Evaluate Solutions for Ecosystem Impacts Practice Test

A forested watershed supplies drinking water to a town. Logging on steep slopes has increased erosion, making the river muddy and raising water treatment needs. Two strategies are proposed:

Strategy A: Require logging companies to keep trees along stream banks (riparian buffers) and avoid logging steep slopes; replant native vegetation on eroding areas.

Strategy B: Build a larger water filtration plant to remove sediment from the drinking water after it reaches the intake.

Which statement best compares these strategies for long-term effectiveness and sustainability?

A region wants to reduce climate-related ecosystem stress (heat waves, drought, shifting species ranges). Two actions are proposed: Action A replaces coal electricity with wind and solar over the next decade. Action B builds shaded wildlife feeding stations in several parks to help animals during heat waves. Which evaluation is most accurate?