All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Identify the relationship: one benefits and the other is unaffected.
Answer: Commensalism. One organism uses another without harm or help.
Flashcard 2: What is the best definition of a food web?
Answer: A network showing many feeding relationships in an ecosystem. Shows complex energy flow between organisms.
Flashcard 3: Which population change is most likely if pollution lowers dissolved oxygen in a lake?
Answer: Fish populations decrease. Low oxygen creates unsuitable habitat for fish.
Flashcard 4: Which statement best completes a CER argument: the âreasoningâ component does what?
Answer: Links evidence to the claim using scientific principles. Explains why evidence supports the claim.
Flashcard 5: Identify the best evidence type to support a claim about a population shift over time.
Answer: Repeated population counts (survey data) across multiple times. Time series data shows population trends.
Flashcard 6: Which population shift is most likely if an invasive predator enters an ecosystem?
Answer: Native prey populations decrease. New predators consume undefended native species.
Flashcard 7: Which population change is most likely after a severe drought reduces plant biomass?
Answer: Herbivore populations decrease. Plant loss reduces food for primary consumers.
Flashcard 8: Identify the most likely population change if a predator population decreases sharply.
Answer: Prey population increases. Reduced predation pressure allows prey growth.
Flashcard 9: Identify the most likely population change if a key prey species decreases sharply.
Answer: Predator population decreases. Less food means fewer predators can survive.
Flashcard 10: Identify the relationship: both species benefit from the interaction.
Answer: Mutualism. Cooperative interaction helps both species survive.
Flashcard 11: Which claim best matches a trophic cascade after a top predator is removed?
Answer: Herbivores increase and producers often decrease. Loss of predator control releases herbivore pressure.
Flashcard 12: What is the best definition of a niche for a species?
Answer: A speciesâ role and resource use in its environment. Includes habitat, food sources, and behaviors.
Flashcard 13: What is the correct meaning of an abiotic factor?
Answer: A nonliving environmental condition that affects organisms. Physical and chemical factors shape ecosystems.
Flashcard 14: What is the correct meaning of a biotic factor?
Answer: A living part of the environment that affects organisms. Living organisms influence other organisms.
Flashcard 15: What is carrying capacity in an ecosystem?
Answer: Maximum population an environment can support long term. Resources determine sustainable population limits.
Flashcard 16: What is the best definition of a limiting factor for a population?
Answer: A resource or condition that restricts population size. Environmental constraints prevent unlimited growth.
Flashcard 17: What is the best definition of a population in an ecosystem?
Answer: All individuals of one species living in the same area. Same species in one location forms a population unit.
Flashcard 18: What is the best definition of an ecosystem in life science?
Answer: All organisms and the nonliving environment interacting in an area. Includes both living organisms and physical components.
Flashcard 19: What is the best definition of carrying capacity?
Answer: Maximum population an environment can support long term. Determined by available resources and environmental conditions.
Flashcard 20: Identify the relationship: a predator population changes in response to prey numbers.
Answer: Predatorâprey relationship. Populations cycle together as one depends on the other for food.
Flashcard 21: What is the best definition of a limiting factor in an ecosystem?
Answer: A resource or condition that restricts population growth. Controls population size when resources become scarce.
Flashcard 22: Which evidence type best supports an argument about population shifts after change?
Answer: Long-term population data collected before and after the change. Before/after comparison shows causal relationship to the change.
Flashcard 23: What is the correct meaning of a density-dependent limiting factor?
Answer: Its effect increases as population density increases. Examples include disease and competition, which worsen with crowding.
Flashcard 24: What is the best definition of a limiting factor in an ecosystem?
Answer: A resource or condition that restricts population growth. Limits like food, water, or space prevent unlimited population growth.
Flashcard 25: What is carrying capacity in an ecosystem?
Answer: The maximum population an environment can support long term. Determined by available resources and environmental conditions.
Flashcard 26: Identify the population change expected if a predator population is removed.
Answer: The prey population increases. Without predation pressure, prey reproduce unchecked.
Flashcard 27: Which population change is most likely if a new invasive predator enters an ecosystem?
Answer: Native prey populations decrease. Invasive predators often hunt naive native prey effectively.
Flashcard 28: What is the term for the place where an organism lives, such as a pond, desert, or forest?
Answer: Habitat. The physical environment where a species naturally occurs.
Flashcard 29: What is the term for an interaction in which both species benefit?
Answer: Mutualism. Both organisms gain advantages from the relationship.
Flashcard 30: What is the term for two species using the same limited resource, reducing access for both?
Answer: Competition. Both species are negatively affected by sharing resources.