Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology Practice Test

A 3-day-old male infant has not passed meconium. He has developed progressive abdominal distention and has had several episodes of bilious emesis. A rectal examination reveals a narrow, empty rectal vault, followed by an explosive discharge of gas and stool upon withdrawal of the finger.

A 42-year-old man with a history of alcohol use disorder presents to the emergency department with hematemesis. He states that he had several episodes of forceful, non-bloody retching after a night of heavy drinking, which were then followed by the vomiting of bright red blood. His vital signs are stable. Upper endoscopy is performed.