Interactions Affect Survival - Middle School Life Science
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What is the term for a trait that helps an organism avoid predators and survive?
What is the term for a trait that helps an organism avoid predators and survive?
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Adaptation. Inherited traits that increase survival chances in specific environments.
Adaptation. Inherited traits that increase survival chances in specific environments.
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Identify the interaction: barnacles live on a whale; the whale is not helped or harmed.
Identify the interaction: barnacles live on a whale; the whale is not helped or harmed.
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Commensalism. Barnacles gain a mobile surface to live on without affecting the whale.
Commensalism. Barnacles gain a mobile surface to live on without affecting the whale.
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What is the term for an interaction where both organisms benefit and survival increases?
What is the term for an interaction where both organisms benefit and survival increases?
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Mutualism. Both species gain benefits, improving their chances to survive and reproduce.
Mutualism. Both species gain benefits, improving their chances to survive and reproduce.
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What is the term for an interaction where one organism benefits and the other is harmed?
What is the term for an interaction where one organism benefits and the other is harmed?
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Parasitism. The parasite gains nutrients while weakening or damaging its host organism.
Parasitism. The parasite gains nutrients while weakening or damaging its host organism.
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What is the term for an interaction where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected?
What is the term for an interaction where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected?
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Commensalism. One species gains a benefit while the other experiences no harm or help.
Commensalism. One species gains a benefit while the other experiences no harm or help.
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What is the term for an interaction where one organism kills and eats another organism?
What is the term for an interaction where one organism kills and eats another organism?
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Predation. The predator gains food by hunting and consuming prey organisms.
Predation. The predator gains food by hunting and consuming prey organisms.
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What is the term for organisms needing the same limited resource, reducing fitness?
What is the term for organisms needing the same limited resource, reducing fitness?
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Competition. Organisms struggle for scarce resources, reducing survival and reproduction.
Competition. Organisms struggle for scarce resources, reducing survival and reproduction.
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What is a limiting resource that can cause competition and reduce reproduction rates?
What is a limiting resource that can cause competition and reduce reproduction rates?
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Food, water, space, shelter, or mates. When scarce, these resources trigger competition between organisms.
Food, water, space, shelter, or mates. When scarce, these resources trigger competition between organisms.
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Which interaction is density-dependent: predation, drought, or earthquake?
Which interaction is density-dependent: predation, drought, or earthquake?
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Predation. More prey in an area attracts more predators, making it density-dependent.
Predation. More prey in an area attracts more predators, making it density-dependent.
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Which interaction is density-independent: competition, parasitism, or wildfire?
Which interaction is density-independent: competition, parasitism, or wildfire?
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Wildfire. Wildfires affect all organisms equally regardless of population density.
Wildfire. Wildfires affect all organisms equally regardless of population density.
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What is the best evidence that competition has increased in a population over time?
What is the best evidence that competition has increased in a population over time?
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Lower growth or fewer offspring as density rises. Competition intensifies with crowding, reducing reproductive success.
Lower growth or fewer offspring as density rises. Competition intensifies with crowding, reducing reproductive success.
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Identify the interaction: ticks feed on a deer, weakening the deer but not killing it.
Identify the interaction: ticks feed on a deer, weakening the deer but not killing it.
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Parasitism. Ticks benefit by feeding on blood while harming but not killing the host.
Parasitism. Ticks benefit by feeding on blood while harming but not killing the host.
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Identify the interaction: a hawk catches and eats a mouse, decreasing mouse survival.
Identify the interaction: a hawk catches and eats a mouse, decreasing mouse survival.
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Predation. The hawk kills the mouse for food, reducing mouse population survival.
Predation. The hawk kills the mouse for food, reducing mouse population survival.
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Identify the interaction: clownfish gain shelter in anemones; anemones gain protection.
Identify the interaction: clownfish gain shelter in anemones; anemones gain protection.
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Mutualism. Both species benefit: shelter for clownfish, defense for anemones.
Mutualism. Both species benefit: shelter for clownfish, defense for anemones.
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What is the most direct survival advantage of living in a group when predators are present?
What is the most direct survival advantage of living in a group when predators are present?
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Reduced chance of being captured by predators. Groups provide safety through dilution effect and increased vigilance.
Reduced chance of being captured by predators. Groups provide safety through dilution effect and increased vigilance.
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Which evidence best supports that camouflage increases survival in a prey species?
Which evidence best supports that camouflage increases survival in a prey species?
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Camouflaged individuals are eaten less often. Lower predation rates directly show improved survival from camouflage.
Camouflaged individuals are eaten less often. Lower predation rates directly show improved survival from camouflage.
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Which evidence best supports that a parasite lowers host reproductive success?
Which evidence best supports that a parasite lowers host reproductive success?
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Infected hosts produce fewer viable offspring. Reduced offspring production directly shows reproductive harm from parasites.
Infected hosts produce fewer viable offspring. Reduced offspring production directly shows reproductive harm from parasites.
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What is the term for two species using different resources or times to reduce competition?
What is the term for two species using different resources or times to reduce competition?
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Resource partitioning. Species divide resources by space, time, or type to avoid competition.
Resource partitioning. Species divide resources by space, time, or type to avoid competition.
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Which outcome best indicates resource partitioning between two bird species in one habitat?
Which outcome best indicates resource partitioning between two bird species in one habitat?
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Each species feeds in different areas or on different foods. Using different resources shows they've partitioned to reduce competition.
Each species feeds in different areas or on different foods. Using different resources shows they've partitioned to reduce competition.
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Identify the interaction: a tick feeds on a dog and harms it.
Identify the interaction: a tick feeds on a dog and harms it.
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Parasitism. Tick gains blood meal while dog loses nutrients and health.
Parasitism. Tick gains blood meal while dog loses nutrients and health.
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Identify the interaction: barnacles live on a whale; whale is unaffected.
Identify the interaction: barnacles live on a whale; whale is unaffected.
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Commensalism. Barnacles gain transport; whale experiences no harm or benefit.
Commensalism. Barnacles gain transport; whale experiences no harm or benefit.
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What is mutualism in ecology?
What is mutualism in ecology?
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An interaction where both species benefit. Both organisms gain resources or protection from the relationship.
An interaction where both species benefit. Both organisms gain resources or protection from the relationship.
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What is commensalism in ecology?
What is commensalism in ecology?
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One species benefits and the other is unaffected. The unaffected species neither gains nor loses from the interaction.
One species benefits and the other is unaffected. The unaffected species neither gains nor loses from the interaction.
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What is parasitism in ecology?
What is parasitism in ecology?
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One species benefits while the host is harmed. Parasites extract nutrients or resources, weakening the host.
One species benefits while the host is harmed. Parasites extract nutrients or resources, weakening the host.
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What is predation in ecology?
What is predation in ecology?
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One organism kills and eats another organism. Predators consume prey for energy and nutrients.
One organism kills and eats another organism. Predators consume prey for energy and nutrients.
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