AP Latin › Vergil
Hinc via Tartarei quae fert Acherontis ad undas.
turbidus hic caeno vastaque voragine gurges
aestuat atque omnem Cocyto eructat harenam.
Portitor has horrendus aquas et flumina servat
terribili squalore Charon, cui plurima mento 5
canities inculta iacet, stant lumina flamma,
sordidus ex umeris nodo dependet amictus.
Ipse ratem conto subigit velisque ministrat
et ferruginea subvectat corpora cumba,
iam senior, sed cruda deo viridisque senectus. 10
Huc omnis turba ad ripas effusa ruebat,
matres atque viri defunctaque corpora vita
magnanimum heroum, pueri innuptaeque puellae,
impositique rogis iuvenes ante ora parentum . . .
"Cui" in line 5 refers to __________.
Charon
Cocyto
flumina
gurges
From context, we know that "cui" must refer to Charon_._ At this point in the passage, the author is describing the appearance of Charon.
(Passage adapted from the Aeneid by Vergil, 6.295-308)
inter quas Phoenissa recens a vulnere Dido
errabat silva in magna; quam Troius heros
ut primum iuxta stetit agnovitque per umbras
obscuram, qualem primo qui surgere mense
aut videt aut vidisse putat per nubila lunam, 5
demisit lacrimas dulcique adfatus amore est:
'infelix Dido, verus mihi nuntius ergo
venerat exstinctam ferroque extrema secutam?
funeris heu tibi causa fui? per sidera iuro,
per superos et si qua fides tellure sub ima est, 10
inuitus, regina, tuo de litore cessi.
The word "vulnere" (line 1) refers to __________.
emotional pain
a physical wound
something broken
a contract
This scene happens shortly after Aeneas tells Dido that he cannot be with her. Vulnere refers to the emotional pain that she is feeling from this break-up.
(Passage adapted from the Aeneid by Vergil, 6.450-460)
Arma virumque cano, Troiae qui primus ab oris
Italiam, fato profugus, Laviniaque venit
litora, multum ille et terris iactatus et alto
vi superum saevae memorem Iunonis ob iram;
multa quoque et bello passus, dum conderet urbem, 5
inferretque deos Latio, genus unde Latinum,
Albanique patres, atque altae moenia Romae.
Musa, mihi causas memora, quo numine laeso,
quidve dolens, regina deum tot volvere casus
insignem pietate virum, tot adire labores 10
impulerit. Tantaene animis caelestibus irae?
Which is the correct scansion of line 2?
_ vv | _ _ | _ _ | _vv | _ vv| _ vv
_ vv | _ vv | _ vv | _vv | _ vv| _ vv
_ vv | _ vv | _ _ | _vv | _ vv| _ _
_ vv | _ _ | _ _ | _ _| _ vv| _ vv
_ vv | _ _ | _ vv | _ _| _ vv| _ vv
The correct scansion for line 2 is: _ vv | _ _ | _ _ | _vv | _ vv| _ vv
In dactylic hexameter, the first syllable of a dactyl is always long and there must be six dactyls total.
The first set is a dactyl because there are no long syllables in "Itali-." The "-am," however, is long because of meter. The syllables of "fato" are both long because of case and to fit the meter. The syllable "pro-" is also naturally long. the "-fu-"is long to fit the meter and the rest is a regular dactyl. The line ends with two more dactyls, mainly to fit the meter.
(Passage adapted from the Aeneid by Vergil, 1.1-12)
Arma virumque cano, Troiae qui primus ab oris
Italiam, fato profugus, Laviniaque venit
litora, multum ille et terris iactatus et alto
vi superum saevae memorem Iunonis ob iram;
multa quoque et bello passus, dum conderet urbem, 5
inferretque deos Latio, genus unde Latinum,
Albanique patres, atque altae moenia Romae.
Musa, mihi causas memora, quo numine laeso,
quidve dolens, regina deum tot volvere casus
insignem pietate virum, tot adire labores 10
impulerit. Tantaene animis caelestibus irae?
Which is the correct scansion of line 2?
_ vv | _ _ | _ _ | _vv | _ vv| _ vv
_ vv | _ vv | _ vv | _vv | _ vv| _ vv
_ vv | _ vv | _ _ | _vv | _ vv| _ _
_ vv | _ _ | _ _ | _ _| _ vv| _ vv
_ vv | _ _ | _ vv | _ _| _ vv| _ vv
The correct scansion for line 2 is: _ vv | _ _ | _ _ | _vv | _ vv| _ vv
In dactylic hexameter, the first syllable of a dactyl is always long and there must be six dactyls total.
The first set is a dactyl because there are no long syllables in "Itali-." The "-am," however, is long because of meter. The syllables of "fato" are both long because of case and to fit the meter. The syllable "pro-" is also naturally long. the "-fu-"is long to fit the meter and the rest is a regular dactyl. The line ends with two more dactyls, mainly to fit the meter.
(Passage adapted from the Aeneid by Vergil, 1.1-12)
inter quas Phoenissa recens a vulnere Dido
errabat silva in magna; quam Troius heros
ut primum iuxta stetit agnovitque per umbras
obscuram, qualem primo qui surgere mense
aut videt aut vidisse putat per nubila lunam, 5
demisit lacrimas dulcique adfatus amore est:
'infelix Dido, verus mihi nuntius ergo
venerat exstinctam ferroque extrema secutam?
funeris heu tibi causa fui? per sidera iuro,
per superos et si qua fides tellure sub ima est, 10
inuitus, regina, tuo de litore cessi.
The "-que"in line 3 connects which of the following?
"Agnovit" and "stetit"
"Agnovit" and "umbras"
"Agnovit" and "iuxta"
"Agnovit" and "primum"
The enclitic "-que"acts as a connector of the word it is attached to and a word that precedes it. "-Que" is being used to connect two actions in this sentence: "agnovit"and "stetit."
(Passage adapted from the Aeneid by Vergil, 6.450-460)
Arma virumque cano, Troiae qui primus ab oris
Italiam, fato profugus, Laviniaque venit
litora, multum ille et terris iactatus et alto
vi superum saevae memorem Iunonis ob iram;
multa quoque et bello passus, dum conderet urbem, 5
inferretque deos Latio, genus unde Latinum,
Albanique patres, atque altae moenia Romae.
Musa, mihi causas memora, quo numine laeso,
quidve dolens, regina deum tot volvere casus
insignem pietate virum, tot adire labores 10
impulerit. Tantaene animis caelestibus irae?
What is the main verb of the sentence "Musa . . . impulerit" (lines 8 -11)?
Impulerit
Pietate
Dolens
Volvere
The main verb of this sentence, which governs all the other verbs, is "impulerit."
(Passage adapted from the Aeneid by Vergil, 1.1-12)
1 Quod genus hoc hominum? Quaeve hunc tam barbara morem
2 permittit patria? Hospitio prohibemur harenae;
3 bella cient, primaque vetant consistere terra.
4 Si genus humanum et mortalia temnitis arma
5 at sperate deos memores fandi atque nefandi.
6 Rex erat Aeneas nobis, quo iustior alter,
7 nec pietate fuit, nec bello maior et armis.
A rhetorical device found in line 7 is __________.
pleonasm
metaphor
tmesis
prolepsis
The answer is "pleonasm," or the use of superfluous words. Ilioneus specifies that Aeneas is strong in "bello" and "armis," which both refer to war in Latin. Either one would have been enough to complete the meaning. The other choices are not present: "metaphor" is identifying one thing as an unrelated thing for literary or rhetorical effect, "tmesis" refers to the separation of a compound word into two parts, and "prolepsis" is the use of a word sooner than it should appear.
(Passage adapted from The Aeneid of Vergil 1. 539-546)
inter quas Phoenissa recens a vulnere Dido
errabat silva in magna; quam Troius heros
ut primum iuxta stetit agnovitque per umbras
obscuram, qualem primo qui surgere mense
aut videt aut vidisse putat per nubila lunam, 5
demisit lacrimas dulcique adfatus amore est:
'infelix Dido, verus mihi nuntius ergo
venerat exstinctam ferroque extrema secutam?
funeris heu tibi causa fui? per sidera iuro,
per superos et si qua fides tellure sub ima est, 10
inuitus, regina, tuo de litore cessi.
The word "vulnere" (line 1) refers to __________.
emotional pain
a physical wound
something broken
a contract
This scene happens shortly after Aeneas tells Dido that he cannot be with her. Vulnere refers to the emotional pain that she is feeling from this break-up.
(Passage adapted from the Aeneid by Vergil, 6.450-460)
Hinc via Tartarei quae fert Acherontis ad undas.
turbidus hic caeno vastaque voragine gurges
aestuat atque omnem Cocyto eructat harenam.
Portitor has horrendus aquas et flumina servat
terribili squalore Charon, cui plurima mento 5
canities inculta iacet, stant lumina flamma,
sordidus ex umeris nodo dependet amictus.
Ipse ratem conto subigit velisque ministrat
et ferruginea subvectat corpora cumba,
iam senior, sed cruda deo viridisque senectus. 10
Huc omnis turba ad ripas effusa ruebat,
matres atque viri defunctaque corpora vita
magnanimum heroum, pueri innuptaeque puellae,
impositique rogis iuvenes ante ora parentum . . .
What is the subject of "aestuat" (line 3)?
Gurges
Vasta
Caeno
Turbidus
The subject of "aestuat" is "gurges." "Gurges"comes from "gurges, gurgitis." It is the only noun in the nominative case. "Turbidus" is an adjective describing "gurges," so it is not the subject itself, and "vasto"and "caeno" are both in the ablative case.
(Passage adapted from the Aeneid by Vergil, 6.295-308)
inter quas Phoenissa recens a vulnere Dido
errabat silva in magna; quam Troius heros
ut primum iuxta stetit agnovitque per umbras
obscuram, qualem primo qui surgere mense
aut videt aut vidisse putat per nubila lunam, 5
demisit lacrimas dulcique adfatus amore est:
'infelix Dido, verus mihi nuntius ergo
venerat exstinctam ferroque extrema secutam?
funeris heu tibi causa fui? per sidera iuro,
per superos et si qua fides tellure sub ima est, 10
inuitus, regina, tuo de litore cessi.
The "-que"in line 3 connects which of the following?
"Agnovit" and "stetit"
"Agnovit" and "umbras"
"Agnovit" and "iuxta"
"Agnovit" and "primum"
The enclitic "-que"acts as a connector of the word it is attached to and a word that precedes it. "-Que" is being used to connect two actions in this sentence: "agnovit"and "stetit."
(Passage adapted from the Aeneid by Vergil, 6.450-460)