Gravity Affects Motion Practice Test

Model: Two planets are shown. Planet M is labeled “more massive,” and Planet L is labeled “less massive.” A small probe passes near each planet at the same distance. The probe’s motion arrow is to the right in both cases. The gravity (force) arrow toward Planet M is drawn longer than the gravity arrow toward Planet L. The probe’s path curves more near Planet M.

What is the best explanation supported by the model?

Model: Two moons (Moon X and Moon Y) move past the same planet. Moon X is drawn closer to the planet than Moon Y. Each moon has an arrow showing its motion to the right. Each moon also has an arrow showing gravity (force) pointing toward the planet. The gravity arrow on Moon X is drawn longer than the gravity arrow on Moon Y. Both paths curve toward the planet, but Moon X curves more.

Which statement is supported by the model?