CPA Quiz: Adjust Basis For Depreciation And Improvements
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Adjust Basis For Depreciation And ImprovementsQuestion 1 of 15

A corporation purchased equipment for $160,000 and capitalized $4,000 of freight costs. The corporation has claimed $90,000 of depreciation to date. This year, it performs a capital upgrade to the equipment costing $25,000. Calculate the new basis after depreciation expenses are considered.

$99,000
$74,000
$189,000
$94,000
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CPA Quiz: Adjust Basis For Depreciation And Improvements

Practice Adjust Basis For Depreciation And Improvements in CPA with focused quiz questions that help you check what you know, review explanations, and build confidence with test-style prompts.

What this quiz covers

This quiz focuses on Adjust Basis For Depreciation And Improvements, giving you a quick way to practice the rules, question types, and explanations that matter most for CPA.

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Try each quiz question before looking at the correct answer. Use the explanations to review missed ideas, then come back to similar questions until the pattern feels familiar.

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Question 1

A corporation purchased equipment for $160,000 and capitalized $4,000 of freight costs. The corporation has claimed $90,000 of depreciation to date. This year, it performs a capital upgrade to the equipment costing $25,000. Calculate the new basis after depreciation expenses are considered.

  1. $99,000 (correct answer)
  2. $74,000
  3. $189,000
  4. $94,000
Explanation: The tax concept of basis adjustment for depreciation and improvements involves calculating the adjusted basis by adding capitalized costs to the purchase price, subtracting accumulated depreciation, and adding the cost of capital improvements. The key facts here are the equipment purchased for $160,000 with $4,000 freight costs, $90,000 depreciation claimed to date, and a $25,000 capital upgrade. The correct answer of $99,000 aligns with tax rules for basis calculation as it is derived from the initial basis of $164,000 minus $90,000 depreciation plus $25,000 improvement. Distractor B $74,000 is incorrect because it omits the improvement addition; distractor C $189,000 may result from failing to subtract depreciation; distractor D $94,000 likely stems from arithmetic errors in additions. Other distractors often arise from common errors like mishandling depreciation. To adjust basis in similar scenarios, sum the purchase price and all capitalized acquisition costs to form the initial basis, subtract accumulated depreciation, then add capital improvement costs. This transferable framework helps in accurately determining the adjusted basis for tax reporting and gain/loss computations.

Question 2

A corporation purchased equipment for $88,000 and capitalized $2,000 of delivery costs. The corporation has claimed $30,000 of depreciation to date. In the current year, it adds a capital improvement costing $14,000. Calculate the new basis after depreciation expenses are considered.

  1. $74,000 (correct answer)
  2. $44,000
  3. $60,000
  4. $104,000
Explanation: The tax concept of basis adjustment for depreciation and improvements involves calculating the adjusted basis by adding capitalized costs to the purchase price, subtracting accumulated depreciation, and adding the cost of capital improvements. The key facts here are the equipment purchased for $88,000 with $2,000 delivery costs, $30,000 depreciation claimed to date, and a $14,000 capital improvement. The correct answer of $74,000 aligns with tax rules for basis calculation as it is derived from the initial basis of $90,000 minus $30,000 depreciation plus $14,000 improvement. Distractor B $44,000 is incorrect because it may double-subtract depreciation; distractor C $60,000 omits the improvement; distractor D $104,000 likely fails to subtract depreciation. Other distractors often arise from common errors like mishandling subtractions. To adjust basis in similar scenarios, sum the purchase price and all capitalized acquisition costs to form the initial basis, subtract accumulated depreciation, then add capital improvement costs. This transferable framework helps in accurately determining the adjusted basis for tax reporting and gain/loss computations.

Question 3

On January 2, Year 1, Blair purchased a home for $350,000touseasherpersonalresidence.ShelivedinituntilJanuary2,Year4,whensheconvertedtheentirepropertytoarental.Onthedateofconversion,thefairmarketvalueofthepropertywas\$350,000 to use as her personal residence. She lived in it until January 2, Year 4, when she converted the entire property to a rental. On the date of conversion, the fair market value of the property was $300,000. Blair properly depreciated the property using the straight-line MACRS method over 27.5 years. On December 30, Year 5, she sold the property.

For the purpose of calculating Blair's gain or loss on the sale, what is the adjusted basis of the rental property just prior to the sale?

  1. $$$278,182 (correct answer)
  2. $$$324,545
  3. $$$300,000
  4. $$$328,182
Explanation: When property converts from personal use to rental use, you need to understand how basis changes and depreciation works. The key principle is that depreciation begins only when the property is placed in service as rental property, and the depreciable basis is the lower of original cost or fair market value at conversion. Blair's depreciable basis starts at $300,000(thelowerofher\$300,000 (the lower of her $350,000 original cost or the $$$300,000 fair market value when converted to rental on January 2, Year 4). She can only depreciate this amount using straight-line MACRS over 27.5 years. Annual depreciation = $300,000÷27.5years=\$300,000 ÷ 27.5 years = $10,909 Since she converted the property on January 2, Year 4 and sold it December 30, Year 5, she claimed depreciation for nearly two full years: $10,909×2=\$10,909 × 2 = $21,818 Her adjusted basis just before sale = $300,000−\$300,000 - $21,818 = $$$278,182 Answer A ($$$278,182) is correct. Answer B ($324,545)incorrectlyusestheoriginal\$324,545) incorrectly uses the original $350,000 cost as the depreciable basis instead of the lower conversion value. Answer C ($300,000)failstosubtractanydepreciation,ignoringthetwoyearsofrentaluse.AnswerD(\$300,000) fails to subtract any depreciation, ignoring the two years of rental use. Answer D ($328,182) appears to subtract depreciation from the original cost rather than the proper conversion basis. Remember: when personal property converts to rental, always use the lower of cost or fair market value at conversion as your new depreciable basis, then subtract all depreciation taken while in service.

Question 4

A taxpayer owns a commercial building with an adjusted basis of $200,000.Thecityundertakesaprojecttoinstallnewsidewalksinthedistrict,andthetaxpayerisassessed\$200,000. The city undertakes a project to install new sidewalks in the district, and the taxpayer is assessed $10,000 for their share of the improvement. In the same year, the taxpayer receives a $4,000cashrebatefromthelocalutilityforinstallingnewenergy−efficientwindows,whichcost\$4,000 cash rebate from the local utility for installing new energy-efficient windows, which cost $15,000. The rebate is considered a reduction in the purchase price of the windows. What is the taxpayer's adjusted basis in the building after these events?

  1. $$$210,000
  2. $$$221,000 (correct answer)
  3. $$$225,000
  4. $$$211,000
Explanation: When you encounter questions about adjusted basis changes, focus on what increases basis (capital improvements and assessments) versus what decreases it (rebates that reduce asset costs). The taxpayer starts with an adjusted basis of $200,000. Two transactions affect this basis: First, the $10,000 sidewalk assessment increases the building's basis. Special assessments for permanent improvements like sidewalks, sewers, or street paving are capitalized because they provide lasting benefits to the property. This adds $10,000 to the basis. Second, the $4,000 utility rebate reduces the cost basis of the windows. Since the rebate is treated as a purchase price reduction, the net addition to basis from the windows is 11,000(11,000 (15,000 cost minus $4,000 rebate). This $11,000 gets added to the building's basis. The final calculation: $200,000 + $10,000 + $11,000 = $221,000. Answer A (210,000)incorrectlyaddsonlythenetwindowcostwithoutincludingthesidewalkassessment.AnswerC(210,000) incorrectly adds only the net window cost without including the sidewalk assessment. Answer C (225,000) makes the opposite error—adding the full $15,000 window cost and 10,000assessmentwhileignoringtherebate′sbasisreduction.AnswerD(10,000 assessment while ignoring the rebate's basis reduction. Answer D (211,000) correctly handles the windows but fails to include the sidewalk assessment entirely. Remember this pattern: improvements and assessments that benefit your property increase basis, while rebates and subsidies that reduce your actual cost decrease the basis of the specific asset involved. Always trace each transaction's proper treatment rather than simply adding or subtracting all dollar amounts.

Question 5

MegaCorp's warehouse, with an adjusted basis of $700,000,wascompletelydestroyedinafederallydeclareddisaster.MegaCorpreceived\$700,000, was completely destroyed in a federally declared disaster. MegaCorp received $1,000,000 in insurance proceeds. Within one year, MegaCorp constructed a new, similar warehouse for $$$920,000 and made a proper election under IRC Section 1033 to defer gain recognition. What is MegaCorp's basis in the new warehouse?

  1. $$$700,000 (correct answer)
  2. $$$620,000
  3. $$$920,000
  4. $$$220,000
Explanation: When you encounter involuntary conversions like this disaster scenario, you're dealing with IRC Section 1033, which allows taxpayers to defer gain recognition by reinvesting insurance proceeds in similar property. The key insight is understanding how basis transfers in these transactions. MegaCorp realized a gain of $300,000(insuranceproceedsof\$300,000 (insurance proceeds of $1,000,000 minus adjusted basis of $700,000).However,sincetheyreinvested\$700,000). However, since they reinvested $920,000 of the proceeds in similar property within the required timeframe and made the proper election, they can defer recognizing this gain. The deferred gain reduces the basis in the replacement property. The new warehouse's basis equals the amount reinvested ($920,000)minusthedeferredgain(\$920,000) minus the deferred gain ($300,000), which gives us $620,000.Wait—that′snotright.Actually,thebasisinreplacementpropertyunderSection1033equalsthebasisoftheconvertedproperty(\$620,000. Wait—that's not right. Actually, the basis in replacement property under Section 1033 equals the basis of the converted property ($700,000) plus any additional investment beyond the insurance proceeds. Since MegaCorp invested $920,000butreceived\$920,000 but received $1,000,000, they actually invested $80,000lessthantheyreceived,sothebasisremains\$80,000 less than they received, so the basis remains $700,000. Answer A ($700,000)correctlypreservestheoriginalbasis.AnswerB(\$700,000) correctly preserves the original basis. Answer B ($620,000) incorrectly subtracts the entire deferred gain. Answer C ($920,000)mistakesthecostforthetaxbasis,ignoringthedeferralmechanism.AnswerD(\$920,000) mistakes the cost for the tax basis, ignoring the deferral mechanism. Answer D ($220,000) appears to subtract the insurance proceeds from the construction cost, which has no basis in tax law. Remember: In Section 1033 transactions, the replacement property's basis typically equals the converted property's basis, preserving the deferred gain for future recognition.

Question 6

Clark received a gift of a rental property from his aunt. At the time of the gift, the aunt's adjusted basis in the property was $150,000anditsfairmarketvaluewas\$150,000 and its fair market value was $250,000. The aunt paid no gift tax. Clark held the property for two years as a rental and properly claimed $$$10,000 in straight-line depreciation. Clark then sold the property. What is Clark's adjusted basis for determining his gain on the sale?

  1. $$$240,000
  2. $$$150,000
  3. $$$140,000 (correct answer)
  4. $$$250,000
Explanation: When you receive gifted property, understanding basis rules is crucial for calculating gains and losses. The recipient's basis in gifted property depends on whether the property appreciated or depreciated, and you must account for any depreciation taken while holding the asset. For gifted property where fair market value exceeds the donor's basis (appreciated property), you take the donor's adjusted basis as your starting point. Here, Clark receives property with the aunt's adjusted basis of $150,000, which becomes his initial basis since the $250,000 fair market value exceeded the aunt's basis. Clark then held the rental property for two years and properly claimed $10,000 in depreciation. Depreciation reduces your adjusted basis dollar-for-dollar, regardless of the depreciation method used. Therefore: $150,000 - $10,000 = $140,000 adjusted basis. Answer A (240,000)incorrectlyassumesyoustartwithfairmarketvalueandsubtractdepreciation.Thisconfusesthebasisrulesforgiftsversusinheritedproperty.AnswerB(240,000) incorrectly assumes you start with fair market value and subtract depreciation. This confuses the basis rules for gifts versus inherited property. Answer B (150,000) represents the original basis from the aunt but fails to account for the depreciation Clark claimed during ownership. Answer D ($250,000) uses the fair market value at the time of gift, which is incorrect for appreciated gifted property. Remember this pattern: For appreciated gifted property, always start with the donor's adjusted basis, then adjust for any depreciation, improvements, or other basis adjustments during your ownership period. The fair market value at gift only matters for determining if you use the donor's basis or the fair market value.

Question 7

A business owner has a light-duty truck with an adjusted basis of $$$15,000. The owner incurs several costs during the year related to the truck. Which of the following costs will increase the adjusted basis of the truck?

  1. Cost of an engine tune-up and oil change.
  2. Cost of replacing all four tires with tires of the same quality.
  3. Cost of a major engine overhaul that extends the truck's useful life. (correct answer)
  4. Cost to repair a large dent in the truck's fender.
Explanation: When you encounter questions about adjusted basis, you're dealing with the fundamental tax concept of tracking an asset's cost for depreciation and gain/loss calculations. The key distinction is between expenses that maintain an asset versus improvements that enhance or extend its value. Cost of a major engine overhaul that extends the truck's useful life (option C) increases the adjusted basis because it's a capital improvement. This expenditure doesn't just restore the truck to its previous condition—it actually extends the asset's useful life beyond what it originally had. Capital improvements like this must be added to basis and depreciated over time rather than deducted immediately as expenses. Option A (tune-up and oil change) represents routine maintenance that keeps the truck operating normally but doesn't improve it beyond its original condition. These are deductible repairs, not basis adjustments. Option B (replacing tires with same quality) is also maintenance—you're simply restoring the truck to proper working order with equivalent parts. Option D (dent repair) restores the truck's appearance but doesn't enhance its function or extend its life beyond the original expectations. The critical test is whether the expenditure merely maintains the asset's current condition or actually improves it. Maintenance and repairs are immediately deductible expenses, while improvements that add value, extend useful life, or adapt the asset to new uses must be capitalized and added to basis. Remember this rule: if it makes the asset better than it was, capitalize it. If it just keeps it running as expected, expense it.

Question 8

In the current year, a corporation purchased a new manufacturing machine, which is 7-year MACRS property, for $80,000.Thecorporationmadeaproperelectiontoexpense\$80,000. The corporation made a proper election to expense $50,000 of the cost under IRC Section 179. The corporation did not elect out of bonus depreciation, which is 60% for the current year. What is the machine's adjusted basis at the end of the current year, assuming the half-year convention applies?

  1. $$$10,286 (correct answer)
  2. $$$12,000
  3. $$$25,714
  4. $$$30,000
Explanation: When you encounter depreciation questions involving Section 179 expensing and bonus depreciation, you need to apply these deductions in the correct sequence: Section 179 first, then bonus depreciation, then regular MACRS depreciation. Starting with the $80,000machinecost,firstapplytheSection179electionof\$80,000 machine cost, first apply the Section 179 election of $50,000, reducing the basis to $30,000.Next,apply60\$30,000. Next, apply 60% bonus depreciation to this remaining basis: $30,000 × 60% = $18,000.Thisleaves\$18,000. This leaves $12,000 subject to regular MACRS depreciation. For 7-year property under the half-year convention, the first-year MACRS percentage is 14.29%. Apply this to the remaining basis: $12,000×14.29%=\$12,000 × 14.29\% = $1,714. Total first-year depreciation is $50,000+\$50,000 + $18,000 + $1,714=\$1,714 = $69,714. The adjusted basis at year-end is $80,000−\$80,000 - $69,714 = $$$10,286. Answer A ($10,286)correctlyfollowsthissequence.AnswerB(\$10,286) correctly follows this sequence. Answer B ($12,000) represents the basis after Section 179 and bonus depreciation but ignores regular MACRS depreciation. Answer C ($25,714)appearstosubtractonlySection179andregulardepreciationwhileomittingbonusdepreciation.AnswerD(\$25,714) appears to subtract only Section 179 and regular depreciation while omitting bonus depreciation. Answer D ($30,000) only accounts for Section 179 expensing and ignores both bonus and regular depreciation entirely. Remember: depreciation deductions always follow the hierarchy of Section 179, then bonus depreciation, then regular MACRS. Each step reduces the basis for subsequent calculations, and you must apply all applicable deductions in the first year.

Question 9

A corporation purchased machinery for $120,000 and paid $3,000 for delivery and $2,000 for installation. The corporation has claimed $50,000 of depreciation on the machinery to date. In the current year, the corporation makes a capital upgrade to the machinery costing $18,000. Determine the basis adjustment after applying depreciation methods.

  1. $75,000
  2. $93,000 (correct answer)
  3. $88,000
  4. $68,000
Explanation: The tax concept of basis adjustment for depreciation and improvements involves calculating the adjusted basis by adding capitalized costs to the purchase price, subtracting accumulated depreciation, and adding the cost of capital improvements. The key facts here are the machinery purchased for $120,000 with $3,000 delivery and $2,000 installation costs, $50,000 depreciation claimed to date, and a $18,000 capital upgrade. The correct answer of $93,000 aligns with tax rules for basis calculation as it is derived from the initial basis of $125,000 minus $50,000 depreciation plus $18,000 improvement. Distractor A $75,000 is incorrect because it omits the improvement addition, representing only the basis before the upgrade; distractor C $88,000 may result from miscalculating the initial basis or partially subtracting the improvement. Distractor D $68,000 likely stems from subtracting the improvement instead of adding it or excluding capitalized costs. To adjust basis in similar scenarios, sum the purchase price and all capitalized acquisition costs to form the initial basis, subtract accumulated depreciation, then add capital improvement costs. This transferable framework helps in accurately determining the adjusted basis for tax reporting and gain/loss computations.

Question 10

A corporation acquired machinery for $75,000 and capitalized $5,000 of installation costs. The corporation has taken $20,000 of depreciation on the machinery to date. In the current year, the corporation replaces a major component that improves the machinery and costs $12,000 (capital improvement). Based on the improvements made, what is the updated basis of the asset?

  1. $72,000 (correct answer)
  2. $60,000
  3. $52,000
  4. $92,000
Explanation: The tax concept of basis adjustment for depreciation and improvements involves calculating the adjusted basis by adding capitalized costs to the purchase price, subtracting accumulated depreciation, and adding the cost of capital improvements. The key facts here are the machinery acquired for $75,000 with $5,000 installation costs, $20,000 depreciation claimed to date, and a $12,000 capital improvement for replacing a major component. The correct answer of $72,000 aligns with tax rules for basis calculation as it is derived from the initial basis of $80,000 minus $20,000 depreciation plus $12,000 improvement. Distractor B $60,000 is incorrect because it omits the improvement addition; distractor C $52,000 may result from subtracting the improvement instead; distractor D $92,000 likely comes from failing to subtract depreciation. Other distractors often arise from common errors like mishandling additions or subtractions. To adjust basis in similar scenarios, sum the purchase price and all capitalized acquisition costs to form the initial basis, subtract accumulated depreciation, then add capital improvement costs. This transferable framework helps in accurately determining the adjusted basis for tax reporting and gain/loss computations.

Question 11

A corporation purchased equipment for $140,000 and capitalized $6,000 of shipping and setup costs. The corporation has claimed $60,000 of depreciation to date. In the current year, it adds a new automated control system that is a capital improvement costing $20,000. What is the adjusted basis of the property after improvements?

  1. $106,000 (correct answer)
  2. $86,000
  3. $166,000
  4. $100,000
Explanation: The tax concept of basis adjustment for depreciation and improvements involves calculating the adjusted basis by adding capitalized costs to the purchase price, subtracting accumulated depreciation, and adding the cost of capital improvements. The key facts here are the equipment purchased for $140,000 with $6,000 shipping and setup costs, $60,000 depreciation claimed to date, and a $20,000 capital improvement for a new automated control system. The correct answer of $106,000 aligns with tax rules for basis calculation as it is derived from the initial basis of $146,000 minus $60,000 depreciation plus $20,000 improvement. Distractor B $86,000 is incorrect because it omits the improvement; distractor C $166,000 may fail to subtract depreciation; distractor D $100,000 likely results from arithmetic errors. Other distractors often arise from common errors like forgetting additions. To adjust basis in similar scenarios, sum the purchase price and all capitalized acquisition costs to form the initial basis, subtract accumulated depreciation, then add capital improvement costs. This transferable framework helps in accurately determining the adjusted basis for tax reporting and gain/loss computations.

Question 12

A corporation acquired machinery for $95,000 and capitalized $5,000 of installation costs. The corporation has taken $35,000 of depreciation to date. In the current year, it makes a capital improvement to the machinery costing $10,000. Determine the basis adjustment after applying depreciation methods.

  1. $65,000
  2. $75,000 (correct answer)
  3. $70,000
  4. $105,000
Explanation: The tax concept of basis adjustment for depreciation and improvements involves calculating the adjusted basis by adding capitalized costs to the purchase price, subtracting accumulated depreciation, and adding the cost of capital improvements. The key facts here are the machinery acquired for $95,000 with $5,000 installation costs, $35,000 depreciation claimed to date, and a $10,000 capital improvement. The correct answer of $75,000 aligns with tax rules for basis calculation as it is derived from the initial basis of $100,000 minus $35,000 depreciation plus $10,000 improvement. Distractor A $65,000 is incorrect because it omits the improvement addition; distractor C $70,000 may result from partial miscalculation; distractor D $105,000 likely fails to subtract depreciation. Other distractors often arise from common errors like forgetting deductions. To adjust basis in similar scenarios, sum the purchase price and all capitalized acquisition costs to form the initial basis, subtract accumulated depreciation, then add capital improvement costs. This transferable framework helps in accurately determining the adjusted basis for tax reporting and gain/loss computations.

Question 13

A corporation acquired machinery for $130,000 and capitalized $5,000 of installation costs. The corporation has taken $40,000 of depreciation to date. In the current year, it makes a capital improvement costing $16,000. Determine the basis adjustment after applying depreciation methods.

  1. $111,000 (correct answer)
  2. $95,000
  3. $151,000
  4. $89,000
Explanation: The tax concept of basis adjustment for depreciation and improvements involves calculating the adjusted basis by adding capitalized costs to the purchase price, subtracting accumulated depreciation, and adding the cost of capital improvements. The key facts here are the machinery acquired for $130,000 with $5,000 installation costs, $40,000 depreciation claimed to date, and a $16,000 capital improvement. The correct answer of $111,000 aligns with tax rules for basis calculation as it is derived from the initial basis of $135,000 minus $40,000 depreciation plus $16,000 improvement. Distractor B $95,000 is incorrect because it omits the improvement; distractor C $151,000 may fail to subtract depreciation; distractor D $89,000 likely understates additions. Other distractors often arise from common errors like forgetting components. To adjust basis in similar scenarios, sum the purchase price and all capitalized acquisition costs to form the initial basis, subtract accumulated depreciation, then add capital improvement costs. This transferable framework helps in accurately determining the adjusted basis for tax reporting and gain/loss computations.

Question 14

On January 1, Year 1, Ace Corp. purchased a commercial warehouse for $$$585,000, excluding land. Ace inadvertently failed to claim any depreciation on the warehouse for Years 1 through 3. On December 31, Year 3, Ace sold the warehouse. Assuming the straight-line MACRS method over a 39-year recovery period, what is the adjusted basis of the warehouse for purposes of calculating gain or loss on the sale?

  1. $$$585,000
  2. $$$570,000
  3. $$$540,000 (correct answer)
  4. $$$555,000
Explanation: When you encounter depreciation questions involving basis calculations, remember that adjusted basis reflects what depreciation should have been taken, not what was actually claimed. This is a crucial tax principle that often trips up candidates. To find the adjusted basis, you need to calculate the allowable depreciation over the three-year period. Using straight-line MACRS over 39 years, the annual depreciation is $585,00039=$15,000\frac{\$585,000}{39} = \$15,000 per year. Over three years (Year 1 through Year 3), total allowable depreciation is $15,000×3=$45,000\$15,000 \times 3 = \$45,000. The adjusted basis is the original cost minus allowable depreciation: $585,000−$45,000=$540,000\$585,000 - \$45,000 = \$540,000. This makes C correct. Option A (585,000)representstheoriginalcostwithnodepreciationadjustment–thisignoresthefundamentalrulethatbasismustbereducedbyallowabledepreciationregardlessofwhetheritwasclaimed.OptionB(585,000) represents the original cost with no depreciation adjustment – this ignores the fundamental rule that basis must be reduced by allowable depreciation regardless of whether it was claimed. Option B (570,000) reflects only one year of depreciation ($585,000−$15,000\$585,000 - \$15,000), perhaps from misreading the timeline. Option D (555,000)showstwoyearsofdepreciation(555,000) shows two years of depreciation ( \585,000 - $30,000 ), which also misinterprets the three-year holding period. Key takeaway: For CPA REG, always remember that adjusted basis calculations use allowable depreciation, not actual depreciation claimed. The IRS doesn't let taxpayers preserve basis by simply forgetting to take depreciation. When you see basis questions, immediately ask yourself: "What depreciation should have been taken over this period?"

Question 15

In 2024, a calendar-year corporation purchased new qualified equipment (7-year property) for $200,000.Thecorporationalsopaid\$200,000. The corporation also paid $50,000 for a significant upgrade to an existing machine, which is treated as a separate asset for depreciation. The corporation takes the maximum available bonus depreciation (60% in 2024) but does not elect any Section 179 expensing.

What is the adjusted basis of the new equipment and the upgrade at the end of 2024, assuming the half-year convention?

  1. $$$250,000
  2. $$$85,710 (correct answer)
  3. $$$100,000
  4. $$$135,710
Explanation: This question tests your understanding of bonus depreciation and how it affects asset basis calculations. When you see depreciation problems involving recent property purchases, remember that bonus depreciation significantly accelerates deductions in the first year. Let's calculate the adjusted basis for both assets. The new equipment costs $200,000 and the upgrade costs $50,000, totaling $250,000 in depreciable property. With 60% bonus depreciation available in 2024, you can immediately deduct $\250,000 \times 0.60 = $150,000 . For the remaining 100,000basis,youapplyregularMACRSdepreciation.Usingthe7−yearpropertytablewiththehalf−yearconvention,thefirst−yearrateis14.29100,000 basis, you apply regular MACRS depreciation. Using the 7-year property table with the half-year convention, the first-year rate is 14.29%. This gives you additional depreciation of $$\100,000 \times 0.1429 = $14,290$$. Total depreciation for 2024: $150,000+$14,290=$164,290\$150,000 + \$14,290 = \$164,290 Adjusted basis at year-end: $250,000−$164,290=$85,710\$250,000 - \$164,290 = \$85,710 Answer A (250,000)incorrectlyassumesnodepreciationwastaken.AnswerC(250,000) incorrectly assumes no depreciation was taken. Answer C (100,000) only accounts for bonus depreciation but ignores the additional MACRS depreciation on the remaining basis. Answer D ($135,710) appears to miscalculate the regular depreciation portion or apply an incorrect rate. Study tip: When solving bonus depreciation problems, always work in two steps: first apply bonus depreciation to reduce the basis, then calculate regular MACRS depreciation on the remaining amount. Don't forget that both depreciation methods apply in the same year.