Effects of Migration Practice Test

In the 1800s, many Italians migrated to Brazil and the United States, sending money back to relatives and sometimes returning home after several years. Remittances supported village economies, funded building projects, and helped families buy land. Destination cities gained labor for construction and manufacturing, while migrants maintained transatlantic ties through letters and newspapers. Which effect of migration is best illustrated?

From the 1970s to the present, millions of Filipinos have worked abroad as nurses, seafarers, and domestic workers in the Gulf States, North America, and East Asia. Remittances became a major source of foreign exchange for the Philippines, supporting household consumption and education. However, families experienced long separations, and destination countries often limited migrants’ political rights. Which effect of migration is best illustrated?