EPPP: Part 1, Knowledge Quiz: Research Ethics

What this quiz covers

This quiz focuses on Research Ethics, giving you a quick way to practice the rules, question types, and explanations that matter most for EPPP: Part 1, Knowledge.

How to use this quiz

Try each quiz question before looking at the correct answer. Use the explanations to review missed ideas, then come back to similar questions until the pattern feels familiar.

Question 1

1. Maintain strict confidentiality as promised in the consent form and document the information for potential analysis while continuing procedures
2. Break confidentiality to ensure participant safety by contacting appropriate mental health professionals, as ethical obligations supersede confidentiality promises (correct answer)
3. Remove the participant from the study immediately and refer them to campus counseling services without disclosing the concerning information
4. Contact the participant's emergency contact listed in their research file and inform them of the disclosure to ensure family support

Question 2

1. Report the unexpected findings transparently while clearly distinguishing between planned and exploratory analyses (correct answer)
2. Redesign the study retrospectively by changing the original hypotheses to match the findings and present as confirmatory
3. Focus only on reporting the significant findings without mentioning the original hypotheses that were not supported
4. Collect additional data specifically designed to test the new hypotheses and combine it with existing data

Question 3

1. Address the issue directly with the co-investigator and require correction of enrollment procedures while documenting the conversation and any agreements reached
2. Report the protocol violation to both institutions' IRBs and take corrective action to ensure scientific integrity of the collaborative research project (correct answer)
3. Exclude the problematic site's data from analysis and continue the study with remaining sites without reporting the issue to avoid research delays
4. Terminate the collaboration immediately and publish findings based only on data from compliant sites while maintaining confidentiality about the violations

Question 4

1. Proceed with recording since participants consented and their rights take precedence over therapists' concerns
2. Obtain separate informed consent from therapists, addressing their confidentiality and liability concerns (correct answer)
3. Use alternative data collection methods like post-session questionnaires from both parties instead
4. Implement enhanced security measures and provide legal protections to address therapists' concerns

Question 5

1. The deception involved may cause participants to question their moral character and experience lasting psychological distress about their failure to help others
2. Lack of informed consent violates participant autonomy since people cannot agree to participate in research they don't know is occurring in public spaces (correct answer)
3. The study may put participants at physical risk if they attempt to intervene in what they believe are real emergency situations requiring immediate action
4. Justice concerns arise because the study unfairly targets people in certain locations and may systematically exclude those who avoid public spaces regularly

Question 6

1. Continue with the study as planned since online research makes complete age verification impossible
2. Implement additional age verification measures and exclude data from participants who cannot be confirmed as adults (correct answer)
3. Contact all participants to verify their age and obtain parental permission for those identified as minors
4. End the study immediately and destroy all collected data since valid consent cannot be ensured

Question 7

1. Dual relationships that could compromise the therapeutic relationship and create coercion due to the therapist-client power differential (correct answer)
2. Confidentiality violations because the researcher would need to disclose client employment information to verify their study eligibility
3. Informed consent complications because clients may not understand the difference between therapeutic and research activities conducted by the same person
4. Beneficence concerns because participation in discrimination research could cause emotional distress that might interfere with therapeutic progress

Question 8

1. Justice requires continuing enrollment to ensure adequate representation of diverse populations in the final study results and scientific literature
2. Beneficence requires stopping enrollment in the control condition since continuing would expose participants to inferior treatment when better treatment is available (correct answer)
3. Autonomy supports allowing individual sites to make their own decisions about continued enrollment based on their local participant populations and needs
4. Scientific integrity requires completing the original study design to ensure adequate statistical power and generalizability of findings to broader populations

Question 9

1. Report the misconduct to institutional authorities and take steps to correct the scientific record through corrections or retractions (correct answer)
2. Privately confront the research assistant and require them to redo the data collection while maintaining confidentiality to protect their career
3. Exclude the falsified data from analysis and continue with the study using only valid data without reporting the incident publicly
4. Terminate the research assistant immediately and redesign the study with new methodology to prevent future data integrity issues

Question 10

1. Ensuring that peer counselors receive adequate training and supervision to provide competent services
2. Obtaining informed consent that clearly explains the experimental nature and potential differences in service quality (correct answer)
3. Providing a mechanism for participants to switch from peer to professional counseling if needed
4. Monitoring participants for deterioration and ensuring that professional backup is available when needed

Question 11

1. Beneficence, because the research may cause psychological harm to participants who discover they were recorded without permission or knowledge
2. Respect for persons, because participants are being treated as mere objects of study rather than autonomous individuals capable of making informed decisions (correct answer)
3. Justice, because the burden of research participation is unfairly distributed among students who frequent particular study locations on campus
4. Integrity, because the researcher is being dishonest about their professional identity and research activities when conducting covert observations

Question 12

1. Comply with the subpoena immediately since legal orders supersede ethical obligations and provide all requested data to the court
2. Challenge the subpoena in court and seek to quash it or limit its scope to protect participant confidentiality (correct answer)
3. Provide only aggregate data without any identifying information or codes that could potentially link responses to individual participants
4. Destroy the data immediately to prevent any possibility of participant identification and inform the court the information is unavailable

Question 13

1. Obtain parental permission and adolescent assent, recognizing that adolescents cannot provide legally valid informed consent for research (correct answer)
2. Allow adolescents to self-consent since they are mature enough to understand the research and parental involvement might compromise responses
3. Require both parents to provide written consent along with adolescent assent to ensure that all legal guardians approve of participation
4. Obtain parental consent only for participants under 16 and allow those 16 and older to provide independent consent based on maturity

Question 14

1. Document the concerns thoroughly and report the issue to the department chair or institutional research integrity officer (correct answer)
2. Confront the supervisor directly about the data exclusions and request a written explanation for the methodology changes
3. Withdraw from the research project immediately and seek a new supervisor to avoid association with potentially fraudulent activities
4. Consult with other faculty members informally to gauge whether this practice is common in the field before reporting

Question 15

1. Explain the scientific importance of objective measurements and encourage participation with emotional support
2. Allow participants to decline weighing and use self-reported data, noting this limitation in methodology (correct answer)
3. Require weighing as essential and exclude participants who refuse, as objective measures are necessary
4. Use alternative body composition measures that may be less triggering while providing objective data

Question 16

1. Beneficence, because contacting trauma survivors could retraumatize them or cause psychological distress even if their posts are publicly available online
2. Justice, because using social media recruitment may systematically exclude individuals who don't use social media or discuss trauma publicly on digital platforms
3. Respect for persons, because individuals may not expect their public posts to be used for research recruitment even though they are publicly accessible (correct answer)
4. Integrity, because researchers should be transparent about their professional identity and research purposes when contacting individuals through social media platforms

Question 17

1. Contact the journal editor immediately to request a correction or erratum clarifying the error and providing correct analysis (correct answer)
2. Publish a follow-up study replicating the findings with correct methods without acknowledging the original error
3. Include the correction in future presentations and papers but avoid drawing attention to the error unless asked
4. Wait for other researchers to identify the error through peer review and respond if the issue is raised

Question 18

1. Potential coercion due to the dual relationship between the researcher as both investigator and meditation instructor, which could pressure students to participate (correct answer)
2. Selection bias that may result from recruiting only participants who are already interested in meditation and may be more likely to show positive outcomes
3. Conflicts of interest because the researcher has a financial stake in promoting meditation through their teaching role at the center where recruitment occurs
4. Confidentiality concerns because participants' meditation practice information from classes might influence how their research data is interpreted or analyzed

Question 19

1. Ensuring that accessing unemployment records is legally permissible and that appropriate data use agreements are in place
2. Obtaining informed consent from individuals before their unemployment records are accessed for research purposes (correct answer)
3. Verifying that the research question is sufficiently important to justify accessing sensitive government records
4. Protecting participant privacy by using only aggregate unemployment data rather than individual records

Question 20

1. Follow the advisor's decision since they have ultimate responsibility for the research quality and provide the institutional resources necessary for research completion
2. Determine authorship based on actual contributions to the research according to APA ethical guidelines, with the student as first author if they made primary contributions (correct answer)
3. Compromise by listing both as co-first authors to acknowledge both the student's work and the advisor's supervisory role and institutional support
4. Consult with the department's graduate committee or ethics committee to mediate the authorship dispute and establish appropriate credit allocation