Nremt Emt Level Quiz: Breathing Assessment And Oxygen Therapy

What this quiz covers

This quiz focuses on Breathing Assessment And Oxygen Therapy, giving you a quick way to practice the rules, question types, and explanations that matter most for Nremt Emt Level.

How to use this quiz

Try each quiz question before looking at the correct answer. Use the explanations to review missed ideas, then come back to similar questions until the pattern feels familiar.

Question 1

1. 1-6 liters per minute to deliver 24-44% oxygen concentration (correct answer)
2. 6-10 liters per minute to deliver 35-60% oxygen concentration
3. 10-15 liters per minute to deliver 85-100% oxygen concentration
4. 15-25 liters per minute to deliver maximum oxygen saturation

Explanation: Nasal cannula operates at 1-6 LPM delivering 24-44% oxygen. Higher flow rates cause patient discomfort and don't significantly increase oxygen delivery. Option B describes simple face mask flows. Option C describes non-rebreather mask flows. Option D exceeds safe nasal cannula parameters.

Question 2

1. 6 liters per minute to maintain adequate reservoir bag inflation
2. 8 liters per minute to ensure proper mask seal and function
3. 10 liters per minute to keep reservoir bag inflated during inspiration (correct answer)
4. 12 liters per minute to achieve maximum oxygen concentration delivery

Explanation: Non-rebreather masks require minimum 10 LPM to keep the reservoir bag inflated and prevent CO2 rebreathing. Lower flow rates (options A and B) allow bag collapse and CO2 rebreathing. While 12 LPM (option D) is acceptable, 10 LPM is the minimum required.

Question 3

1. Respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute with good tidal volume
2. Patient speaking in short sentences due to mild dyspnea
3. Respiratory rate of 6 breaths per minute with weak chest rise (correct answer)
4. Patient using accessory muscles but maintaining adequate oxygen saturation

Explanation: Bradypnea (6 breaths/minute) with weak chest rise indicates inadequate minute ventilation requiring BVM. Option A shows tachypnea but adequate breathing. Option B shows mild distress with adequate breathing. Option D shows increased work of breathing but still adequate ventilation.

Question 4

1. Nasal cannula at 2-4 liters per minute for mild respiratory distress
2. Non-rebreather mask at 10-15 liters per minute for potential anaphylaxis (correct answer)
3. Bag-valve-mask ventilation to assist with increased respiratory effort
4. Simple face mask at 6-8 liters per minute for moderate dyspnea

Explanation: Bee sting with dyspnea suggests possible allergic reaction/anaphylaxis requiring high-concentration oxygen via non-rebreather mask. Nasal cannula (option A) provides insufficient oxygen for potential anaphylaxis. BVM (option C) is inappropriate for adequate breathing. Simple face mask (option D) provides lower oxygen concentration than needed for this emergency.

Question 5

1. Listen for breath sounds using stethoscope on both sides of chest
2. Look for chest rise and fall, listen for air movement, feel for breath (correct answer)
3. Check pulse oximetry reading and monitor for oxygen saturation trends
4. Observe skin color changes and monitor for cyanosis development

Explanation: The look-listen-feel method provides comprehensive assessment of breathing adequacy by evaluating chest movement, air exchange, and breath sensation. Auscultation (option A) alone doesn't assess rate or depth. Pulse oximetry (option C) can be delayed or inaccurate. Skin color (option D) is a late sign of respiratory compromise.

Question 6

1. No oxygen therapy needed since patient is speaking normally
2. Nasal cannula at 2-4 liters per minute for comfort measures
3. Non-rebreather mask at 10-15 liters per minute for chest pain protocol (correct answer)
4. Bag-valve-mask assistance to reduce respiratory workload

Explanation: Chest pain patients receive high-concentration oxygen via non-rebreather mask regardless of apparent breathing adequacy, as this may indicate cardiac ischemia. Option A ignores chest pain protocol. Nasal cannula (option B) provides insufficient oxygen for potential cardiac event. BVM (option D) is inappropriate for adequate breathing.

Question 7

1. Respiratory rate is slightly elevated at 22 breaths per minute
2. Patient is able to speak but uses short, choppy sentences
3. Chest rise is barely visible and skin shows cyanotic discoloration (correct answer)
4. Patient appears anxious and requests to sit in upright position

Explanation: Barely visible chest rise with cyanosis indicates inadequate tidal volume and poor oxygenation. Slight tachypnea (option A) may be normal. Short sentences (option B) suggest distress but may still indicate adequate breathing. Anxiety and positioning preference (option D) are compensatory but don't necessarily indicate inadequate breathing.

Question 8

1. 8-10 breaths per minute to avoid hyperventilation complications
2. 10-12 breaths per minute to maintain normal physiologic ventilation (correct answer)
3. 12-20 breaths per minute to match normal respiratory rate
4. 20-24 breaths per minute to compensate for poor tidal volume

Explanation: BVM ventilation for adults should be 10-12 breaths per minute (one breath every 5-6 seconds). Option A is too slow and may cause hypoxia. Option C matches spontaneous breathing but is too fast for positive pressure ventilation. Option D risks hyperventilation and decreased cardiac output.

Question 9

1. Rapid chest compressions with maximum pressure delivery technique
2. Visible chest rise and fall with each ventilation at appropriate rate (correct answer)
3. Fast ventilation rate to quickly improve patient's oxygen saturation levels
4. Maximum bag compression to deliver largest possible tidal volume safely

Explanation: Effective BVM ventilation is indicated by visible chest rise and fall at the appropriate rate (10-12/min for adults). Option A describes chest compressions, not ventilation. Option C risks hyperventilation. Option D can cause gastric distension and lung injury.

Question 10

1. Apply nasal cannula oxygen and monitor respiratory pattern development closely
2. Position patient in recovery position and provide supplemental oxygen therapy
3. Begin immediate bag-valve-mask ventilation with high-flow oxygen delivery (correct answer)
4. Coach patient to breathe more regularly and deeply with verbal encouragement

Explanation: Agonal respirations are inadequate and indicate impending respiratory arrest requiring immediate BVM ventilation. Nasal cannula (option A) won't help inadequate breathing. Recovery position (option B) is inappropriate for someone needing ventilation assistance. The patient is unconscious and cannot respond to coaching (option D).

Question 11

1. Apply high-flow oxygen via nasal cannula at 6 liters per minute
2. Position patient upright and coach deep breathing techniques
3. Open airway with head-tilt chin-lift and begin bag-valve-mask ventilation (correct answer)
4. Insert nasopharyngeal airway and monitor respiratory status closely

Explanation: This patient has inadequate breathing (bradypnea with poor tidal volume) and airway obstruction (snoring). Head-tilt chin-lift opens the airway, and BVM provides needed ventilation. Nasal cannula (option A) won't help inadequate breathing. Patient is unconscious (option B). NPA alone (option D) doesn't address inadequate ventilation.

Question 12

1. Tachypnea indicates developing pneumonia from smoke exposure
2. Potential airway burns and swelling requiring close airway monitoring (correct answer)
3. Carbon monoxide poisoning causing altered respiratory drive patterns
4. Anxiety-related hyperventilation from traumatic fire experience

Explanation: Hoarse voice and cough after fire exposure suggest airway burns and potential swelling that could rapidly compromise the airway. While CO poisoning (option C) is a concern, airway burns are more immediately life-threatening. Pneumonia (option A) develops later. Anxiety (option D) doesn't explain the hoarse voice.

Question 13

1. 8-12 breaths per minute with regular rhythm and adequate depth
2. 12-20 breaths per minute with regular rhythm and adequate depth (correct answer)
3. 20-30 breaths per minute with regular rhythm and adequate depth
4. 30-40 breaths per minute with regular rhythm and adequate depth

Explanation: The normal respiratory rate for an adult is 12-20 breaths per minute. Option A (8-12) is bradypnea and indicates slow breathing. Option C (20-30) is tachypnea and indicates fast breathing. Option D (30-40) represents severe tachypnea requiring immediate intervention.

Question 14

1. Begin positive pressure ventilation with bag-valve-mask immediately
2. Apply a non-rebreather mask and coach slow, deep breathing (correct answer)
3. Insert an oral airway and provide high-flow oxygen therapy
4. Place patient supine and elevate legs for shock positioning

Explanation: This patient shows signs of hyperventilation with adequate chest rise and normal skin color. Coaching breathing and providing oxygen is appropriate. BVM (option A) is for inadequate breathing. OPA (option C) is for unconscious patients with airway issues. Shock positioning (option D) is unrelated to this breathing problem.

Question 15

1. 12-20 breaths per minute similar to adult respiratory patterns
2. 15-30 breaths per minute accounting for higher pediatric metabolic rate (correct answer)
3. 30-40 breaths per minute due to smaller lung capacity
4. 40-60 breaths per minute consistent with increased oxygen demands

Explanation: A 5-year-old child normally breathes 15-30 times per minute. Option A uses adult rates which are too slow for children. Options C and D represent rates more appropriate for infants or indicate respiratory distress in this age group.

Question 16

1. Normal compensatory breathing during mild physical exertion
2. Increased work of breathing due to respiratory distress or obstruction (correct answer)
3. Adequate ventilation with slightly elevated respiratory effort
4. Proper breathing technique during controlled respiratory exercises

Explanation: Retractions and accessory muscle use indicate increased work of breathing, suggesting respiratory distress, obstruction, or inadequate gas exchange. This is never normal (option A), indicates more than adequate ventilation (option C), and is not a proper breathing technique (option D).

Question 17

1. Increase oxygen flow rate on the current nasal cannula delivery device
2. Switch from nasal cannula to non-rebreather mask for improved oxygen delivery
3. Begin assisted ventilation with bag-valve-mask due to inadequate breathing pattern (correct answer)
4. Encourage patient to take deeper breaths and monitor respiratory status closely

Explanation: Shallow breathing at 8 breaths per minute indicates inadequate ventilation requiring assisted ventilation with BVM. Simply increasing oxygen flow (option A) or switching devices (option B) won't help inadequate breathing. An unconscious or obtunded patient cannot respond to breathing encouragement (option D).

Question 18

1. Kussmaul respirations with deep, rapid breathing pattern
2. Cheyne-Stokes respirations with cyclical depth changes and apneic periods (correct answer)
3. Biot's respirations with irregular pattern and sudden apneic episodes
4. Agonal respirations with slow, gasping breaths before cardiac arrest

Explanation: Cheyne-Stokes respirations show the classic pattern of increasing then decreasing depth with apneic periods. Kussmaul respirations are deep and rapid without apnea. Biot's respirations are irregular with sudden apnea but lack the cyclical pattern. Agonal respirations are gasping breaths near death.

Question 19

1. Increase atmospheric pressure to improve overall patient comfort and stability
2. Improve tissue oxygenation and prevent hypoxia-related organ system damage (correct answer)
3. Stimulate respiratory drive to increase natural breathing rate and depth
4. Reduce anxiety levels by providing psychological comfort to distressed patients

Explanation: The primary purpose of oxygen therapy is to improve tissue oxygenation and prevent hypoxic organ damage. Oxygen doesn't increase atmospheric pressure (option A), may actually suppress respiratory drive in some patients (option C), and while it may reduce anxiety, this is not its primary medical purpose (option D).

Question 20

1. Nasal cannula at 2-6 liters per minute
2. Non-rebreather mask at 10-15 liters per minute (correct answer)
3. Bag-valve-mask with high-flow oxygen
4. Simple face mask at 6-10 liters per minute

Explanation: A patient in moderate to severe respiratory distress with accessory muscle use requires high-concentration oxygen via non-rebreather mask at 10-15 LPM. Nasal cannula provides insufficient oxygen concentration. BVM is for inadequate breathing/respiratory failure. Simple face mask is rarely used and provides lower oxygen concentration than needed.