Material Composition

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SSAT Upper Level Verbal › Material Composition

Questions 1 - 10
1

Complete this analogy.

Coven is to ______________ as guild is to tradesmen.

witches

teachers

animals

scientists

hikers

Explanation

A group of "tradesmen" is called a "guild." So, to solve this analogy you need to determine which of these, when taken as a group, is called a "coven." The correct answer is that a "coven" is a group of "witches."

2

Complete this analogy.

Anthology is to _______________ as encyclopedia is to information.

stories

puzzles

students

chickens

fruits

Explanation

An "encyclopedia" is a book that contains a collection of "information." So, to solve this analogy you need to determine what an "anthology" is a collection of. The correct answer is that an "anthology" is a collection of "stories."

3

Complete this analogy.

Dune is to sand as drift is to __________.

snow

water

air

pathway

marble

Explanation

"Dune" is a noun defined as a mound of sediment, such as sand. Because dunes are composed of sand, we need to pick out an answer choice that refers to the substance of which a drift can consist. "Drift" is defined as a pile of snow, leaves, or other material formed by the wind, so "snow" is the correct answer because just as sand forms dunes when it is blown into piles by the wind, snow forms drifts when it is blown into piles by the wind.

4

Complete this analogy.

Dune is to ______________ as downs is to grass.

sand

desert

ice

arctic

space

Explanation

"Downs" are small, rolling hills made of "grass." So, to solve this analogy you need to determine what it is that "dunes" are made of. The correct answer is that a "dune" is made of "sand." "Dunes" are typically found in the "desert."

5

Complete this analogy.

Portfolio is to artwork as troupe is to ______________.

actors

pilots

friends

relatives

ideas

Explanation

A "portfolio" is a collection of "artwork" produced by an individual. So, if a "portfolio" is a collection of "artwork," what is a "troupe" a collection of? The correct answer is that a "troupe" is a group of entertainers, like "artists" or musicians, who travel and perform together.

6

Complete this analogy.

Bottle is to glass as __________.

box is to cardboard

table is to air

wall is to gelatin

window is to brick

cloth is to electricity

Explanation

A bottle might logically be made of glass, so we need to pick out an answer choice in which the first word is a noun conveying an object, and the second word a noun describing a material of which that object might logically be made. While “box is to cardboard,” “table is to air,” and “wall is to gelatin” each follow the pattern of a word conveying an object followed by a word conveying a material, one would not expect a table to be made of air or a wall to be made of gelatin, so neither “table is to air” nor “wall is to gelatin” can be the correct answer. One might logically expect a box to be made of cardboard, however, just as one might logically expect a bottle to be made of glass, so “box is to cardboard” is the correct answer.

7

Complete this analogy.

Square is to circle as rectangle is to __________.

oval

diamond

semicircle

globe

sphere

Explanation

In a "square" and a "circle" the distance from the center to any point on the outside is always the same as the distance from the center to any other point on the outside. A "circle" might be seen as "a round square." So, which of these could be seen as a "round rectangle?" The correct answer is an "oval." An "oval" is a round, elongated shape. Additionally, a "sphere" is a three-dimensional circle, an example of a "sphere" is a "globe."

8

Copper is to brass as iron is to __________.

steel

cast

bronze

metal

lead

Explanation

Brass is an alloy of copper, and steel is an alloy of iron.

9

Complete this analogy.

Cardboard is to box as __________.

clay is to pot

metal is to chain

wood is to igloo

socks are to nest

sheep is to wool

Explanation

Since boxes can be made of cardboard, we need to pick out an answer choice in which the first word describes a substance of which the second word can be made. Both "clay is to pot" and "metal is to chain" could be correct answers. However, "clay is to pot" is the better answer because a pot, like a box, is a type of container, unlike a chain. So, the correct answer is "clay is to pot."

10

Complete this analogy.

Phalanx is to soldiers as retinue is to __________.

advisers

children

animals

surgeons

sorcerers

Explanation

A "phalanx" is a type of military formation. It is comprised of "soldiers," so to solve this analogy you need to determine what a "retinue" is comprised of. Well, a "retinue" is a group of people with various skills and abilities who give advice to a ruler or other such important person. So, the correct answer is "advisers."

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