Gravity Shapes Space Practice Test

Two models show matter in space over a long time. Model 1 shows many stars gathered into a round star cluster with most stars closer to the center; arrows show stars moving in curved paths around the center. Model 2 shows the same number of stars spread out evenly with no clear center and arrows pointing in random directions. Which comparison best links gravity to structure formation?

Model: A map-like model of a galaxy cluster shows a very dense core region (many galaxies close together) and a less dense outer region. The core is labeled “greater total mass here.” Arrows near the core show galaxies moving faster and in more curved paths than arrows in the outer region. Which statement about gravity is supported by the model?