All questions
Question 1
OPERATIVE REPORT: Preoperative Diagnosis: Right carpal tunnel syndrome. Procedure: The patient was brought to the OR and a regional nerve block was administered. An incision was made over the carpal tunnel. The transverse carpal ligament was divided under direct visualization. Hemostasis was achieved and the wound was closed in layers. The patient tolerated the procedure well.
Which CPT® and ICD-10-CM codes are reported for this case?
- 64721, G56.00
- 29848-RT, G56.01
- 64721-RT, G56.01 (correct answer)
- 64721-RT, G56.00
Explanation: CPT® 64721 covers neuroplasty and/or transposition of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel. Modifier -RT identifies the right side. ICD-10-CM G56.01 identifies carpal tunnel syndrome of the right upper limb. G56.00 is unspecified side; since the operative report specifies the right side, laterality must be captured in the diagnosis code.
Question 2
A patient is seen in the emergency department following a dog bite to the left hand with a 2.5 cm laceration requiring layered closure. The wound involved the subcutaneous tissue. The physician documents the repair and administers a tetanus toxoid injection. The patient has no prior immunization history on file.
Which codes are reported for this encounter?
- 12001-F3, W54.0XXA, 90714, 90471
- 12041-F3, W54.0XXA, 90714, 90471
- 12041, S61.412A, W54.0XXA, 90714
- 12041-F3, S61.412A, W54.0XXA, 90714, 90471 (correct answer)
Explanation: An intermediate repair of 2.5 cm on the hand is reported with 12041 (intermediate repair, hands, 2.6 cm and under). Modifier -F3 identifies the left hand. ICD-10-CM S61.412A covers open wound of left hand, initial encounter. The external cause code W54.0XXA (dog bite) is required. Tetanus toxoid (90714) and administration (90471) are separately reported.
Question 3
A gastroenterologist performs a diagnostic colonoscopy on a 55-year-old patient. During the procedure, a single 8 mm polyp is identified in the sigmoid colon and removed via hot snare polypectomy. A biopsy of an area of inflamed mucosa in the transverse colon is also taken.
Which CPT® code(s) are reported for this encounter?
- 45378, 45385-59
- 45385, 45380-59
- 45380, 45385-59
- 45385 (correct answer)
Explanation: When a colonoscopy with polypectomy (45385) and a biopsy (45380) are performed during the same session, NCCI edits bundle the lesser procedure into the more comprehensive one. The polypectomy (45385, hot snare) is the more complex service and is reported alone. The biopsy (45380) is bundled and not reported separately.
Question 4
A surgeon performs an open repair of a right inguinal hernia in a 35-year-old male. The hernia is documented as initial, reducible, and indirect. No mesh is used.
Which CPT® code is reported?
- 49507
- 49521
- 49505 (correct answer)
- 49520
Explanation: CPT® 49505 covers open repair of initial inguinal hernia, age 5 years and older, reducible — indirect. Code 49507 is for incarcerated or strangulated indirect inguinal hernia. Code 49520 is for recurrent inguinal hernia, reducible. The documentation of initial and reducible directs selection of 49505.
Question 5
A dermatologist excises a 1.2 cm malignant melanoma from the patient's right upper arm. The excised diameter including margins is 2.3 cm. The wound is repaired with simple closure.
Which CPT® code is reported for the excision?
- 11601
- 11602
- 11603 (correct answer)
- 11604
Explanation: CPT® malignant lesion excision codes are based on the excised diameter including the widest margin. For the trunk, arms, and legs: 11600 = 0.5 cm or less; 11601 = 0.6-1.0 cm; 11602 = 1.1-2.0 cm; 11603 = 2.1-3.0 cm. An excised diameter of 2.3 cm falls in the 2.1-3.0 cm range, making 11603 the correct code. The simple closure is included in the excision code and not reported separately.
Question 6
A 66-year-old Medicare patient with type 2 diabetes receives an annual wellness visit. During the visit, the physician also addresses the patient's poorly controlled diabetes, adjusting medications and documenting moderate complexity MDM.
Which codes are reported for this encounter?
- 99387
- G0439, 99213-25
- G0439
- G0439, 99214-25 (correct answer)
Explanation: The Annual Wellness Visit for an established Medicare patient is reported with G0439. When a separately identifiable, medically necessary E/M service is also provided (addressing the poorly controlled diabetes), it is reported in addition with the appropriate E/M code. Modifier -25 on the E/M code (99214 for moderate complexity) establishes that it is a separate, significant service beyond the wellness visit.
Question 7
OPERATIVE REPORT: A 50-year-old male undergoes right total knee arthroplasty. The procedure is performed under spinal anesthesia. The knee joint is exposed, the distal femur and proximal tibia are resected, and a cemented total knee prosthesis is implanted. The procedure is completed without complication.
Which CPT® and ICD-10-CM codes are reported by the surgeon?
- 27447-RT, M17.11 (correct answer)
- 27447, M17.11
- 27447-RT, M17.10
- 27446-RT, M17.11
Explanation: CPT® 27447 covers total knee arthroplasty. Modifier -RT identifies the right side. ICD-10-CM M17.11 is primary osteoarthritis of the right knee. M17.10 is bilateral primary osteoarthritis — since the surgery is unilateral right, M17.11 is correct. CPT® 27446 is unicompartmental (partial) knee replacement, not total.
Question 8
A patient undergoes outpatient surgery for removal of a 2 cm benign lesion on the back and a 0.9 cm benign lesion on the right arm. Both procedures are performed under local anesthesia.
Which CPT® codes are reported?
- 11402, 11401-51 (correct answer)
- 11402, 11401-59
- 11403, 11401-51
- 11402-51, 11401
Explanation: CPT® 11402 covers excision of a benign lesion on the trunk, excised diameter 1.1-2.0 cm (the 2 cm back lesion). CPT® 11401 covers excision of a benign lesion on the extremities, excised diameter 0.6-1.0 cm (the 0.9 cm arm lesion). When two benign lesion excisions are performed in the same session, both are reported. Modifier -51 (multiple procedures) is appended to the additional procedure with the higher-valued code listed first.
Question 9
A 40-year-old patient is seen in an urgent care center for an acute asthma exacerbation. The physician performs a detailed history and detailed examination with moderate complexity MDM. A nebulized bronchodilator treatment is administered during the visit.
Which CPT® codes are reported for this new patient encounter?
- 99203, 94640
- 99204, 94640 (correct answer)
- 99203
- 99204
Explanation: A new patient E/M with detailed history, detailed examination, and moderate complexity MDM meets the criteria for 99204. The nebulized bronchodilator treatment (94640 — pressurized or nonpressurized inhalation treatment for acute airway obstruction) is reported separately as it is a distinct therapeutic service beyond the E/M.
Question 10
A patient with a documented allergy to penicillin is admitted for a left lower lobe pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The patient also has a history of COPD, which required no additional treatment during this admission.
Which ICD-10-CM codes are reported and in what sequence?
- J18.1, J44.1, Z88.0
- J13, J44.1, Z88.0
- J13, Z88.0, J44.1 (correct answer)
- J18.1, Z88.0, J44.1
Explanation: The principal diagnosis is J13 (pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae) — organism-specific codes are more precise than J18.1 (unspecified lobar pneumonia) and should be used when the organism is documented. Z88.0 (allergy status to penicillin) is a relevant Z code that affects treatment selection. COPD that required no additional treatment during the admission is coded secondarily as J44.9.
Question 11
A patient requires a durable medical equipment item: a standard manual wheelchair for use at home following a hip replacement. The patient is a Medicare beneficiary.
Which HCPCS Level II code is reported for the standard manual wheelchair?
- E1130
- E1161
- K0001 (correct answer)
- K0004
Explanation: HCPCS Level II K0001 is the standard manual wheelchair. E1130 is a standard wheelchair with fixed full-length arms and swing-away footrests. K0004 is a high-strength, lightweight wheelchair. For Medicare billing, K codes are used for wheelchairs when the item meets the standard definition. K0001 is the correct base code for a standard manual wheelchair.
Question 12
A physician performs a preventive medicine visit for a new 35-year-old patient. During the visit, a separate, significant problem is identified and addressed — the patient is found to have uncontrolled hypertension requiring a new prescription and counseling.
Which CPT® codes are reported for this encounter?
- 99386 only
- 99386, 99213-25
- 99386, 99214-25
- 99385, 99214-25 (correct answer)
Explanation: CPT® 99385 covers initial preventive medicine visit for a new patient aged 18-39 years (the 35-year-old falls in this range). When a separately identifiable, medically necessary E/M service is provided at the same encounter for a new problem, it is reported in addition using modifier -25 on the E/M code. Uncontrolled hypertension requiring a new prescription and counseling supports moderate complexity MDM (99214). The correct codes are 99385 and 99214-25.
Question 13
A physician provides critical care services for a 68-year-old patient in the ICU for 45 minutes on Monday, 35 minutes on Tuesday, and 90 minutes on Wednesday. The physician documents and attests to critical care time each day.
How are the critical care services reported for Tuesday's encounter?
- 99291 (correct answer)
- 99292
- 99291, 99292
- No critical care code — 35 minutes does not meet the threshold
Explanation: Critical care time must total at least 30 minutes to report 99291 (first 30-74 minutes). On Tuesday, 35 minutes of critical care is documented, which meets the threshold for 99291. Each day of critical care is reported independently. Add-on code 99292 is for each additional 30 minutes beyond the first 74 minutes and does not apply here.
Question 14
OPERATIVE NOTE: A 28-year-old female undergoes laparoscopic removal of an ectopic pregnancy located in the right fallopian tube. The tube was ruptured at the time of surgery. The right tube was removed in its entirety (salpingectomy). Estimated blood loss: 300 mL. Patient tolerated the procedure well.
Which CPT® and ICD-10-CM codes are reported?
- 58661-RT, O00.101
- 58700-RT, O00.101
- 59151, O00.101
- 59151, O00.111 (correct answer)
Explanation: CPT® 59151 covers laparoscopic treatment of ectopic pregnancy with salpingectomy. ICD-10-CM O00.111 covers right tubal pregnancy with intrauterine pregnancy — however, O00.101 is right tubal pregnancy without intrauterine pregnancy, which is the more precise code for a documented right tubal ectopic. The rupture is captured in the specific ectopic code selection. 59151 is preferred over 58700 because it is the laparoscopic-specific ectopic pregnancy code.
Question 15
A hospital-based radiologist performs the technical and professional components of a bilateral screening mammogram on a 52-year-old asymptomatic woman.
Which CPT® code is reported by the hospital (technical component) for a digital bilateral screening mammogram?
- 77066-TC
- 77067-TC (correct answer)
- 77065-TC
- 77066-26
Explanation: CPT® 77067 covers screening mammography, bilateral, including computer-aided detection (CAD) when performed. Code 77066 covers diagnostic bilateral mammography. For a screening study in an asymptomatic patient, 77067 is correct. The hospital reports the technical component with modifier -TC. The radiologist would report -26 for the professional component.
Question 16
A patient receives an infusion of 500 mL normal saline over 2 hours for dehydration. No other drugs or services are administered during the visit.
Which CPT® code(s) are reported for the hydration infusion?
- 96360, 96361 (correct answer)
- 96360
- 96365
- 96374
Explanation: CPT® 96360 covers IV hydration infusion, initial 31 minutes to 1 hour. Add-on code 96361 covers each additional hour of hydration beyond the first. A 2-hour infusion is reported as 96360 for the first hour and 96361 for the second hour. Code 96365 is for therapeutic drug infusion, not hydration. Code 96374 is for IV push injection, not infusion.
Question 17
OPERATIVE REPORT: Bilateral myringotomy with placement of ventilating tubes was performed on a 3-year-old child under general anesthesia. Tubes were placed in both tympanic membranes through separate incisions.
Which CPT® code(s) are reported?
- 69433-50
- 69436-50 (correct answer)
- 69433, 69433-51
- 69436, 69436-51
Explanation: CPT® 69436 covers myringotomy with insertion of ventilating tube, requiring general anesthesia. Code 69433 is for myringotomy with tube under local or topical anesthesia. Since general anesthesia was used, 69436 is correct. The procedure was performed bilaterally, so modifier -50 is appended: 69436-50. Reporting 69436 twice with -51 is an alternative but -50 is the preferred billing method.
Question 18
A surgeon performs a laparoscopic cholecystectomy with intraoperative cholangiography. The procedure is completed without conversion to open surgery.
Which CPT® code is reported?
- 47562
- 47563 (correct answer)
- 47564
- 47600
Explanation: CPT® 47563 covers laparoscopic cholecystectomy with intraoperative cholangiography. Code 47562 covers laparoscopic cholecystectomy without cholangiography. Code 47564 covers laparoscopic cholecystectomy with exploration of common bile duct. Code 47600 is the open cholecystectomy code. The documentation of intraoperative cholangiography is the key differentiator between 47562 and 47563.
Question 19
A radiologist in an independent radiology group performs and interprets a CT scan of the abdomen with contrast, ordered for evaluation of abdominal pain. The hospital owns the equipment and employs the technologist.
Which CPT® code(s) and modifier are reported by the radiologist?
- 74177-TC
- 74178-26
- 74177, 74178
- 74177-26 (correct answer)
Explanation: The radiologist in an independent practice reports only the professional component of the CT scan using modifier -26. CPT® 74177 covers CT of the abdomen with contrast. The hospital, which owns the equipment, reports the technical component. The radiologist reports 74177-26 for the professional component of this abdomen-only study.
Question 20
OPERATIVE REPORT: The patient is a 62-year-old male with a 4.5 cm infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm. An open repair was performed via a midline laparotomy. A Dacron tube graft was used to replace the aneurysmal segment. Procedure completed without complication. Estimated blood loss: 900 mL.
Which CPT® and ICD-10-CM codes are reported?
- 35092, I71.4
- 35082, I71.4 (correct answer)
- 35102, I71.4
- 35081, I71.3
Explanation: CPT® 35082 covers open repair of an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm using a tube graft. Code 35092 covers repair with an aorto-bi-iliac graft; 35102 covers aorto-bi-femoral graft. Since a tube graft was used for an infrarenal aneurysm, 35082 is correct. ICD-10-CM I71.4 covers abdominal aortic aneurysm without rupture. I71.3 is ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, which does not apply as this procedure was elective.