Visual System Structure and Processing (6A) Practice Test

A perception experiment presents a moving dot that travels left-to-right across a screen. In one condition, the dot briefly disappears behind an occluder and then reappears at a location consistent with a smooth trajectory; participants report a strong sense of continuous motion. In another condition, the dot reappears at an implausible location given its prior velocity; continuity reports drop sharply. Based on the scenario, which conclusion is most consistent with the principle that the visual system uses top-down expectations to resolve ambiguous input?

In a lab study of the visual pathway, participants view a bright flash presented only to the left visual field while fixating centrally. fMRI shows increased activity in the right primary visual cortex (V1). A subgroup with a lesion restricted to the optic chiasm shows reduced V1 activation compared with controls for the same stimulus, despite intact retinal responses. Which statement best reflects the visual pathway described?