Molecules Support Growth - Middle School Life Science
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What is meant by “rearranged molecules” during growth and repair in an organism?
What is meant by “rearranged molecules” during growth and repair in an organism?
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Atoms are recombined into new molecules that build body structures. Food molecules are broken down and reassembled into body components.
Atoms are recombined into new molecules that build body structures. Food molecules are broken down and reassembled into body components.
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What is the main purpose of rearranging molecules in the body during growth?
What is the main purpose of rearranging molecules in the body during growth?
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To build new cells and increase body mass by making new biomolecules. New molecules form cellular components for organism growth.
To build new cells and increase body mass by making new biomolecules. New molecules form cellular components for organism growth.
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What is the main purpose of rearranging molecules in the body during repair?
What is the main purpose of rearranging molecules in the body during repair?
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To replace damaged cell parts and rebuild tissues using new molecules. Molecules rebuild damaged structures back to healthy state.
To replace damaged cell parts and rebuild tissues using new molecules. Molecules rebuild damaged structures back to healthy state.
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Which macromolecule type is most directly used to build and repair body structures?
Which macromolecule type is most directly used to build and repair body structures?
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Proteins. Made of amino acids, they form structural and functional components.
Proteins. Made of amino acids, they form structural and functional components.
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What are the smaller building blocks that cells link together to make proteins?
What are the smaller building blocks that cells link together to make proteins?
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Amino acids. 20 types combine in chains to form all proteins.
Amino acids. 20 types combine in chains to form all proteins.
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What is the role of enzymes in rearranging molecules for growth and repair?
What is the role of enzymes in rearranging molecules for growth and repair?
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They speed up chemical reactions that build and break molecules. Biological catalysts make reactions happen faster.
They speed up chemical reactions that build and break molecules. Biological catalysts make reactions happen faster.
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Which process releases energy from food molecules so cells can build new molecules?
Which process releases energy from food molecules so cells can build new molecules?
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Cellular respiration. Breaks down glucose to produce ATP for biosynthesis.
Cellular respiration. Breaks down glucose to produce ATP for biosynthesis.
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Which cell structure uses amino acids to assemble proteins needed for growth and repair?
Which cell structure uses amino acids to assemble proteins needed for growth and repair?
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Ribosomes. Protein synthesis sites that read genetic instructions.
Ribosomes. Protein synthesis sites that read genetic instructions.
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Which macromolecule stores genetic instructions that guide building proteins for repair?
Which macromolecule stores genetic instructions that guide building proteins for repair?
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DNA. Contains blueprints for all proteins cells can make.
DNA. Contains blueprints for all proteins cells can make.
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Which option best explains why atoms are conserved during growth and repair?
Which option best explains why atoms are conserved during growth and repair?
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Atoms are rearranged into new molecules; they are not created or destroyed. Matter is conserved; only molecular arrangements change.
Atoms are rearranged into new molecules; they are not created or destroyed. Matter is conserved; only molecular arrangements change.
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Which option best describes how cell division contributes to growth after molecules are built?
Which option best describes how cell division contributes to growth after molecules are built?
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Cells divide to increase cell number using newly made cell materials. Mitosis produces more cells from synthesized materials.
Cells divide to increase cell number using newly made cell materials. Mitosis produces more cells from synthesized materials.
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Which option best explains how a cut heals using rearranged molecules?
Which option best explains how a cut heals using rearranged molecules?
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Cells synthesize new proteins and membranes to replace damaged tissue. New molecules rebuild tissue structure during healing.
Cells synthesize new proteins and membranes to replace damaged tissue. New molecules rebuild tissue structure during healing.
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What is the role of enzymes in rearranging molecules for growth and repair?
What is the role of enzymes in rearranging molecules for growth and repair?
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They speed up chemical reactions that build and break molecules. Enzymes catalyze both synthesis and breakdown reactions.
They speed up chemical reactions that build and break molecules. Enzymes catalyze both synthesis and breakdown reactions.
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What is the main purpose of rearranging molecules during growth and repair?
What is the main purpose of rearranging molecules during growth and repair?
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To build new cell parts and replace damaged structures. New molecules form cellular components and fix damage.
To build new cell parts and replace damaged structures. New molecules form cellular components and fix damage.
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What is mitosis, and how does it support growth and repair?
What is mitosis, and how does it support growth and repair?
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Cell division that produces two identical body cells for growth and tissue repair. This process maintains chromosome number in somatic cells.
Cell division that produces two identical body cells for growth and tissue repair. This process maintains chromosome number in somatic cells.
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What is the main purpose of cell division during tissue repair after an injury?
What is the main purpose of cell division during tissue repair after an injury?
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To replace damaged or dead cells with new cells. New cells restore tissue function and structure.
To replace damaged or dead cells with new cells. New cells restore tissue function and structure.
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Which biomolecule forms cell membranes and must be made for new cells during growth?
Which biomolecule forms cell membranes and must be made for new cells during growth?
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Lipids (phospholipids). These molecules have hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads.
Lipids (phospholipids). These molecules have hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads.
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Which biomolecule provides quick energy that cells can use to power repair processes?
Which biomolecule provides quick energy that cells can use to power repair processes?
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Carbohydrates (such as glucose). These molecules undergo cellular respiration to produce ATP.
Carbohydrates (such as glucose). These molecules undergo cellular respiration to produce ATP.
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Which option best completes the statement: Mitosis supports growth by increasing the number of ___.
Which option best completes the statement: Mitosis supports growth by increasing the number of ___.
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cells. Cell proliferation increases tissue mass during development.
cells. Cell proliferation increases tissue mass during development.
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Identify the best description of how food molecules support repair after digestion.
Identify the best description of how food molecules support repair after digestion.
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Digestion yields small molecules that cells rebuild into needed body molecules. Nutrients are broken down then reassembled for body use.
Digestion yields small molecules that cells rebuild into needed body molecules. Nutrients are broken down then reassembled for body use.
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Choose the best match: DNA instructions → ribosome action → produced molecule is a ___.
Choose the best match: DNA instructions → ribosome action → produced molecule is a ___.
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protein. Ribosomes synthesize proteins based on genetic instructions.
protein. Ribosomes synthesize proteins based on genetic instructions.
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Which type of biomolecule is most directly used to build and repair body structures such as muscle?
Which type of biomolecule is most directly used to build and repair body structures such as muscle?
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Proteins. These polymers form structural components and enzymes in tissues.
Proteins. These polymers form structural components and enzymes in tissues.
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What does it mean to say molecules are rearranged during growth and repair?
What does it mean to say molecules are rearranged during growth and repair?
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Atoms are recombined into new molecules with new structures and functions. Chemical bonds break and reform to create different molecular structures.
Atoms are recombined into new molecules with new structures and functions. Chemical bonds break and reform to create different molecular structures.
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What is the name of the process that builds larger molecules from smaller ones for growth?
What is the name of the process that builds larger molecules from smaller ones for growth?
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Anabolism. This metabolic process synthesizes complex molecules from simpler ones.
Anabolism. This metabolic process synthesizes complex molecules from simpler ones.
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What are the building blocks (monomers) that cells link together to make proteins?
What are the building blocks (monomers) that cells link together to make proteins?
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Amino acids. These organic compounds contain an amino group and carboxyl group.
Amino acids. These organic compounds contain an amino group and carboxyl group.
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