Developments in South and Southeast Asia Practice Test

In the late 1700s and 1800s, the British East India Company expanded from coastal trading posts into territorial rule in South Asia. Company officials restructured taxation, promoted export crops, and relied on Indian intermediaries while claiming to bring “improvement” and legal order. Which consequence most directly resulted from these economic policies?

From the 1500s to the 1700s, mainland Southeast Asian kingdoms such as Ayutthaya and Burma expanded by controlling rice-growing regions and manpower through corvée labor and warfare. Court chronicles emphasized cosmic kingship, while rulers also negotiated with foreign merchants for firearms and luxury goods. Which factor most directly enabled these states to maintain large armies and bureaucracies?