ICU Monitoring, Nutrition, And Multisystem Failure Practice Test

A 25-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after being trapped under a collapsed structure for several hours. He has extensive crush injuries to his lower extremities. In the ICU, he is noted to have dark, tea-colored urine. His creatinine is 4.1 mg/dL, and his potassium is 6.5 mEq/L. He is receiving aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation, but his urine output remains less than 20 mL/hr.

A 68-year-old man is in the intensive care unit (ICU) for septic shock secondary to pneumonia. He is intubated and mechanically ventilated. He is receiving intravenous norepinephrine to maintain a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 65 mm Hg. A central venous catheter is in place, and his central venous pressure (CVP) is measured at 3 mm Hg (normal 8-12 mm Hg). His urine output has been 15 mL/hr for the past two hours. His heart rate is 125/min, and his extremities are cool.