prose Passages+5 topics

        • Authors and Literary Conventions in Prose Passages

        • Mythology and Legends in Prose Passages

        • Perspectives of Roman Culture in Prose Passages

        • Influential People and Events in Prose Passages

        • References to Rome in Prose Passages

      • Grammar, Syntax, and Scansion in Prose Passages+2 topics

        • Syntax of Prose Passages

        • Grammatical and Syntactic Terminology in Prose Passages

  • Literary Device Identification

    • Syntactical Devices

      • Alliteration

      • Anaphora

      • Asyndeton and Polysyndeton

      • Chiasmus

      • Hyperbaton

      • Litotes

      • Synchesis

      • Tmesis

    • Semantic Devices

      • Metonymy

      • Onomatopoeia

      • Simile and Metaphor

      • Hyperbole

      • Rhetorical Questions

      • Apostrophe

• AP Biology

  • Biochemical Concepts

    • Water and Carbon

      • Understanding Essential Properties of Water

      • Understanding Essential Properties of Carbon

    • Macromolecules

      • Understanding Proteins

      • Understanding Carbohydrates

      • Understanding Lipids

      • Understanding Nucleic Acids

      • Identify structure and purpose of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

  • Cellular Biology

    • Cell Structures

      • Understanding Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Differences

      • Understanding the Cell Membrane

      • Understanding Other Cell Structures

      • Understand endosymbiotic theory

      • Understand functions of organelles in the cell

      • Identify how molecules move into and out of cells

    • Cell Functions

      • Cellular Respiration+5 topics

        • Understanding Glycolysis

        • Understanding the Citric Acid Cycle

        • Understanding the Electron Transport Chain

        • Understand pyruvate decarboxylation

        • Understand aerobic respiration

      • Cellular Division+4 topics

        • Understanding the Cell Cycle

        • Understanding Mitosis

        • Understanding Meiosis

        • Apply 3 laws of inheritance to meiosis

    • Cellular Communications and Junctions

      • Understanding Types of Cellular Communication

      • Understanding Types of Cellular Junctions

      • Understand types of signaling, receptors, and signaling molecules

    • Types of Cells and Tissues

      • Understanding Epithelial and Endothelial Cells

      • Understanding Muscle Cells

      • Understanding Neural Cells

      • Understanding Connective Tissue

  • DNA, RNA, and Proteins

    • DNA Repair and Replication

      • Understanding DNA Repair

      • Understanding DNA Replication

    • DNA and RNA Structure

      • Understanding Differences Between DNA and RNA

      • Understanding the Sugar-Phosphate Backbone

      • Understanding Nucleotides and Base Pairs

    • Transcription

      • Understanding Transcription Processes

      • Understanding Transcription Proteins

      • Understanding Post-Transcription Modification

      • Understanding Prokaryotic Differences

      • Understand regulation of transcription

    • Translation

      • Understanding Translation Processes

      • Understanding Ribosomes, tRNA, and Anti-codons

    • Proteins

      • Understanding Protein Folding and Structure

      • Understanding Protein Functions

      • Understanding Amino Acids

  • Plant Biology

    • Plant Evolution

      • Understanding the Water-Land Transition

      • Understanding Other Plant Evolution

    • Classes of Plant

      • Understanding Vascular and Avascular Plants

      • Understanding Angiosperms

    • Plant Structures

      • Cellular Structures+2 topics

        • Understanding Chloroplasts

        • Understanding Other Plant Cell Structures

      • Macrostructures+4 topics

        • Understanding Leaves

        • Understanding Seeds, Flowers, and Fruits

        • Understanding Xylem and Phloem

        • Understanding Other Plant Macrostructures

    • Plant Functions

      • Understanding Water and Nutrient Transport

      • Understanding Plant Reproduction

      • Understanding Other Plant Functions

      • Understanding Photosynthesis, Light Reactions, and Calvin Cycle

    • Photosynthesis

      • Understand light independent reactions (Calvin cycle)

      • Understand light dependent reactions

      • Understand inputs and outputs, purpose

  • Microorganisms and Viruses

    • Understanding Classifications

    • Understanding Bacteria

    • Understanding Protista

    • Understanding Fungi

    • Understanding Viruses and Prions

  • Systems Physiology

    • Digestive System

      • Digestive Anatomy+2 topics

        • Understanding the Upper Digestive Tract: Mouth to Stomach

        • Understanding the Lower Digestive tract: Small Intestine to Rectum

      • Digestive Physiology+3 topics

        • Understanding Stomach Enzymes and Cell Types

        • Understanding Emulsification

        • Understanding Other Digestive Physiology

    • Respiratory System

      • Respiratory Anatomy+2 topics

        • Understanding Alveoli

        • Understanding Other Respiratory Anatomy

      • Respiratory Physiology+3 topics

        • Understanding Pressure Differentials

        • Understanding Gas Exchange

        • Understanding Other Respiratory Physiology

    • Circulatory System

      • Circulatory Anatomy+2 topics

        • Understanding Vasculature

        • Understanding Heart Anatomy

      • Circulatory Physiology+7 topics

        • Vascular Physiology+3 topics

          • Understanding Hemoglobin and Transport

          • Understanding Osmotic and Oncotic Pressure

          • Understanding Other Vascular Physiology

        • Cardiac Physiology+2 topics

          • Understanding Electrical Stimulation in the Heart

          • Understanding Other Cardiac Physiology

    • Excretory System

      • Excretory Anatomy+2 topics

        • Understanding Kidney and Nephron Anatomy

        • Understanding Other Excretory Anatomy

      • Excretory Physiology+3 topics

        • Understanding Nephron Physiology and Ion Reabsorption

        • Understanding Water Balance

        • Understanding Other Excretory Physiology

    • Immune System

      • Understanding the Innate Immune Response

      • Understanding the Adaptive Immune Response

      • Understanding Cell Types

      • Understanding Immunoglobulins

      • Understanding Antibodies and Antigens

      • Understanding Other Immune System Components

    • Reproductive System

      • Reproductive Anatomy+2 topics

        • Understanding Internal Anatomy

        • Understanding External Anatomy

      • Reproductive Physiology+3 topics

        • Understanding Embryogenesis and Development

        • Understanding Gametogenesis

        • Understanding Other Reproductive Physiology

    • Nervous System

      • Neural Anatomy+3 topics

        • Understanding Neurons

        • Understanding the Spinal Cord

        • Understanding the Brain and Brain Structures

      • Neural Physiology+5 topics

        • Understanding Afferent and Efferent Neurons

        • Understanding Reflexes

        • Understanding Action Potentials

        • Understanding Neurotransmitters

        • Understanding Other Neural Physiology

      • Divisions of the Nervous System+3 topics

        • Understanding the Central and Peripheral Divisions

        • Understanding the Autonomic and Somatic Divisions

        • Understanding the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions

    • Endocrine System

      • Understanding the Pituitary and Hypothalamus

      • Understanding Hormones

      • Understanding Glands

  • Evolution and Genetics

    • Theorists and Evidence

      • Understanding Lamarck

      • Understanding Darwin

      • Understanding Mendel

      • Understanding Other Theorists

      • Understanding Fossil Evidence

      • Understanding Structural Evidence

      • Understanding Other Evidence

    • Phylogenetics

      • Understanding Building Phylogenies

      • Understanding Diagrams

    • Natural Selection

      • Understanding Types of Selection

      • Understanding Biological Fitness

    • Speciation

      • Understanding Sympatric and Allopatric Speciation

      • Understanding Reproductive Barriers

    • Population Genetics

      • Understanding Hardy-Weinberg Assumptions and Calculations

      • Understanding Genetic Drift, Bottleneck Effect, and Founder Effect

      • Understand causes of genetic variation

    • Inheritance

      • Understanding Autosomal and Sex-Linked Inheritance

      • Understanding Dominant and Recessive Traits

      • Understanding Co-dominance and Partial Dominance

      • Understanding Punnett Squares and Test Crosses

      • Perform chi squared test

      • Understand epistasis

      • Understand co-dominance

      • Understand incomplete dominance

    • Identify evolutionary change mechanisms

    • Draw and interpret phylogenetic trees

  • Ecology

    • Understanding Ecosystems

    • Understanding Food Webs

    • Understanding Eco-Chemical Cycles

    • Understand biodiversity

    • Understand organisms' energy use

    • Understand trophic levels and flow of energy

    • Understand population growth

    • Understand differences between primary and secondary succession

  • Cellular energetics

    • Understand ATP coupling

    • Understand structure and importance of ATP

  • Determine relationships of living organisms

  • Use the taxonomic classification system

  • Understand basic chemistry

  • Enzymes

    • Understand competitive and noncompetitive inhibition

    • Understand the effect of environment of the enzyme

    • Understand enzyme structure and purpose

    • Understand different models of enzyme function

  • Central dogma

    • Understand mutations that can arise

    • Understand steps of transcription

    • Understand steps of replication

  • Biomes

• AP US Government

  • Constitution and Government Foundations

    • Constructing the Constitution

      • Political Figures and Constitutional Framers

      • Influencing Philosophies

      • Constitutional Convention

      • Concerns and Fears

      • Separation of Powers

      • Federalism

      • Bill of Rights

    • Modern Impacts of the Constitution

      • Constitutional Interpretations

      • Democratic Theory

      • Theories of Republican Government

      • Pluralism

      • Elitism

  • Fundamental Political Beliefs

    • Political Ideals and Beliefs

      • Citizen Role in Politics

      • Forming Political Beliefs

      • Political Education

      • Factors That Influence Beliefs in Politics

    • Political Participation

      • Voting

      • Protests

      • Mass Political Movements and Demonstrations

      • Other Political Participation

  • Political Parties and Elections

    • Political Parties

      • Historic Political Parties

      • Modern Political Parties

      • Evolution of the Party System

      • Impact on Elections

      • Impact on Political Functionality

      • Campaigning and Financial Implications

      • Advantages and Disadvantages of Political Parties

    • Elections

      • Election Laws

      • Federal Election Proceedings

      • State Election Proceedings

      • Voting and Participation

  • Special Interests and Mass Media

    • Interest Groups

      • Political Action Committees

      • Lobbying and Interest Groups

      • Impact of Interest Groups in Politics

      • Organization of Interest Groups

      • Party Affiliation and Interest Groups

    • Media Influence

      • Portrayal and Image of Public Figures

      • Influence on Public Opinion

      • Bias

      • Campaigning and Elections in the Media

  • National Government Institutions

    • Congress

      • Structure of Congress

      • Political Role of Congress

      • Congressional Procedures

    • Presidency

      • Structure of the Presidency

      • Political Role of the Presidency

      • Presidential Procedures

    • Bureaucracy

      • Structure of the Bureaucracy

      • Political Role of the Bureaucracy

      • Bureaucracy Procedures

    • Federal Courts

      • Structure of the Federal Courts

      • Political Role of the Federal Courts

      • Federal Court Procedures

    • Institutional Relationships

      • Relationships Between Federal Institutions

      • Relationships with State Institutions

      • Relationships with the Public

      • Relationships with Interest Groups

      • Relationships with Media

  • Public Policy

    • Formation of Policies

      • Groups Influencing Public Policy

      • Policy Agendas

    • Implementation and Impact of Policies

      • Enactment of Public Policy

      • Interpretation of Public Policy

      • Policy Networks

      • Iron Triangle

    • Policy Relations

      • Relationship with Federalism

      • Relationship with Interest Groups and Parties

      • Foreign Relations

  • Civil Rights, Amendments, and Court Cases

    • Constitutional Amendments

      • Constitutional Amendments

      • Impact of Constitutional Amendments

      • Interpretation of Constitutional Amendments

      • The Bill of Rights

    • Court Cases

      • Notable Court Cases

      • Impact of Notable Court Cases

      • Interpretation of Court Case Verdicts

    • Civil Rights

      • Freedom of Speech, Assembly, and Expression

      • Rights of the Accused

      • Rights of Minority Groups

      • Women's Rights

      • Other Civil Rights

      • History and Evolution of Civil Rights

      • Role of Courts in Civil Rights

• SAT Subject Test in Spanish

  • Adjectives in Spanish

    • Attributive Adjectives in Spanish

    • Possessive Adjectives in Spanish

    • Descriptive Adjectives in Spanish

    • Comparative and Superlative Adjectives in Spanish

    • Spanish Vocabulary: Adjectives

    • Demonstrative Adjectives in Spanish

  • Pronouns in Spanish

    • Demonstrative Pronouns in Spanish

    • Possessive Pronouns in Spanish

    • Reflexive and Reciprocal Pronouns in Spanish

    • Personal Pronouns in Spanish

    • Interrogative Pronouns in Spanish

    • Direct, Indirect, and Double Object Pronouns in Spanish

  • Spanish Verbs

    • Verb Tense in Spanish

      • Conditional Tenses+3 topics

        • Conditional / El Condicional

        • Conditional Perfect / El Condicional Perfecto

      • Past Tenses+3 topics

        • Pluperfect / El Pluscoamperfecto

        • Preterite / El Pretérito

        • Imperfect / El Imperfecto

    • Voice of the Verb in Spanish

      • Active Voice in Spanish

      • Passive Voice in Spanish

    • Mood of the Verb in Spanish

      • Imperative / Imperativo

      • Indicative / Indicativo

      • Subjunctive / Subjuntivo

    • Verbals in Spanish

      • Gerunds / Gerundios

      • Infinitives / Infinitivos

      • Participles / Participios

  • Nouns in Spanish

    • Noun Gender in Spanish

    • Noun Case in Spanish

    • Spanish Vocabulary: Nouns

  • Numbers in Spanish

    • Cardinal Numbers in Spanish

    • Ordinal Numbers in Spanish

  • Adverbs, Prepositions, and Conjunctions in Spanish

    • Conjunctions in Spanish

    • Adverbs in Spanish

    • Prepositions in Spanish

  • Clauses in Spanish

    • Relative Clauses in Spanish

    • Conditional Clauses in Spanish

    • Noun Clauses in Spanish

    • Adjectival and Adverbial Clauses in Spanish

    • Dependent / Subordinate Clauses in Spanish

• AP Physics C

  • Mechanics Exam

    • Motion

      • Linear Motion+3 topics

        • Understanding Accelerations

        • Calculating Motion in One Dimension

        • Calculating Motion in Two Dimensions

      • Harmonic Motion+2 topics

        • Using Spring Equations

        • Interpreting Harmonic Motion Diagrams

      • Circular and Rotational Motion+9 topics

        • Circular Motion+2 topics

          • Interpreting Circular Motion Diagrams

          • Circular Motion Concepts and Equations

        • Rotational Motion and Torque+5 topics

          • Understanding Linear-Rotational Equivalents

          • Using Torque Equations

          • Understanding Conservation of Angular Momentum

          • Using Angular Momentum Equations

          • Interpreting Rotational Motion and Torque Diagrams

    • Forces

      • Gravity+2 topics

        • Calculating Gravitational Forces

        • Calculating Weight

      • Newton's Laws and Force Diagrams+1 topic

        • Understanding Newton's Laws

      • Friction and Normal Force+2 topics

        • Normal Force

        • Friction

    • Work, Energy, and Power

      • Energy+3 topics

        • Understanding Conservation of Energy

        • Kinetic Energy

        • Potential Energy

      • Work, Power, and Diagrams+2 topics

        • Work

        • Power

    • Momentum

      • Understanding Conservation of Momentum

      • Understanding Elastic and Inelastic Collisions

      • Momentum and Impulse

  • Electricity and Magnetism Exam

    • Electricity

      • Understanding Electrostatics

      • Using Coulomb's Law

      • Using Gauss's Law

      • Calculating Electric Potential

      • Understanding Charge Distributions on Objects

      • Interpreting Electric Charge Diagrams

    • Magnetism

      • Understanding Magnetic Fields and Charges

      • Understanding Magnetic Fields and Wires

      • Calculating Magnetic Fields and Forces

      • Interpreting Magnetism Diagrams

    • Electromagnetism

      • Understanding Electromagnetic Induction

      • Using Faraday's Law

      • Using Lenz's Law

      • Understanding Electrical-Magnetic Equivalents

      • Understanding Flux

      • Interpreting Electromagnetism Diagrams

    • Electric Circuits

      • Capacitors+4 topics

        • Understanding Capacitors

        • Using Capacitor Equations

        • Understanding Dielectrics

      • Resistors+2 topics

        • Understanding Resistors

        • Calculating Resistance

      • Current+2 topics

        • Understanding Current

        • Calculating Current

      • Circuit Relationships+4 topics

        • Interpreting Circuit Diagrams

        • Using Ohm's Law

        • Calculating Circuit Power

        • Understanding Inductance in Circuits

• AP Calculus AB

  • Functions, Graphs, and Limits

    • Continunity as a property of functions

      • Geometric understanding of graphs of continuous functions

      • An intuitive understanding of continuity

      • Understanding continuity in terms of limits

    • Limits of Functions (including one-sided limits)

      • Calculating limits using algebra

      • Estimating limits from graphs or tables

      • Understanding the limiting process.

    • Asymptotic and Unbounded Behavior

      • Graphical behavior of asymptotes

      • Asymptotic behavior in terms of limits involving infinity

      • Comparing relative magnitudes of functions and their rates of change

  • Integrals

    • Interpretations and properties of definite integrals

      • Definite integral of the rate of change of a quantity over an interval interpreted as the change of the quantity over the interval

      • Definite integral as a limit of Riemann sums

      • Basic properties of definite integrals (additivity and linearity)

    • Techniques of antidifferentiation

      • Antiderivatives following directly from derivatives of basic functions

      • Antiderivatives by substitution of variables

    • Numerical approximations to definite integrals

      • Riemann sums (left, right, and midpoint evaluation points)

      • Trapezoidal sums

    • Applications of antidifferentiation

      • Solving separable differential equations and using them in modeling

      • Finding specific antiderivatives using initial conditions, including applications to motion along a line

    • Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

      • Use of the Fundamental Theorem to represent a particular antiderivative, and the analytical and graphical analysis of functions so defined

      • Use of the Fundamental Theorem to evaluate definite integrals

  • Derivatives

    • Concept of the Derivative

      • Relationship between differentiability and continuity

      • Derivative presented graphically, numerically, and analytically

      • Derivative defined as the limit of the difference quotient

      • Derivative interpreted as an instantaneous rate of change

    • Derivative at a point

      • Tangent line to a curve at a point and local linear approximation

      • Slope of a curve at a point

      • Approximate rate of change from graphs and tables of values

      • Instantaneous rate of change as the limit of average rate of change

    • Computation of the Derivative

      • Derivatives of functions

      • Chain rule and implicit differentiation

      • Derivative rules for sums, products, and quotients of functions

    • Applications of Derivatives

      • Modeling rates of change, including related rates problems­

      • Optimization, both global and local extrema

      • Analysis of curves, including the notions of monotonicity and concavity

      • Interpretation of the derivative as a rate of change

      • Implicit differentiation

      • Geometric interpretation of differential equations

    • Derivative as a function

      • Corresponding characteristics of graphs of ƒ and ƒ'

      • Relationship between the increasing and decreasing behavior of ƒ and the sign of ƒ'

      • Mean Value Theorem

      • Equations involving derivatives

    • Second Derivatives

      • Relationship between the concavity of ƒ and the sign of ƒ''

      • Points of inflection

      • Corresponding characteristics of the graphs of ƒ, ƒ', and ƒ''

• AP Calculus BC

  • Functions, Graphs, and Limits

    • Limits

      • Calculating Limits with Algebra (including one-sided limits)

      • Estimating Limits from Graphs and Tables

      • Local and Global Behaviors of Functions

    • Asymptotic and Unbounded Behavior

      • Asymptotic Behavior involving Infinity

      • Comparing Relative Magnitudes (exponential growth,logarithmic growth, polynomial growth)

      • Identifying Asymptotes Graphically

    • Continuity

      • Intermediate Value Theorem

      • Extreme Value Theorem

      • Continuity in Terms of Limits

    • Parametric, Polar, and Vector Functions

      • Parametric Form

      • Polar Form

      • Vector Form

  • Derivatives

    • Derivative at a Point

      • Vertical Tangents and Points of No Tangents

      • Instantaneous Rate of Change, Average Rate of Change, and Linear Approximation

      • Derivative Defined as Limit of Difference Quotient

      • Relationship between Differentiability and Continuity

    • Derivative as a Function

      • Equations Involving Derivatives

      • Finding Maximums

      • The Mean Value Theorem

      • Graphs of f and f'

    • Second Derivatives

      • Concavity

      • Inflection Points

      • Equations Involving Second Derivative

      • Graphs of f, f', f''

    • Applications of Derivatives

      • Optimization (global/absolute and local/relative)

      • Velocity, Speed, Acceleration

      • Slope Fields

      • Euler's Method and L'Hopital's Rule

    • Computation of Derivatives

      • Rules of Basic Functions: Power, Exponential Rule, Logarithmic, Trigonometric, and Inverse Trigonometric

      • Derivative Rules for Sums, Products, and Quotients

      • Chain Rule and Implicit Differentiation

      • Derivatives of Parametric, Polar, and Vector Functions

  • Integrals

    • Application of Integrals

      • Initial Conditions

      • Volume of Cross Sections and Area of Region

      • Length of Curve, Distance traveled, Accumulated Change, Motion of Curve

      • Modeling by Solving Separable Differential Equations

    • Fundamental Theorem of Calculus and Techniques of Antidifferentiation

      • Fundamental Theorem of Calculus with Definite Integrals

      • Fundamental Theorem of Calculus with Graphical Analysis

      • Improper Integrals

      • Substitution of Variables (by parts and simple partial fractions)

    • Numerical Approximations to Definite Integrals

      • Riemann Sum: Left Evaluation

      • Riemann Sum: Right Evaluation

      • Riemann Sum: Midpoint Evaluation

      • Trapezoidal Sums

  • Polynomial Approximations and Series

    • Series of Constants

      • Decimal Expansion

      • Geometric Series

      • Alternating Series with Error Bound

      • P-Series

      • Ratio Test and Comparing Series

    • Taylor Series

      • Taylor Polynomial Approximation

      • Maclaurin Series

      • Maclaurin Series for exponential and trigonometric functions

      • Functions Defined by Power Series

      • Radius and Interval of Convergence of Power Series

      • Lagrange Error Bound for Taylor Polynomials

• SAT Subject Test in French

  • Adjectives

    • Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

    • Possessive Adjectives

    • Multiple Adjectives

    • Descriptive Adjectives

    • Interrogative Adjectives

  • Pronouns

    • Possessive Pronouns

    • Demonstrative Pronouns

    • Subject Pronouns

    • Disjunctive Pronouns

    • Direct Object Pronouns

    • Adverbial Pronouns

    • Indirect Object Pronouns

    • Reflexive Pronouns

  • Nouns

    • Noun Gender

  • Verbs

    • Voice of the Verb

      • Active Voice

      • Passive Voice

    • Mood of the Verb

      • Present Conditional / Le Conditionnel

      • Past Conditional / Le Passé du Conditionnel

      • Subjunctive / Le Présent du Subjonctif

      • Imperfect Subjunctive / L'Imparfait du Subjonctif

      • Imperative / L'Imperatif

    • Tense

      • Compound Tenses+6 topics

        • Past Subjunctive / Le Passé de Subjonctif

        • Compound Past / Le Passé Composé

        • Pluperfect / Le Plus-Que-Parfait

        • Past Anterior / Passé Antérieur

        • Future Perfect / Le Futur Antérieur

        • Pluperfect Subjunctive / Le Plus-Que-Parfait du Subjonctif

      • Simple Tenses+4 topics

        • Present / Le Présent

        • Imperfect / L'Imparfait

        • Past Definite / Le Passé Simple

        • Future / Le Futur

    • Idiomatic Expressions

      • Idiomatic Expressions with Avoir

      • Idiomatic Expressions with Faire

  • French Syntax

    • Subordinate Clauses

    • Si Clauses

  • Adverbs

    • Adverbial Phrases

    • Temporal Adverbs

  • Numbers

    • Ordinal Numbers

    • Cardinal Numbers

  • Articles

    • Definite Articles

    • Indefinite Articles

    • Partitive Articles

  • Prepositions and Conjunctions

    • Prepositions

    • Conjunctions