All questions
Question 1
Look at Chen's marks. Which push went farthest?
Tile marks:
1st push: 2 tiles
2nd push: 5 tiles
3rd push: 8 tiles
- The first push went farthest.
- The third push went farthest. (correct answer)
- All pushes went the same.
- The ball went left and right.
Explanation: This question tests kindergarten understanding of observing and recording how object speed or direction changes with pushes and pulls (K-PS2-2: Analyze data to determine if design solution works). When we test pushes and pulls, we observe what happens and record it. Speed means how fast the object moves (fast or slow). Direction means which way the object moves (left, right, forward, backward, toward, away). Recording uses simple methods: pictures, arrows, words like "fast" or "slow," smiley faces, or tally marks. The recording shows us what we observed. In this tile marks recording, the distances from three pushes are shown. The 1st push went 2 tiles, the 2nd push went 5 tiles, and the 3rd push went 8 tiles. The recording shows the object moved farthest on the third push. Choice B is correct because it accurately describes what the recording shows. The marks indicate the third push reached 8 tiles, the most. The answer interprets the visual data or observation correctly: comparing distances to identify the farthest, relating to speed or strength of push. Choice C is incorrect because it claims something not recorded, saying all went the same when the tile counts differ. Kindergarteners often think any push does the same thing without comparing recordings. To help students: Practice simple recording methods. After pushing object, ask "What happened? Let's draw it!" Use arrows (show where it went), faces (did it work well?), words ("fast" or "slow"), or counting (how many tiles did it travel?). Start with before/after pictures: show object still, then show object after push with arrow. Build to simple charts comparing two pushes. Use think-aloud: "This picture shows the car went far, so that was a hard push. This picture shows the car went a little way, so that was a soft push. The chart compares them." Watch for: students who don't connect recording to real motion observed, those who guess without reading visual data, or those who confuse recording symbols. Practice reading and creating simple science observations together.
Question 2
Look at the pictures. Which shows fast?
- Gentle push: turtle = slow
- Strong push: rabbit = fast
- Gentle push shows fast.
- Strong push shows fast. (correct answer)
- Both pushes show no moving.
- Fast means it went to the left.
Explanation: This question tests kindergarten understanding of observing and recording how object speed or direction changes with pushes and pulls (K-PS2-2: Analyze data to determine if design solution works). When we test pushes and pulls, we observe what happens and record it. Speed means how fast the object moves (fast or slow). Direction means which way the object moves (left, right, forward, backward, toward, away). Recording uses simple methods: pictures, arrows, words like "fast" or "slow," smiley faces, or tally marks. The recording shows us what we observed. In these pictures, the effects of gentle and strong pushes are shown. The gentle push is represented by a turtle meaning slow, and the strong push by a rabbit meaning fast. The recording shows the strong push resulted in fast speed. Choice B is correct because it accurately describes what the recording shows. The rabbit symbol for the strong push indicates fast. The answer interprets the visual data or observation correctly: connecting the animal pictures to speed differences from push strength. Choice A is incorrect because it states the opposite of what the recording shows, assigning fast to the gentle push with the turtle. Kindergarteners often confuse speed with direction or don't carefully look at all parts of the recording. To help students: Practice simple recording methods. After pushing object, ask "What happened? Let's draw it!" Use arrows (show where it went), faces (did it work well?), words ("fast" or "slow"), or counting (how many tiles did it travel?). Start with before/after pictures: show object still, then show object after push with arrow. Build to simple charts comparing two pushes. Use think-aloud: "This picture shows the car went far, so that was a hard push. This picture shows the car went a little way, so that was a soft push. The chart compares them." Watch for: students who don't connect recording to real motion observed, those who guess without reading visual data, or those who confuse recording symbols. Practice reading and creating simple science observations together.
Question 3
Look at the chart. What happened with a hard push?
Chart:
- Soft push: car went near (slow)
- Hard push: car went far (fast)
- The car moved slow and near.
- The car moved fast and far. (correct answer)
- The car did not move at all.
- The car turned left and right.
Explanation: This question tests kindergarten understanding of observing and recording how object speed or direction changes with pushes and pulls (K-PS2-2: Analyze data to determine if design solution works). When we test pushes and pulls, we observe what happens and record it. Speed means how fast the object moves (fast or slow). Direction means which way the object moves (left, right, forward, backward, toward, away). Recording uses simple methods: pictures, arrows, words like "fast" or "slow," smiley faces, or tally marks. The recording shows us what we observed. In this chart, the effects of soft and hard pushes on a car are shown. The soft push row shows the car went near and slow, while the hard push row shows the car went far and fast. The recording shows the object moved faster and farther with a hard push. Choice B is correct because it accurately describes what the recording shows. The chart shows the hard push made the car go far (fast). The answer interprets the visual data or observation correctly: connecting the hard push to increased speed and distance. Choice A is incorrect because it states the opposite of what the recording shows, claiming slow and near for the hard push instead of far and fast. Kindergarteners often don't carefully look at all parts of recording or confuse the rows in a chart. To help students: Practice simple recording methods. After pushing object, ask "What happened? Let's draw it!" Use arrows (show where it went), faces (did it work well?), words ("fast" or "slow"), or counting (how many tiles did it travel?). Start with before/after pictures: show object still, then show object after push with arrow. Build to simple charts comparing two pushes. Use think-aloud: "This picture shows the car went far, so that was a hard push. This picture shows the car went a little way, so that was a soft push. The chart compares them." Watch for: students who don't connect recording to real motion observed, those who guess without reading visual data, or those who confuse recording symbols. Practice reading and creating simple science observations together.
Question 4
Look at Sofia's arrows. Which way did it go?
Recording:
- Pushed left: ←
- Pushed right: →
- The arrow → means it went right. (correct answer)
- The arrow → means it went left.
- The arrow → means it went slow.
- The arrow → means it did not move.
Explanation: This question tests kindergarten understanding of observing and recording how object speed or direction changes with pushes and pulls (K-PS2-2: Analyze data to determine if design solution works). When we test pushes and pulls, we observe what happens and record it. Speed means how fast the object moves (fast or slow). Direction means which way the object moves (left, right, forward, backward, toward, away). Recording uses simple methods: pictures, arrows, words like "fast" or "slow," smiley faces, or tally marks. The recording shows us what we observed. In this recording, Sofia's arrows for left and right pushes are shown. The pushed left has a left arrow (←), and pushed right has a right arrow (→). The recording shows the object changed direction based on the push, with → meaning right. Choice A is correct because it accurately describes what the recording shows. The arrow → points to the right. The answer interprets the visual data or observation correctly: connecting the arrow direction to the motion observed. Choice B is incorrect because it misinterprets the symbol or picture, claiming left for the right arrow. Kindergarteners often confuse symbols (arrow, face, tally) like mixing up left and right arrows. To help students: Practice simple recording methods. After pushing object, ask "What happened? Let's draw it!" Use arrows (show where it went), faces (did it work well?), words ("fast" or "slow"), or counting (how many tiles did it travel?). Start with before/after pictures: show object still, then show object after push with arrow. Build to simple charts comparing two pushes. Use think-aloud: "This picture shows the car went far, so that was a hard push. This picture shows the car went a little way, so that was a soft push. The chart compares them." Watch for: students who don't connect recording to real motion observed, those who guess without reading visual data, or those who confuse recording symbols. Practice reading and creating simple science observations together.
Question 5
Look at both pictures. What changed?
Before: toy car is still
After push: toy car moved forward (↑)
- The car changed from still to moving. (correct answer)
- The car stayed still both times.
- The car changed color to red.
- The car moved left and right.
Explanation: This question tests kindergarten understanding of observing and recording how object speed or direction changes with pushes and pulls (K-PS2-2: Analyze data to determine if design solution works). When we test pushes and pulls, we observe what happens and record it. Speed means how fast the object moves (fast or slow). Direction means which way the object moves (left, right, forward, backward, toward, away). Recording uses simple methods: pictures, arrows, words like "fast" or "slow," smiley faces, or tally marks. The recording shows us what we observed. In these pictures, the before and after states of a toy car are shown. The before picture shows the toy car is still, and the after push picture shows the toy car moved forward (↑). The recording shows the object changed from still to moving forward. Choice A is correct because it accurately describes what the recording shows. The pictures compare still to moving forward. The answer interprets the visual data or observation correctly: connecting the push to a change in speed from zero to moving. Choice B is incorrect because it ignores the visual data, claiming it stayed still when the after picture shows movement. Kindergarteners often read only one picture and miss the comparison between before and after. To help students: Practice simple recording methods. After pushing object, ask "What happened? Let's draw it!" Use arrows (show where it went), faces (did it work well?), words ("fast" or "slow"), or counting (how many tiles did it travel?). Start with before/after pictures: show object still, then show object after push with arrow. Build to simple charts comparing two pushes. Use think-aloud: "This picture shows the car went far, so that was a hard push. This picture shows the car went a little way, so that was a soft push. The chart compares them." Watch for: students who don't connect recording to real motion observed, those who guess without reading visual data, or those who confuse recording symbols. Practice reading and creating simple science observations together.
Question 6
Look at Maya's record. What did she observe?
Change chart:
- What I did: pushed hard
- What happened: went fast
- Picture: car with long arrow (→→)
- Pushing hard made it go fast. (correct answer)
- Pushing hard made it stop.
- Pushing hard made it go left.
- The car changed into a truck.
Explanation: This question tests kindergarten understanding of observing and recording how object speed or direction changes with pushes and pulls (K-PS2-2: Analyze data to determine if design solution works). When we test pushes and pulls, we observe what happens and record it. Speed means how fast the object moves (fast or slow). Direction means which way the object moves (left, right, forward, backward, toward, away). Recording uses simple methods: pictures, arrows, words like "fast" or "slow," smiley faces, or tally marks. The recording shows us what we observed. In this change chart, Maya's observation of a hard push is shown. It states what she did (pushed hard), what happened (went fast), with a picture of a car with a long arrow (→→). The recording shows the hard push caused the object to go fast. Choice A is correct because it accurately describes what the recording shows. The chart and picture indicate fast with the long arrow. The answer interprets the visual data or observation correctly: connecting the push strength to speed change. Choice B is incorrect because it claims something not recorded, saying it stopped when the recording shows it went fast. Kindergarteners often don't carefully look at all parts of the recording or confuse speed with stopping. To help students: Practice simple recording methods. After pushing object, ask "What happened? Let's draw it!" Use arrows (show where it went), faces (did it work well?), words ("fast" or "slow"), or counting (how many tiles did it travel?). Start with before/after pictures: show object still, then show object after push with arrow. Build to simple charts comparing two pushes. Use think-aloud: "This picture shows the car went far, so that was a hard push. This picture shows the car went a little way, so that was a soft push. The chart compares them." Watch for: students who don't connect recording to real motion observed, those who guess without reading visual data, or those who confuse recording symbols. Practice reading and creating simple science observations together.
Question 7
Look at the recording. What does the smiley mean?
Test:
- Box without wheels: ☹
- Box with wheels: 🙂
- With wheels was easy to move. (correct answer)
- Without wheels moved the fastest.
- Both boxes did not move.
- The box went to the left.
Explanation: This question tests kindergarten understanding of observing and recording how object speed or direction changes with pushes and pulls (K-PS2-2: Analyze data to determine if design solution works). When we test pushes and pulls, we observe what happens and record it. Speed means how fast the object moves (fast or slow). Direction means which way the object moves (left, right, forward, backward, toward, away). Recording uses simple methods: pictures, arrows, words like "fast" or "slow," smiley faces, or tally marks. The recording shows us what we observed. In this recording, the test of boxes with and without wheels is shown. The box without wheels has a sad face (☹), and the box with wheels has a smiley face (🙂). The recording shows the box with wheels was easier to move, as indicated by the positive symbol. Choice A is correct because it accurately describes what the recording shows. The smiley face next to the box with wheels suggests it worked well or was easy. The answer interprets the visual data or observation correctly: connecting the face symbols to the effectiveness of the design in changing motion. Choice B is incorrect because it states the opposite of what the recording shows, assigning fast to the sad face without wheels. Kindergarteners often confuse symbols (arrow, face, tally) or misread which one is positive. To help students: Practice simple recording methods. After pushing object, ask "What happened? Let's draw it!" Use arrows (show where it went), faces (did it work well?), words ("fast" or "slow"), or counting (how many tiles did it travel?). Start with before/after pictures: show object still, then show object after push with arrow. Build to simple charts comparing two pushes. Use think-aloud: "This picture shows the car went far, so that was a hard push. This picture shows the car went a little way, so that was a soft push. The chart compares them." Watch for: students who don't connect recording to real motion observed, those who guess without reading visual data, or those who confuse recording symbols. Practice reading and creating simple science observations together.
Question 8
Look at the pictures. Which way did it go?
Recording:
- Jamal pushed the ball right → arrow points right (→)
- The ball went to the left.
- The ball went up high.
- The ball did not move.
- The ball went to the right. (correct answer)
Explanation: This question tests kindergarten understanding of observing and recording how object speed or direction changes with pushes and pulls (K-PS2-2: Analyze data to determine if design solution works). When we test pushes and pulls, we observe what happens and record it. Speed means how fast the object moves (fast or slow). Direction means which way the object moves (left, right, forward, backward, toward, away). Recording uses simple methods: pictures, arrows, words like "fast" or "slow," smiley faces, or tally marks. The recording shows us what we observed. In this recording, Jamal's push on the ball is shown. The description states Jamal pushed the ball right, and the arrow points right (→). The recording shows the object changed direction to the right after the push. Choice D is correct because it accurately describes what the recording shows. The arrow points right (→), indicating the direction. The answer interprets the visual data or observation correctly: connecting the arrow symbol to the rightward motion. Choice A is incorrect because it misinterprets the symbol or picture, claiming left when the arrow shows right. Kindergarteners often confuse symbols (arrow, face, tally) or don't carefully look at the direction the arrow points. To help students: Practice simple recording methods. After pushing object, ask "What happened? Let's draw it!" Use arrows (show where it went), faces (did it work well?), words ("fast" or "slow"), or counting (how many tiles did it travel?). Start with before/after pictures: show object still, then show object after push with arrow. Build to simple charts comparing two pushes. Use think-aloud: "This picture shows the car went far, so that was a hard push. This picture shows the car went a little way, so that was a soft push. The chart compares them." Watch for: students who don't connect recording to real motion observed, those who guess without reading visual data, or those who confuse recording symbols. Practice reading and creating simple science observations together.