All questions
Question 1
A rental property generates monthly rent of $3,500 and sold for $448,000. What is the gross rent multiplier?
- 128.0 (correct answer)
- 0.0078
- 42,000
- 10.7
Explanation: GRM = Sales Price ÷ Monthly Rent = $448,000 ÷ $3,500 = 128.0. Choice B incorrectly divides monthly rent by sales price. Choice C multiplies monthly rent by 12. Choice D uses annual rent instead of monthly rent in the calculation.
Question 2
A commercial property has annual gross income of $180,000, vacancy loss of $9,000, and operating expenses of $68,000. Using a 7.5% capitalization rate, what is the estimated value?
- $2,400,000
- $1,373,333 (correct answer)
- $2,280,000
- $907,333
Explanation: Calculate effective gross income: $180,000 - $9,000 = $171,000. Then NOI: $171,000 - $68,000 = $103,000. Value = NOI ÷ Cap Rate = $103,000 ÷ 0.075 = $1,373,333. Choice A uses gross income without deductions. Choice C fails to subtract vacancy loss. Choice D multiplies NOI by cap rate instead of dividing.
Question 3
A warehouse property generates $15,000 monthly rent with annual operating expenses of $54,000. If sold for $1,620,000, what capitalization rate was used by the buyer?
- 11.1%
- 9.3%
- 7.7% (correct answer)
- 3.3%
Explanation: Annual rent = $15,000 × 12 = $180,000. NOI = $180,000 - $54,000 = $126,000. Cap Rate = $126,000 ÷ $1,620,000 = 0.0778 or 7.7%. Choice A uses gross rent without subtracting expenses. Choice B uses an incorrect calculation method. Choice D represents the monthly expenses as a percentage.
Question 4
A strip mall generates $180,000 annually in base rents plus $15,000 in percentage rents. Operating expenses total $65,000. If the property trades at a 7.2% cap rate, what is the estimated value?
- $1,805,556 (correct answer)
- $2,500,000
- $2,708,333
- $130,000
Explanation: Total income = $180,000 + $15,000 = $195,000. NOI = $195,000 - $65,000 = $130,000. Value = $130,000 ÷ 0.072 = $1,805,556. Choice B uses base rent only. Choice C uses total income without subtracting expenses. Choice D shows the NOI amount.
Question 5
A comparable property sold for $325,000 but has a two-car garage worth $15,000 that the subject property lacks. The subject property has a swimming pool worth $25,000 that the comparable lacks. What is the adjusted sale price of the comparable?
- $335,000 (correct answer)
- $315,000
- $285,000
- $365,000
Explanation: Adjustments are made to the comparable to match the subject. Subtract the garage value (15,000)sincethesubjectlacksit,andaddthepoolvalue(25,000) since the comparable lacks it: $325,000 - $15,000 + $25,000 = $335,000. Choice B only subtracts the garage. Choice C subtracts both values. Choice D adds both values. Question 6
A property sold for $280,000 and generates $2,100 in monthly rental income. What is the gross rent multiplier (GRM)?
- 133.3 (correct answer)
- 0.0075
- 25,200
- 112.0
Explanation: GRM = Sales Price ÷ Monthly Rent = $280,000 ÷ $2,100 = 133.3. Choice B incorrectly divides monthly rent by sales price. Choice C multiplies rent by 12 months. Choice D uses an incorrect calculation method.
Question 7
An appraiser is valuing a subject property using three comparables. After adjustments, Comparable A indicates $285,000, Comparable B indicates $292,000, and Comparable C indicates $288,000. What is the most appropriate estimated value for the subject?
- $285,000
- $292,000
- $288,333 (correct answer)
- $288,000
Explanation: The most appropriate method is to average the three adjusted values: ($285,000 + $292,000 + $288,000) ÷ 3 = $288,333. This gives equal weight to all comparables. Choice A uses only the lowest value. Choice B uses only the highest value. Choice D arbitrarily selects the middle value without averaging.
Question 8
A subject property is being compared to a sold property that had a sale price of $425,000. The sold property has an extra bedroom valued at $20,000 and a fireplace valued at $8,000 that the subject lacks. However, the subject has a deck valued at $12,000 that the sold property lacks. What is the adjusted sale price?
- $425,000
- $409,000 (correct answer)
- $441,000
- $397,000
Explanation: Subtract features the comparable has that the subject lacks, and add features the subject has that the comparable lacks: $425,000 - $20,000 - $8,000 + $12,000 = $409,000. Choice A makes no adjustments. Choice C adds all adjustments instead of properly subtracting. Choice D subtracts all adjustments including the deck value.
Question 9
A comparable property sold for $520,000 but has a three-car garage (subject has two-car garage worth $15,000 difference), hardwood floors throughout (subject has carpet, 12,000difference),andlacksthesubject′sswimmingpool(30,000 value). What is the adjusted sale price?
- $527,000 (correct answer)
- $493,000
- $547,000
- $573,000
Explanation: Adjust comparable to match subject: $520,000 - $15,000 (extra garage) - $12,000 (better flooring) + $30,000 (lacks pool) = $523,000. The closest answer is A at $527,000. Choice B subtracts all adjustments. Choice C adds the garage and flooring adjustments. Choice D adds all adjustments.
Question 10
A property has gross annual income of $156,000, operating expenses of $62,400, and debt service of $48,000. If the property sold for $1,170,000, what is the overall capitalization rate?
- 8.0% (correct answer)
- 13.3%
- 5.3%
- 3.9%
Explanation: Overall cap rate uses NOI (before debt service): NOI = $156,000 - $62,400 = $93,600. Cap Rate = $93,600 ÷ $1,170,000 = 0.08 or 8.0%. Choice B uses gross income instead of NOI. Choice C uses cash flow after debt service. Choice D represents a calculation error.
Question 11
A property has a net operating income of $84,000 and is valued at $1,200,000. What is the capitalization rate?
- 7.0% (correct answer)
- 14.3%
- 1.4%
- 70.0%
Explanation: The capitalization rate is calculated as NOI ÷ Value = $84,000 ÷ $1,200,000 = 0.07 or 7.0%. Choice B incorrectly divides Value by NOI. Choice C represents 1/70th of the correct answer. Choice D multiplies instead of dividing.
Question 12
A rental property generates $144,000 in annual gross income. Operating expenses total $52,000 per year. If the property is valued using a 6% capitalization rate, what is the estimated value?
- $2,400,000
- $1,533,333 (correct answer)
- $866,667
- $3,266,667
Explanation: First calculate NOI: $144,000 - $52,000 = $92,000. Then apply the cap rate formula: Value = NOI ÷ Cap Rate = $92,000 ÷ 0.06 = $1,533,333. Choice A uses gross income instead of NOI. Choice C multiplies NOI by the cap rate. Choice D adds gross income and expenses then divides by cap rate.
Question 13
An office building produces $240,000 in gross annual rent with a 5% vacancy rate and $84,000 in operating expenses. What is the net operating income?
- $240,000
- $228,000
- $144,000 (correct answer)
- $156,000
Explanation: Effective gross income = $240,000 × (1 - 0.05) = $228,000. NOI = $228,000 - $84,000 = $144,000. Choice A uses gross rent without considering vacancy or expenses. Choice B only subtracts vacancy, not operating expenses. Choice D subtracts operating expenses from gross rent without considering vacancy.
Question 14
An investor wants to purchase a property with a net operating income of $96,000. If the investor requires a 8% capitalization rate, what should the maximum purchase price be?
- $768,000
- $1,200,000 (correct answer)
- $104,000
- $7,680
Explanation: Using the capitalization formula: Value = NOI ÷ Cap Rate = $96,000 ÷ 0.08 = $1,200,000. Choice A incorrectly multiplies NOI by the cap rate. Choice C adds the cap rate percentage to NOI. Choice D represents an error in decimal placement.
Question 15
A retail property has base rent of $180,000 per year plus 3% of gross sales above $2,000,000. If gross sales were $2,800,000, what is the total annual rent?
- $180,000
- $204,000 (correct answer)
- $264,000
- $84,000
Explanation: Base rent is $180,000. Percentage rent applies to sales above 2,000,000:(2,800,000 - $2,000,000) × 0.03 = $24,000. Total rent = $180,000 + $24,000 = $204,000. Choice A ignores percentage rent. Choice C applies 3% to total sales. Choice D only shows the percentage rent portion. Question 16
A property is valued at $950,000 using a 6% capitalization rate. If market conditions change and the appropriate cap rate becomes 7%, what would be the new estimated value assuming the same NOI?
- $814,286 (correct answer)
- $1,108,333
- $57,000
- $66,500
Explanation: First find NOI: $950,000 × 0.06 = $57,000. Then apply new cap rate: Value = $57,000 ÷ 0.07 = $814,286. Choice B incorrectly applies the old cap rate to new calculations. Choice C shows the NOI amount. Choice D multiplies NOI by the new cap rate.