Gene Changes Affect Proteins Practice Test

A model shows a gene before and after a change and the matching protein before and after.

Before: Gene: M N O P Q → Protein: folded shape 1 → Function: attaches to a target

After: Gene: M N O R Q → Protein: folded shape 2 → Function: attaches weakly

The arrows show gene → protein. The student says, “Gene changes can affect proteins.”

Which statement about the gene change is supported by evidence in the model?

A model shows a gene and protein before and after a change.

Before: Gene: P L A N → Protein: shape fits target → Function: signal is passed

After: Gene: P L A N → Protein: shape fits target → Function: signal is passed

A student says: “This proves gene changes never affect proteins.” Another student says: “Gene changes can affect proteins, but not every time.”

Which statement is supported by evidence from the model AND good reasoning about cause–effect?